最新高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解重要词汇语法等说课讲解.docx
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最新高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解重要词汇语法等说课讲解
Unit1
重要单词,词组讲解
1.mean的用法
Whatdoyoumeantodowithit?
Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.
1)meantodo意欲做
Thismeansstayingherelonger.
Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.
2)meandoing意味着做
Heisnotmeantforateacherandwillalwaysbeunhappyintheschool.
Bemeantfor适合做
他说他不适合读书因为懒。
Hesayshe_________________astudentforhislaziness.
这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。
Failingthisexam___________________anotherone.
我并不是故意迟到的。
Ididn’t____________belateforschool.
2.celebratevt.
(1) 庆祝;祝贺
celebrateChristmas/one’sbirthday/avictory(成功)
(2) 赞扬;称颂
Thenamesofmanyheroesarecelebratedbythepoets.
词语辨析:
celebrate,congratulate
celebrate后常接日期,事情或场合
congratulate后常接人
表示为某事而祝贺某人congratulatesb.on/uponsth.
ex:
congratulateyouonyourmarriage.
有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。
ex:
Icongratulatedmyselfonmyescapefrombeingpunished.
3.英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物,不用于被动语态。
主语为所发生的事。
词语辨析:
takeplace,happen,occur,comeabout,breakout的比较
1)Theweddingwilltakeplacetomorrow.
2)In1919,theMay4thMovementtookplaceinChina.
takeplace发生,举行;侧重安排或计划而发生的事,带有“非偶然”的意思
3)Whathashappenedtoher?
碰巧,恰好
happen“发生”,普通用词,含义很广。
常指具体客观事物或情况的发生,含有“偶然”的意味。
当以具体事物、事件作主语时,happen和occur可以换用;但当happen用作“碰巧”之意时,不能用occur代替,但可以与comeabout互换。
4)Ithappenedtorainthatday.
5)ThetrafficaccidentoccurredonWednesday.
occur“发生,出现”,较正式用词,指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然浮在心头。
occurto有“想起”的意思。
6)TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin1939.
breakout(火灾、战争、疾病)突然发生、爆发
7)Howdoesitcomeaboutthatyouwerecaughtbythepolice?
comeabout“发生”,往往注重事情发生的原因。
且很多时候与how连用。
与happen用法较接近
用takeplace,happen和comeabout的正确形式填空
1.TheMay4thMovement_____________in1919.
2.Ifanything___________tothemachine,letmeknowatonce.
3.Theopeningdayoftheplay___________tomorrownight.
4.Canyoutellmehowit___________?
4.starve:
vt.使饿死
vi.饿得要死starvetodeath
bestarvedof/starvefor:
渴望
她很寂寞,渴望友谊:
Sheislonely,starvingforfriendship.
Themotherlesschildrenwerestarvedof/werestarvingforaffection.渴望母爱
他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死。
他们正急需一大笔钱来完成工作。
Theygotlostinthedesertand____________________.
Theyare_____________asumofmoneytofinishtheirwork.
n.starvation
饿死:
dieof____________
5.ayear/dayofplenty富裕/丰收的年月
days/yearsofplenty
——Havewegotenoughapples?
——Yes,thereareplentyinthebasket.
plentyof+复数n/不可数n
plentyofeggs/food/milk…足够的…
6.honour
1)光荣,荣誉(n)
Theyfightforthehonourofthecountry.
Onemustshowhonourtoone’sparents.
2)inhonourof为了纪念
Afestivalissetinhonourofthehero.
3)anhounour光荣的人或事情
LiuXiangisanhonourtoourcountry.
4)尊敬,给以荣誉(v)
Childrenshouldhonourtheirparents.
7.satisfyVt.Vi.使满意,使满足
Nothingcansatisfyhimexceptthebest.
Somepeoplearereallyhardtosatisfy.
sb.besatisfiedwith对…满意
e.g.She’snotsatisfiedwithhernewhouse.
令人满意的:
satisfying,satisfactory
满意:
satisfaction
8.pleaseVt使愉快,取悅…
Itisdifficulttopleaseeverybody.
Ouraimistopleasethecustomers.
pleased(人)高兴的…愉快的
Pleasing(物)令人愉快的
pleasant(物)好听的,令人舒服的
pleasure高兴的事情
听到她悦耳的声音我们很高兴.
Weare_________tohearher___________voice.Itissucha___________tous.
Iwasvery_________tohearthenews.
Thenewswasvery___________tous.
9.harmn损害,伤害
e.g.Hemeantnoharmtoyou.
(Hedidn’tintendtohurtyou.)
dosbharm=doharmtosb=harmsb
Theeventshasharmedtherelationsbetweenthetwocountries.
10.Theyofferfood,flowersandgift….
词语辨析:
offer,provide,supply
offer主动提供。
offersthtosb;offersbsth
provide供给(所需物,尤指生活必需品)。
providesth(forsb);providesbwithsth.
supply:
供应(所需要或所要求之物)。
supplysthtosb;supplysbwithsth
WhenImeetdifficulty,myroommateswill_____mehelp.
他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。
They_______arewardforthereturnofthelostjewels.
政府得提供这些老人们吃穿。
Thegovernmentneedto_________theseoldpeoplewithfoodandclothes.
每个月都得供应足够的电。
Electricityshouldbe_________enougheverymonth.
11.inmemoryof=tothememoryofsb
Themuseumwasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.
inhonorofinchargeof
insearchofsb./sth.
12.dressup盛装打扮,化装打扮
Youdon’thavetodressup.Comeasyouare.
ChildrenlovedressingupinHalloween.
dressoneself给某人自己穿衣
dresssb给某人穿衣服
你认识穿着白色裙子的那个女孩吗?
Doyouknowthegirlwhoisdressedinawhiteskirt?
Doyouknowthegirlwhoiswearingawhiteskirt?
Doyouknowthegirlwhohasonawhiteskirt?
选词填空:
weardresshaveonputon
1.Mydaughterisnowabletoherself.
2.Mr.WualwaysabluecoatinWinter.
3.XiaoWangawhiteshirttoday.
4.IliketomyhatwhenIgooutinWinter.
13.award
n.奖品,奖项,奖金,助学金……
Sheshowedustheawardsshehadwon.
Marygotanawardandwasabletofinishherstudy.
vt.授予……裁定……
awardsbsth=awardsthtosb
Thejudgesawardedbothteamsequalpoints.
reward回报,报酬
他因为努力学习而受奖。
他用100块钱酬谢这个工人。
He______________forstudyinghard.
He____________theworkerwith100yuan.
14.admiresb/sth(for…)
钦佩,羡慕
Theyadmiredourgarden.
Iadmirehimforhissuccessinbusiness.
我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
Weall________________hiscourageandbravery.
admiration名词admirable形容词
15.lookforwardto(介词)+n/v-ing盼望,期待
I’mlookingforwardtohiscoming.
以下短语中的to也为介词,后面加doing,而不是do
payattentionto注意devote…to致力于
preferto更加喜欢getdownto开始做
beusedto习惯于
--ward向着…方向
backward向后
forward向前
16.asthough=asif好像,仿佛
1.虚拟语气(从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态.)
Hebehavedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.
Hetalksasif/thoughhekneweverything.
Helooksasifhewereill.
2.陈述语气(表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气,)
Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorain.
1.)他向我招手好像有事情告诉我。
Hewavedtomeasiftotellmesomething.
2.)这女孩环顾四周好像在找什么东西。
Thegirllookedaroundasifinsearchofsomething.
3.)他说起来好像他是一个专家似的。
Hetalksasifhe____anexpert.
4.)他英语讲得很流利,就像在英国学的一样。
HespokeEnglishsofluentlyasifhe______itinEngland.
5.)看起来我们对要赢了。
Itlooksasifourteam_______________.
17.turnup
1)appear出现,露面
他到目前还没有出现。
He__________________sofar.
你总是迟到!
(做事慢慢吞吞的)
You’realways__________lateforeverything!
2)调大声音,把...开大点儿
请把火调大一点。
Please_________thefire.
相关短语:
turndown关小,拒绝
turnoff关掉
turnon打开
turnout结果是
turntosb.forhelp向某人求助
18.keepone’sword守信用,遵守诺言
breakone’sword违背诺言
inaword简言之
inotherwords换句话说
haveawordwithsb.与某人交谈
havewordswithsb.(aboutsth.)关于某事与某人争吵
我想和你谈一下。
I’dliketo___________withyou.
Agentlemanshouldalways__his__.
A.keeps;word
B.keep;word
C.keeps;words
D.keep;words
19.holdone’sbreath屏息
当那个女孩看到那条蛇的时候,她屏住呼吸。
Thegirl_____________atthesightofthesnake.
takebreath呼吸
loseone’sbreath=beoutofbreath喘不过气来
breathev.breathn.
Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,wewerenearly_________.
•A.underourbreathB.lostourbreath
•C.caughtourbreathD.outofbreath
20.apologize道歉
apologizetosbfor(doing)sth
=saysorrytosbfordoingsth
你必须为你的粗鲁行为向老师道歉。
Youmustapologize_______theteacher________beingsorude.
apologyn.
makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth.
21.drown(drowned,drowned)浸、泡,淹没,淹死
洪水淹没了街道和房子。
Thefloods___________thestreetsandhouses.
借…消愁
drownone’ssorrow/sadnessin…
drownone’ssorrow/sadnessincoffee
Franktriedtosavethe___________girlintheriver,butunfortunatelyhewas_______.
A.drowned;drowningB.drowning;drowned
C.drowned;drownedD.drowning;drowning
22.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...
obviousadj.明显的,清楚的
▲It+be+obvious+that-clause
Itwasobviousthatshewasindanger.
23.wipe(wiped,wiped)
Vt擦,擦去
•wipeoff 抹掉,擦掉
•wipeup 擦干净,歼灭
Thestudentsonduty____________theblackboardduringbreak.
A.WipedthewordsoffB.washed
C.CleanedD.AandC
cleantheblackboard
wipethewordsofftheblackboard
24.remindsb.ofsth提醒某人某事
remindsb.todosth
remindsb.that…
1)他提醒我那个承诺。
Heremindedmeofmypromise.
2)他提醒我要早起。
Heremindedmetogetupearly.
3)他提醒我本应该小心点。
HeremindedthatIshouldhavebeenmorecareful.
25.AsLiFangsetoffforhome,hethought...
setoff:
动身,出发;(侧重去某一个地方);使(地雷、炸弹)爆炸;
TomandhisfathersetoffforAmericayesterday.
Thebombsetoffamongthecrowd.
相关短语:
setaboutdoingsth.
= setouttodosth着手(做某事)
26.用custom,practice和habit
1)Ihavethe_______ofgettingupearly.
2)Itisthe________fortheJapanesetotakeofftheirshoeswhentheygetintoahall.
3)Social___________differfromcountrytocountry.
4)Hemakesa_________ofcheatingatexaminations.
5)Weshouldpay_______whenweimportfromabroad.
#.custom指传统风俗、习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接不定式。
#.practice习俗,惯例;与custom近义,但含贬义。
makeapracticeof…惯常做某事。
#.habit生活习惯,后接ofdoing,不可接不定式。
选词填空:
worldwide/permission/apologize/drown/sadness/wipe/weep/forgive/obvious/turnup/keepone’sword/holdone’sbreath/setoff/remind…of…
1)Youshouldn’ttellsuchlies.
2)Theyenteredtheareawithout.
3)Thepoormanishissorrows.
4)Hisfameis.
5)Themanshouldtoyouforknockingyoudown.
6)Hecan’thimselffornotseeinghismotherbeforeshedied.
7)Heisalwayswaitingforsomethingto.
8)Thechildrenarefireworksinthegarden.
9)Youmaydependonwhathesays,forheisapersonwhoalways.
10)Theracewassoclosethateveryonewasatthefinish.
11)ThefilmhimwhathehadseeninChina.
选用下列单词的正确形式填空:
ancestorbeliefgatheragriculturaladmire
awardstarvemean
1.Shehasbeena_______ascholarshiptostudyatHarvard.
2.Thea_______ofwhomIamproudestismygreatgrandfather.
3.Whenaboyleavescollegeandbeginstoearnmoney,hecanlivealifeofi____________.
4.Dar