时态讲解与练习1.docx

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时态讲解与练习1.docx

时态讲解与练习1

 

英语时态用共有十六种时态,其中初中阶段常考的有9种,它们是:

一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。

1、一般现在时

1)概念

一般现在时表示现在的状态,特征;客观事实;普遍真理或格言,警句;习惯性或经常性动作

Sheisateacher(20yearsold/beautiful).(状态,特征)

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.(客观事实)

ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.(客观事实)

Practicemakesperfect.(普遍真理)

Pridegoesbeforeafall.(格言,警句)

Wecometoschoolatseveneveryday.(习惯性动作)

Healwaysgoestoworkbybus.(经常性动作)

2)构成

带有be(am,is,are)动词的一般现在时:

S.+be(am,is,are)+其它.

带有行为动词(实意动词)的一般现在时.

A:

S.+行为动词原形+其它.(主语是除了第三人称以外的所有人称)

B:

S.(单三)+行为动词(s/es)+其它.

3)一般现在时的用法

常与often,always,usually,sometimes,hardlyever,never,everyday(month,week,year),onSundays,onceaweek等表示频度的时间状语连用。

Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.

Jackbrusheshisteethtwiceaday.

Thestudentsborrowbooksfromthelibraryeverymonth.

ItoftenrainsheavilyinSeptember.

Youalwayshandinyourhomeworklate.

Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?

Lisaneverwalkstowork.Sheoftendriveshercarthere.

在if,assoonas,until,when,before引导的状语从句中。

多用在以下结构中:

主句+将来时,从句+一般现在时

主句+过去时,从句+过去时

Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothecinema.

I’lltellhimthenewsassoonas/whenhecomesback.

Itoldhimthenewsassoonashecamebackyesterday.

Hewon’tgotobeduntilhefinisheshishomeworktonight.

Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomeworklastnight.

Babiescrawlbeforetheycanwalk.

*Helenalwaysmakessnowmenwhenitsnowsinwinter.

在宾语从句中,主句是过去时,但从句是表示客观事实时,从句谓语仍用一般现在时。

Shesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.

其他使用一般现在时的句子。

Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.

Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.

Hereyouare.

(按时刻表和日程安排好的事,多用一般现在时。

常用的动词有come,go,start,stop,leave,arrive)

Thetrainleavesatnineinthemorning.

Theplaneleavesat10:

30andarrivesinParisat11:

30.

Theferrysailsat10a.m.everyday.

4)练习:

把下列句子变成否定句或疑问句。

1.Theygetupearly.(否定)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2.Sueworksfrom9to5.(疑问)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………

3.Schoolfinishesat2o’clock.(否定)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….…….………

4.Theydotheirhomeworkintheafternoon.(疑问)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………....……

5.Laragoestoprivateclasses.(否定)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….……

6.Timusesthecomputertodohishomework.(疑问)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………..…

7.Ilistentotheradiobeforegoingtobed.(否定)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..…………

对划线部分提问。

1.Stellafinishesherworkat7pm.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….…….

2.Petertakesthebustoschooleverymorning.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

3.Myoldersisterhelpsmumdothecleaning.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…...

4.Davegoestotheparkwithhisfriends.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….……………..…

5.Shestudiesherlessonsafterlunch.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.Hedoesn’twatchTVwhenhehastostudy.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

7.Theymeettheirfriendsinthepub.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………

8.Shedoesthecleaningtwiceaweek.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………..

根据正确的时态,用以下的动词填空。

go–start–have–finish–listen–get–meet-make-wake–leave

arrive–buy-watch

Mary_______upat7.She________ashowerbeforebreakfast.Afterbreakfast,she_________dressedand_________thehousefortheoffice.Mary_________workat9andusually__________at5.At12,she__________herfriendsatthecafeteriatohavelunch.Afterwork,she___________somefoodatthesupermarket.She__________homeat6and__________dinner.AfterdinnerMary_________TVor_________totheradio.She__________tobedat11.

2、现在进行时

1)概念:

表示现在正在进行或某个时间点正在进行的动作。

2)构成:

be+V.ing(现在分词)

一般动词直接+ingtalk–talkinggo–goingmix-mixing

以不发音e结尾的词,去e+ing

come-comingtake-takinggive–givinghave–havinglive-living

注意:

die-dyinglie-lyingtie–tying

重读闭音节词,要双写最后一个辅音字母+ing

runningstoppingswimmingbeginningcuttingdropping

planningkiddingpreferringbabysitting

3)现在进行时的用法

在句中出现now,atthemoment,atpresent,rightnow,Look!

Listen!

等词或词组时要用进行时。

Sandraisplayinggolfintheparkrightnow.

Lisaisdrinkinganicecupofteaatthemoment.

Look!

Benisexercisingatthegym.Hewantstokeepfit.

Bequiet!

Thebabyissleeping.

Stopshouting!

Iamtryingtodomyhomework

用进行时问,进行时答;或根据上下文判断。

--Whatareyoudoing?

--Iamreading.

PeterishittingDavewithapillow.Heisareallynaughtyboy.

Let’sgohome!

Wearenothavingagoodtimeattheparty.

有特定时间时,要用进行时。

It’s7:

30a.m.Iamhavingbreakfast.

动词go,come,leave,arrive,move,fly,travel,die(dying)可用它们的进行时态来表示一般将来时。

I’mvisitinghimnextweek.

She’scomingtomorrow.

TheyareleavingonFriday.

AnnistravellingtoParisnextweek.

ThevisitorsfromKoreaareleavingforBeijingsoon.

Iammovingtoanotherhousebecausethisoneistoosmall.

while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时。

TonyissleepingwhilehissisteriswatchingTV.

4)练习:

写出下列动词的现在分词形式。

study__________watch__________run__________sit___________

fly____________ask___________lie__________dance_________

see___________listen__________cook__________ride__________

jog___________stop___________win__________travel_________

put___________write__________buy__________begin__________

say___________leave__________make__________get__________

eat___________swim___________cut___________drive_________

die___________shop___________tie___________skate_________

把下列句子变成否定句或疑问句。

1.Anniswritingtoherparents.(疑问)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………

2.StellaandIarewatchingthenewsonTV.(否定)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………

3.Heishavingarestinhisbedroom.(疑问)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………

4.Mumismakingdinnerinthekitchen.(否定)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………..…

5.JohnandPeterareridingtoschool.(疑问)

…………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

6.Theyarevisitingtheirgrandparents.(否定)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

对划线部分提问。

1.Mymotherislookingforhersunglasses.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

2.Theyaremeetingtheirfriendsat10pm.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………

3.Daveisphoninghisgirlfriendtogotothezoo.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..……

4.Pamisbuyingapresentforherdad.

……………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………

5.Mysisteristakingthedogforawalk.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………

6.Heisn’tcomingwithusbecausehe’sbusy.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

7.I’mgoingtothepooltomorrowmorning.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………..………

8.Sheistravellingbyplane.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………

3、一般将来时

1)概念:

表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。

Iwillcallyouthisafternoon.

Somedaypeoplewillgotothemoon.

Heisgoingtotravelaroundtheworldnextyear.

2)构成

begoingto+动词原形

will(shall)+动词原形

be+V.ing(现在分词)

3)一般将来时的用法

tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextweek(month,year,Sunday),thisevening,tonight,in+一段时间(inafewdays),inthefuture,soon,beforelong,someday(某一天)等连用。

MaryandLindaaregoingtopickupapplesthisafternoon.

Weshallgofortheconcerttomorrowevening.

OurteacherwillgiveusanEnglishtestnextweek.

Mybosswillbebackintwodays.

begoingto+V.--计划,打算,考虑,准备好要做的事情,或有什么迹象表明要发生的事

will(shall)+V.--未经事先考虑的事

Heistootired,soheisgoingtochangehisjob.

Lookatthatbrokentileonthewall.Itisgoingtofalldownsoon.

Thereissomebodyatthedoor.Iwillgoandopenit.

Mygrandfatherwillbe80yearsoldnextmonth.

动词go,come,leave,arrive,move,fly,travel,start,return等可用进行时表将来。

ThevisitorsfromKoreaareleavingforBeijingsoon.

Iammovingtoanotherhousebecausethisoneistoosmall.

WearevisitingSuenextweekend.

They’regoingtothezootomorrow.

beto+V.表示有职责,义务,可能,约定

beaboutto+V.表示马上,很快作某事。

Heistocomeheretonight.(他今晚即将来这。

Thenewtermisabouttobegin.(新学期即将开始。

我们使用以下这些结构来表示对将来的预测:

I'msure,Ithink,Iexpect,Ihope,Isuppose,I'mafraid,Ipromise,probably,perhaps,possibly,surely.

Sueistrainingveryhard.I’msureshewillgetanewworldrecord.

I’mafraidIwillfailthemathsexam.

Tellmeyoursecret.IpromiseI’llkeepit.

在if,assoonas,until,when,before引导的状语从句中。

多用以下结构中

主句+将来时,从句+一般现在时

I’llphoneJohnifyougivemehisnumber.

IfPeterarriveslateatthemeeting,hisbosswillbeveryangrywithhim.

表示委婉请求或建议

ShallI(we)…?

/Would(Will)youplease…?

ShallIhaveanothercake?

I’mstillhungry.

Willyoupleaseopenthedoor?

It’stoohothere.

Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradio?

It’stoonoisy.

4)练习:

用所给词的正确时态填空。

1.I…………………………(take)mygirlfriendtothetheatretomorrow.

2.Myfriends……………………………(play)atWimbledon(温布尔顿)nextsummer.

3.--How…………………you………………………(get)tothepartytonight?

--I……………………(go)therebycar.I………………………………(drive)myself.

4.Maryoften………………………………(have)apicnicwithherfamilyonSunday.

5.Tom……………………..………(go)tothedentistintheafternoon.

6.Thesalesusually……………………..…………(start)onJuly20th.

7.Dan…………………………(meet)hisfriendsattheswimmingpoolat4.

8.In

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