高中语法专题之宾语从句有答案.docx
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高中语法专题之宾语从句有答案
教学内容
宾语从句
教学目标
宾语从句的时态、语序
宾语从句
1.宾语：
动作动词的作用对象。
Iloveyou.
HelikesEnglish.
2.宾语从句：
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
例句：
Ithink（that）youshouldstudyhard.
主句连接词从句
HeaskedmewhereIhadputhisbook.
主句连接词从句
构成：
主句+连接词+从句
Exercise1
画出下列句子的宾语从句
（1）Weknowthatweshouldkeeptheearthclean.
（2）Iknowthatheliveshere.
（3）Wedon’tknowifourteacherwillattendthemeeting.
（4）HeaskedmewhichcoatIlikedbest.
1.that引导的宾语从句
Ihope（that）itwillsnowthiswinter.
说明：
当谓语动词是表示“希望、相信、知道、说”等肯定概念的动词时，比如：
believe,expect,explain,feel,hear,hope,imagine,prefer,promise,report,say,tell,think,stand,warn,wish，其后面的句子一般用that引导。
that没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。
多数情况下that可以省略。
例如：
Ibelieve（that）shecandoit.
Bettythinks（that）treescanimprovetheair.
注意：
在以下情况中that不能省略
（1） 当句中的动词后接两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：
He said （that） you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
（2） 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
例句：
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat.
（3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
拓展：
许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。
例句：
I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.
例句：
I can’t tell him that his mother died.
2.whether/if引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句表达不确定的概念（一般疑问句）时,用if/whether引导,意为“是否”。
例如:
Maryaskedusif/whetherwewouldgoswimmingontheweekend.
whether与if通常情况下可以互换,但在下列情况下通常用whether而不用if
①从句后有ornot的情况
TheteacherasksmewhetherIhavefinishedmyhomeworkornot.
②从句前有介词的情况
MyparentsaretalkingaboutwhetherwewillgotoHongKongfortraveling.
③在动词不定式之前只能用whether
Ican'tdecidewhethertostay.
3.疑问词引导的宾语从句
Iwanttoknowwhathewilldonext.
疑问代词：
who（谁）, whom（谁）, whose（谁的）, what（什么）, which（哪一个）
特殊疑问词
疑问副词：
when（什么时间）, where（什么地点）, why（为什么）, how（怎么样）
♦疑问词引导的宾语从句在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
例如:
Idon’tknowwhenhewillgethome.
HeaskedmewhereIlived.
Exercise2
（）1.I can’t understand ________ he likes computer games so much.
A. that B. whether C. why D. where
（）2.---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know________ it will arrive?
---Usually it comes by 4:
00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
（）3.It’s up to you to decide_______you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
（）4. We’ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know__________ Tom will come and join usornot.
A. whether B. which C. what D. If
（）5. — What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend?
— OK. But I’m not sure__________ it will rain.
A. why B. where C. when D. whether
（）6. — Do you know __________the girl in white is?
— I’m not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.
A. how B. who C. what D. where
（）7.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B. how C. if D.what
（）8.I was told ________ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
宾语从句三要素：
引导词、时态、语序
宾语从句中的时态
1.主现从不限
whenyougotupyesterday.昨天什么时候起床
Iwonderwhenyougetupeveryday.每天几点到校
whenyouwillstarttomorrow.明天几点出发
ifhehasbeentoBeijing.是否去过北京
2.主过从四过
e.g.whatyourfavoriteactivitywas.从一般过去时
Iknewwhathewasdoing.从过去进行时
myfatherwouldgotoBeijingnextweek.从过去将来时
hehadfinishedhishomework.从过去完成时
3.当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。
e.g.Ourteachersaidthemoonmovesaroundthesun.
Exercise3
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.Wearesurethathe________（go）toschooltomorrow.
2.Doyouknowwho______（be）thefirstmantowalkonthemoon?
3.Couldyoutellmewherethepostoffice______（is）?
4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______（will）buyanewcomputer.
5.Ihearthathe_______（swim）intheseayesterday.
6.Shedoesn’tknowwhether________（go）orwait.
宾语从句中的语序
例如:
Canyoutelluswhereyourfatherworks?
Doyouknowwhattheboyisdoing?
否定转移:
当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,imagine,expect等词时，宾语从句中的否定词常常转移到主句中，译为汉语时，仍把从句翻译成否定的意思。
否定转移句的主语一般是第一人称。
如：
Idon’tbelievethathewilldosuchasillything.我相信她不会做如此愚蠢的事。
特殊情况：
当连接词在从句中担当主语时，保持原有语序不变。
whatisthematterwithhim.
Iwonder
whatiswrongwithit.
Exercise4
（）1.—Where do you think ________ he ________ the computer?
—Sorry,I have no idea.
A.／；bought B. has；bought C. did；buy D. does；buy
（）2.—I wonder ________. —Zebras.
A. what do they call these animals B. how they call these animals
C. what they call these animals D. how do they call these animals
（）3. I want to know .
A. what was his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
（）4.Jim doesn’t understand .
A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
（）5.Would you please tell me next, Mr Wang?
A. what should we do B. we should do what
C. what we should do D. should we do what
（）6.You can’t imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
（）7.—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder__________.
A. who the letter was from B. who was from the letter
C. who was the letter from D. who from the letter was
（）8.Could you tell me__________?
A. where is the headmaster B. whose camera it is
C. what Jack was happened D. how long does it take you to the aquarium
（）9.— Can you tell me __________?
— With Lucy’s help.
A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so well
C. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so well
（）10.— Excuse me. Could you tell me __________?
— In the supermarket.
A. where I can buy this kind of CD player B. where can I buy this kind of CD player
C. if I can buy this kind of CD player D. if can I buy this kind of CD player
宾语从句的简化
1.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如：
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。
如：
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。
如：
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？
→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation？
将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.
Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.
2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.
Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.
3．Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.
Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.
4．CantheyspeakFrench?
Iwanttoknow.
Iwanttoknow___________________________French.
5．Arethechildrenplayinggames?
Tellme.
Tellme______thechildren____________games.
6．Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?
Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.
Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.
7．Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?
Whoknows?
Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?
8．Wheredidsheparkhercar?
Doyouknow?
Doyouknow______________hercar?
9．Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?
Thegirlwondered.
Thegirlwondered__________often________about.
10．Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?
Idon’tknow.
Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.
11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?
Idon'tknow.
Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.
12.What'shisname?
Iaskedhim.
Iaskedhimwhat_______________.
13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?
Pleasetellme.
Pleasetellme__________________________________.
14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?
Heaskedtheboys.
Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.
15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?
Idon'tknow.
Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.Wearesurethathe________（go）toschooltomorrow.
2.Doyouknowwho______（be）thefirstmantowalkonthemoon?
3.Couldyoutellmewherethepostoffice______（is）?
4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______（will）buyanewcomputer.
5.Ihearthathe_______（swim）intheseayesterday.
6.Thelittleboytellsuswherehisfather_______（work）.
7.Hesaidthathe_________（finish）hisworkalready.
8.Theythoughttheycould_______（hike）tothetopofthemountain.
9.Hewasgladthatsomanypeople_____（help）him.
10.Shedoesn’tknowwhether________（go）orwait.
综合训练
七选五
Healthyhabitsforlivinglonger
Bykeepingyourdailyhabitshealthy,youcanaddyearstoyourlife.Herearesometipsforlivinglonger.
Keepdailyhabitshealthy.Manyofusaresetinourdailyhabits.Weeatthesamemeal,wearthesameclothes,takethesameroutetoworkandworkthesameoldjob.Butwhatwesometimesfailtorecognizeisthehugeinfluencethatourdailyhabitscanhaveonourhealth.Itisveryimportantforustokeepourdailyhabitshealthy.（6）____
Takesomeexerciseeveryday.Dailyexercisedoesimproveourhealth.Infact,studiesshowthatdailyexercisecanaddthreeyearstoourlife.Opportunityforexerciseiseverywhere—justbecreative.Wheneverwecan,walktowork.（7）____It’sreallythatsimple.
Eatahealthybreakfast.Researchersha
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