英语划分句子成分练习题.docx

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英语划分句子成分练习题

英语划分句子成分练习题

  在世界经济飞速发展的今天,英语已经是一种不可少的语言之一,所以我们必须掌握好这门语言。

中学英语教学尤为关键,因为这个阶段对培养一个学生真正地学会并掌握这门语言有着不可取代的作用。

以下是本人为大家精心准备的:

英语划分句子成分练习题,欢迎参考阅读!

  英语划分句子成分练习题一

  

(一)句子成分的定义:

构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

  

(二)主语:

主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如:

  Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名词)

  WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代词)

  One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.(数词)Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)

  Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(动名词)

  Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名词化的形容词)

  WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主语从句)

  Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

  (三)谓语:

谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:

  1、简单谓语:

由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:

Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

  2、复合谓语:

(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如:

Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.

  

(2)由系动词加表语构成。

如:

Wearestudents.

  (四)表语:

表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。

表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。

例如:

  OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名词)

  Isityours?

(代词)

  Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容词)

  Thespeechisexciting.(分词)

  Threetimessevenistwentyone?

(数词)

  HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)

  Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.(动名词)

  Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介词短语)

  Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副词)

  Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表语从句)

  (五)宾语:

宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

例如:

  Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

  Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代词)

  Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?

Ihavefive.(数词)

  Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词)

  Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语)

  Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语)

  Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句)

  宾语种类:

(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:

Lendmeyourdictionary,please.

(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:

Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.

  (六)宾语补足语:

英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。

带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:

某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。

宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

例如:

HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名词)

  Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容词)

  Letthefreshairin.(副词)

  Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短语)Wesawherenteringtheroom.(现在分词)

  Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介词短语)Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(从句)

  (七)定语:

修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。

定语可由以下等成分表示:

  Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容词)

  Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分词)

  Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名词)HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代词)

  Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短语)

  Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(动名词)HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介词短语)

  (八)状语:

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。

可由以下形式表示:

  Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组)

  Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介词短语)

  Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语)

  Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语)Waitaminute.(名词)

  Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)

  状语种类如下:

  Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?

(时间状语)

  Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)

  Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)

  MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)

  Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)

  Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)

  Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)

  Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)

  英语划分句子成分练习题:

强化训练

  一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

  1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.

  2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.

  3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.

  4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

  5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

  6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.

  7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

  8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.

  9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.

  10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.

  11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.

  12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.

  13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.

  14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?

  15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

  16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?

  17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.

  18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

  19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.

  20.Theapplestastedsweet.

  二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):

Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoon

  workingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploys

  moremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.

  三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语

  (—)、状语(=)、补语(~):

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!

Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourletteryou

  askedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?

Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.

  四、选择填空:

  ()1.____willleaveforBeijing.

  A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow

  C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow

  ()2.Theweather____.

  A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold

  ()3.Theappletasted____.

  A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet

  ()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.

  A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter

  ()5.Theactor______attheageof70.

  A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded

  ()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.

  A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we

  ()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.

  A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly

  ()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.

  A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis

  ()9.Thedog____mad.

  A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked

  ()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.

  A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where练习一:

  一、1、主语,定语;2、间接宾语;3、谓语,状语;4、定语;5、状语,状语;6、定语,表语;7、宾语,状语;8、谓语,主语;9、谓语;10、主语,表语;11、谓语,宾语;12、状语;13、形式宾语,真正宾语;14、宾语、定语;15、插入语,状语;16、宾语(间宾+直宾);17、状语,状语;18、形式主语,表语,宾补;19、宾补;20、表语

  二、略

  三、略

  四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB

  练习二:

  一、1、简单句;2、复合句;3、简单句;4、简单句;5、并列句;

  6、复合句;7、并列句;8、复合句;9、简单句;10、简单句

  二、

  Ihopeyouareverywell(复合句).I'mfine,buttired(简单句).RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(简单句).Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(简单句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat(并列复合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm(简单句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim(复合句).Buthe

  employsmoremenfortheharvest(简单句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(简单句).Itdoesn'toftenraininthe

  summerhere(简单句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden(简单句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell(简单句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden(简单句).

  MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(简单句).Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(简单句).Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside(简单句).It'sgreat(简单句)!

Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion(简单句).Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer(简单句).Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(复合句).InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates(简单句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(简单句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(简单句).HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(简单句)?

Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep(简单句).Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents(简单句).

  三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD

;

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