新高考高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型二推理判断题练习新人教版.docx

新高考高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型二推理判断题练习新人教版.docx

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新高考高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型二推理判断题练习新人教版

题型二　推理判断题

语篇出处：

2019年全国卷Ⅱ·B篇　语篇类型：

记叙文　主题语境：

志愿服务

“Youcanusemeasalastresort（选择）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.

Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtug_at_the_heartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.”

I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforendofseasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.

Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:

Connectingtothecommunity（社区）asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.

Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies？

1.WhatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinParagraph1？

A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.

B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.

C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.

D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inParagraph2mean？

A.Encourageteamwork.B．Appealtofeelings.

C.Promotegooddeeds.D．Provideadvice.

3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromParagraph3？

A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.

B.Sheisproudofherkids.

C.She'llworkforanotherseason.

D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.

4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？

A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.

B.Itmakesherveryhappy.

C.Itenableshertoworkhard.

D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.

题1：

题干中关键词是“herreplyinParagraph1”，由文章第一句“Youcanusemeasalastresort（选择）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”可知，家长让把她当作最后的选择，如果没有其他人当志愿者，那么她就去。

由此可推断出这位家长不想去当志愿者。

选C。

题2：

第一段提到一个家长不愿意去当志愿者。

由画线处所在句的上一句“Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.”可知这位家长需要被劝说。

下文作者提到有四个孩子的单亲妈妈主持了这个节目，一位孩子不在此队的父亲担任长曲棍球队的教练……由此可知，作者是为了以情动人。

选B。

题3：

题干中关键词是“abouttheparentfromParagraph3”，由第三段中的“Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.”这一细节可知，这位家长成了一个好帮手。

选D。

题4：

题干中关键词为“Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？

”。

文章中提到“Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.”，与B项中信息相匹配。

选B。

考法1　推断细节类——“揣摩推敲”法

典例片段　（2019·湖南师大附中模考）Whenearlyautomobilesfirstarrivedonthesceneinthelate19thcentury,fewpeoplecouldhaveimaginedthattheywouldonedaytakeovertheworld.Infact,sometownsoftheUnitedStatesfoundthenoiseandexhaustfromthesenovel“horselesscarriages”sodisgustingthatearlycarswereactuallyforbiddenthere.

...

Sowhatislifelikeinplacewhereoneofthemostpowerfulinventionsinhistoryhasbeenbanned?

Well,it'squitenice,actually....Theyalsosaveahugeamountofmoneythatwouldnormallygotocommuting（往来）bycars.

Whatcanweinferfromthetext？

A.Earlycarswerefirstshownonthestage.

B.Cars'popularitywasexpectedatfirst.

C.Carsweredescribedinanovelasdisgusting.

D.Earlycarswereknownascarriageswithouthorses.

第一步　题干定位：

题干中的关键词是infer，是推断细节题。

第二步　锁定信息：

首段信息“earlyautomobilesfirstarrived”“novel‘horselesscarriages’”和“earlycars”。

第三步　分析对比：

最早的汽车被看作没有马的四轮车。

与选项D中信息匹配，故选D。

考法2　推断观点态度类——“褒贬措辞”法

典例片段（2019·青岛模考）DuringAmsterdam'schaoticrushhour,nineyearoldLottaCrokcyclestoaverybusyjunction....

Lottaisthefirstjuniorcyclemayorintheworld....

ButchildrenwhocycleinAmsterdamfacechallenges,...

LottabecamejuniorcyclemayorinJunelastyearwhenshewonacontest...

SinceLottawasappointedjuniorcyclemayor,....

Sheisnowplanningameetingwiththecity'smayortodiscussideas....

FollowingthesuccessoftheAmsterdamscheme,cyclemayorsaroundtheworldarenowplanningtoappointjuniorcolleagues.“Theyseeitworksreallywell，”Boerma,theseniormajor,says.“Italktotheparents,Lottatalkstothechildren.Andifyoulookatthecitythroughtheeyesofachild,youwillalsomakeitaccessibleforothers.Acitythat'sgoodforaneightyearoldisalsogoodforan88yearold.”

What'sBoerma'sattitudetothejuniorcyclemayor？

A.Cautious.B．Favorable.

C.Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.

第一步　题干定位：

题干中的关键词是Boerma，可以定位到最后一段引号里的内容。

第二步　锁定信息：

文中信息是“worksreallywell”和“Acity...isalsogood...”。

显然是赞同的。

第三步　对比选项：

Cautious“谨慎的”；Favorable“赞成的”；Ambiguous“模糊的”；Disapproving“不赞成的”。

故选B。

考法3　推断写作意图类——“意图推断”法

典例片段　（2019·上海嘉定模考）Thisstrangelittleboyman,neverseparatedfromatindrumheisalwaysbanging,isourheroofthetable...

ThisisanoverviewofthestoryofTheTinDrum,themostfamousworkbytheGermanNobelwinningauthorGünterGrass,whopassedawayonApril13attheageof87.TheTinDrumalsoestablishedGrassasoneoftheleadingauthorsofGermany...Hewascalled“Germany'sconscience”，becauseheremindedGermansofapastduringtheSecondWorldWar（1933—1945）thatmanywouldhaveratherforgotten.

Thissometimesmadehimunpopular...

Grasswasamanofthepenandthepageandalsoamanwithagiftforspeakingtothepublic.

Hiswritingwasnoisyandannoying,butonehadtolistentoit,alittlelikethesoundofthedrumbangedbyhismostfamousliterarycreation.

Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthearticle？

A.ToanalyzewhathasmadeTheTinDrumsopopularinGermany.

B.TointroducethereaderstoGünterGrassandhismostfamouswork.

C.TopresentthehistoryofGermanythroughthepenandpageofGrass.

D.TogivesomebackgroundinformationaboutGrass'searlylifeasawriter.

第一步　主旨大意：

开篇提到一个敲鼓的小男孩GünterGrass。

第二步　锁定信息：

第二段提到GünterGrass的成名作和作品风格；第三段提到他并不受人欢迎；最后一段总结他的写作手法就像敲鼓发出的声音一样。

第三步　分析对比：

该文章属于人物传记类，描述的是GünterGrass和他的作品。

与选项B中信息一致，故选B。

考法4　文章出处题——“对号入座”法

典例片段（2018·全国卷Ⅱ，B篇）ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarerichinvitaminC.

...

Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？

A.Abiologytextbook.

B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.

D.Atravelbrochure.

第一步　首段描述：

这些来自不列颠哥伦比亚省土地上的色彩鲜艳的甜甜的宝贝就是营养保护的小集团。

第二步　锁定信息：

关键词：

草莓、蓝莓、樱桃，维生素、蛋白质、抗氧化物质。

第三步　分析推断：

应该是来自于健康和营养相关的书，即健康杂志，故选B。

（2019·郑州一中模考）语篇类型：

说明文　主题语境：

自然灾害

Thereisalwayssomethingthathappensintheworldthateveryonefearswillhappentotheirtown,cityorcountry:

naturaldisasters.Thescariestpartofitisthatnoonewilleverseeitcoming.Thoughtechnologyhelpsusprepare,butitneveractuallytellsthepeoplewhenit'sgoingtohit.Itisalwaysestimatedbuttheresultisnever100%accurate.

However,thatisnotthepointofthisarticle.Twodifferentnaturaldisastersintwodifferentpartsoftheworldhavehappenedinthepastfewweeks.OnewasamajorfloodthathashitLouisianaintheUnitedStates.TheotherwasanearthquakethathitAmatrice,Italy.However,thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies.

AsforthefloodinginLouisiana,itisreportedthatthisdisasteristheworsttohittheUnitedStatessinceSuperstormSandyandit'llcostatleast$30million.Inonlythefirstcoupleofweeks,13peoplehaddied.However,likeme,manypeopledidnothearaboutthistragicevent.Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.

InItaly,however,itcoveredallmediainstantly.TheearthquakeinItalyhappenedonTuesdaymorning.Thatsameday,IwasonTwitterandthatwasallthatwasoverthenewsfeed.Everyotherpostwasabouttheearthquake.SomewouldhavetheopinionthatAmatrice,Italywasoneofthemostbeautifultownsinthatcountry.Igotindeepsorrowbecausethereweremorepeoplekilledinthisquakethantheflooding.Sofar,theyhaveatotalof73deadandoveronehundredmissing.

IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.Weareoneworldunitedandshouldbethereforallofthepeoplewhoareinneedofhelp.Wemaynotbeabletoaccuratelypredictdisastersbut,wecansurelylendahandoutfortheneedy.

篇章导读：

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了两个不同的地方发生的不同自然灾害，但是对其报道却是不同的。

作者认为自然灾害无大小，应该让人们及时知晓，这样人们就可以向受害者伸出援助之手。

1.Whatreallyconcernstheauthoraboutthetwonaturaldisasters？

A.Thedeathandtheinjured.

B.Themediareport.

C.Thegovernment'sresponsibility.

D.Theirecon