秋高中英语人教版必修一单元质量评估Unit5.docx
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秋高中英语人教版必修一单元质量评估Unit5
单元质量评估（五）
（时间：
100分钟 满分：
120分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
FlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoungshetooklessonsinmusicanddrawing，andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.
Asachildshefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.
Atlasthermindwasmadeup.“I'mgoingtobeanurse，”shedecided.
“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady，”herfathertoldher.
“ThenIwillmakeitso，”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，Florencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854shewentwithagroupofthirty－eightnursestothefronthospitals.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.Butthebravenursewenttowork.
Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes，beds，medicineandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasinsmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.
AftershereturnedtoEngland，shewashonouredforherservicesbyQueenVictoria．ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth，whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.
FlorenceNightingalediedattheageofninety，stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.
Indeed，itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的感人事迹及其生平。
1．Whenshewasachild，Florence________．
A．lovedtotravelverymuch
B．knewwhatherdutyinlifewas
C．lovedtohelpthesickpeople
D．wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawing
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段“Asachildshefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.”可知C项为正确选项。
答案：
C
2．WhatmadeFlorencemakeuphermindtobecomeanurse?
A．Herfather'ssupport.
B．Herdesiretohelpthesick.
C．HereducationinGermanyandFrance.
D．Herknowledgefromreadinggreatbooks.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段可知她喜欢帮助生病的人，故选B。
答案：
B
3．DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，Florenceservedinthefronthospitalswhere________．
A．sheearnedalittlemoney
B．workwasverydifficult
C．fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherwork
D．shedidn'thaveenoughfoodorclothes
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第五段的“Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseen－andsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.”可知工作很艰苦，故选B。
答案：
B
4．Thepassagecanbestbedescribedas________．
A．thelifestoryofafamouswoman
B．adescriptionofthenursingwork
C．anexampleofsuccessfuleducation
D．thehistoryofnursinginEngland
解析：
主旨大意题。
本文主要介绍了一名伟大的护士南丁格尔的生平。
故选A。
答案：
A
B
Iwasinaterriblemood.Twoofmyfriendshadgonetothemoviesthenightbeforeandhadn'tinvitedme.Iwasinmyroomthinkingofwaystomakethemsorrywhenmyfathercamein.“Wanttogoforaridetoday，Beck？
It'sabeautifulday.”
“No！
Leavemealone！
”ThosewerethelastwordsIsaidtohimthatmorning.
Myfriendscalledandinvitedmetogotothemallwiththemafewhourslater.Iforgottobemadatthemandwentwiththem.Icamehometofindanoteonthetable.MymotherputitwhereIwouldbesuretoseeit.“Dadhashadanaccident.PleasemeetusatHighlandParkHospital.”
WhenIreachedthehospital，mymothercameoutandtoldmemyfather'sinjurieswereextensive.“Yourfathertoldthedrivertoleavehimaloneandjustcall911，thankGod！
IfhehadmovedDaddy，there'snotellingwhatmighthavehappened.Abrokenrib（肋骨）mighthavepierced（穿透）alung...”
Mymothermayhavesaidmore，butIdidn'thear.Ididn'thearanythingexceptthoseterriblewords：
Leavemealone.Mydadsaidthemtosavehimselffrombeinghurtmore.HowmuchhadIhurthimwhenIhurledthosewordsathimearlierintheday?
Itwasseveraldayslaterthathewasfinallyabletohaveaconversation.Iheldhishandgently，afraidofhurtinghim.
“Daddy...Iamsosorry...”
“It'sokay，sweetheart.I'llbeokey.”
“No，”Isaid，“ImeanaboutwhatIsaidtoyouthatday.Youknow，thatmorning？
”
Myfathercouldnomoretellaliethanhecouldfly.Helookedatmeandsaid，“Sweetheart，Idon'trememberanythingaboutthatday，notbefore，duringoraftertheaccident.ButIrememberkissingyougoodnightthenightbefore.”Hemanagedaweaksmile.
MyEnglishteacheroncetoldmethatwordshaveimmeasurablepower.Theycanhurtortheycanheal.Andweallhavethepowertochooseourwords.Iintendtodothatverycarefullyfromnowon.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，作者通过父亲车祸住院这件事情明白了恶语伤人这一道理。
作者因为没有得到朋友的邀请而很生气，和爸爸说话时，没有控制情绪，对爸爸很粗鲁。
得知爸爸出事之后，作者感到非常后悔，他向爸爸道了歉，爸爸没有怪作者。
最后，作者认识到，语言可以伤人也可以救人，我们应该把握分寸，不能用恶语伤人。
5．Theauthorwasinbadmoodthatmorningbecause________．
A．hecouldn'tdrivetothemallwithhisfriends
B．hisfatherhadaterribleaccident
C．hisfatherdidn'tallowhimtogooutwithhisfriends
D．hisfriendshadn'tinvitedhimtothecinema
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Twoofmyfriendshadgonetothemoviesthenightbeforeandhadn'tinvitedme.”可知，作者的两个朋友去看电影没有邀请作者，作者因此很生气，故选D项。
答案：
D
6．Whydidtheauthorsaysorrytohisfatherinthehospital?
A．Becausehewasrudetohisfatherthatmorning.
B．Becausehedidn'tgetalongwithhisfather.
C．Becausehefailedtocomeearlieraftertheaccident.
D．Becausehecouldn'tlookafterhisfatherinthehospital.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第五段中的“HowmuchhadIhurthimwhenIhurledthosewordsathimearlierintheday？
”可知，作者意识到那天早上说的气话伤害了他父亲，作者因此向父亲道歉，故选A项。
答案：
A
7．Thereasonwhytheauthor'sfathersaidheforgoteverythingaboutthatdayisthat________．
A．hehadapoormemory
B．hedidn'thearwhathissonsaid
C．helosthismemoryaftertheaccident
D．hejustwantedtocomforthisson
解析：
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中的“Sweetheart，Idon'trememberanythingaboutthatday，notbefore，duringoraftertheaccident.”可知，作者的父亲说自己已经忘记那天发生的事情是为了安慰作者才这么说的，故选D项。
答案：
D
8．WhatlessondidBecklearnfromthematter?
A．Don'thurtotherswithrudewords.
B．Don'ttreatyourparentsbadly.
C．Don'tmovetheinjuredinanaccident.
D．Don'tbeangrywithfriendsatsmallthings.
解析：
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“...wordshaveimmeasurablepower.Theycanhurtortheycanheal.Andweallhavethepowertochooseourwords.Iintendtodothatverycarefullyfromnowon.”可知，语言蕴含力量，既可伤人，也可疗伤，我们应该在合适的时候说恰当的话，不应该用恶语伤人，故选A项。
答案：
A
C
StephenHawkingwasborninOxford，Englandon8thJanuary，1942.HewenttoschoolinStAlbans—asmallcitynearLondon.Althoughhedidwell，hewasnevertopofhisclass.Afterleavingschool，HawkingwentfirsttoOxfordUniversitywherehestudiedphysics，thenhewenttoCambridgeUniversitywherehestudiedcosmology（宇宙学）．Ashehimselfadmittedhewasn'tveryseriousaboutstudying.Hewasaverylazystudent，anddidverylittlework.However，hestillachievedextremelygoodmarks.
Hawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhimattheageof20.Hestartedtobumpintothings，andoftenfelloverfornoreason.WhenhevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastime，hisfatherwassoworriedthathewassenttohospitalfortest.Finally，theresultcameback.Hawkinghadmotorneuronedisease（运动神经元病），anincurableillnesswhichcausesthemusclesofthebodytowasteaway.Doctorssaidhewoulddiebeforehewas23.
Atfirst，Hawkingbecameextremelydepressed（忧郁的）．Afterawhile，though，hebegantoseehislifeinadifferentway.Ashelaterwrote，“Beforemyillnesshadbeendiagnosed（诊断），therehadnotseemedtobeanythingworthdoing.ButshortlyafterIcameoutofhospital，IsuddenlyrealizedthattherewerealotofworthwhilethingsIcoulddo.”Hawkingmarried，foundajobatCambridgeUniversity，wherehestillworkstoday，andhadthreechildren.Healsowenttodosomeofthemostimportantscientificresearchevercarriedout.
Hisstoryshowsthatnobody，howeverbadtheirsituationis，shouldlosehope.“Lifeisnotfair，”heoncesaid.“Youjusthavetodothebestyoucaninyourownsituation.”
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了霍金的童年以及怎样面对疾病坚持自己事业的故事。
9．Asauniversitystudent，StephenHawking________．
A．workedextremelyhard
B．studiedmathsandchemistry
C．waslazyanddidverylittlework
D．onlyachievedaveragemarks
解析：
细节理解题。
由第一段倒数第二句可知答案。
答案：
C
10．Hawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhimwhen________．
A．hevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastimeoneyear
B．hewas20
C．hisfathermadehimseeadoctor
D．hewassenttohospitalfortest
解析：
细节理解题。
由第二段第一句话可知答案。
答案：
B
11．Motorneuronedisease________．
A．isnotaseriousillness
B．causesthemusclesofthebodytogrowbigger
C．cannotbecured
D．onlyaffectspeopleundertheageof23
解析：
推理判断题。
由第二段知这种疾病导致身体肌肉逐渐萎缩，医生说他在23岁之前会死掉，所以非常严重，故排除A、B、D三项。
另外，由incurable构词法也可知，curevt.“治愈”；curableadj.“可治愈的”；incurableadj.“不可治愈的”，故选C项。
答案：
C
12．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?
A．Hawking'seducation.
B．Hawking'sreaction（反应）tobeingseriouslyill.
C．Hawking'sviewsonlife.
D．DiagnosisofHawking'smotorneuronedisease.
解析：
主旨大意题。
第三段首先说霍金一听到这个诊断，非常忧郁，后来又写到他觉得生活中还有许多值得做的事情，结婚生子，继续做研究。
所以第三段主要写了听到诊断后霍金的反应，故选B项。
答案：
B
D
Ifyourdogorcatiseatinggrass，itmeansit'sgoingtorain.
False（错误的）—maybe.There'snoevidence（证据）thatwhenadogorcatiseatinggrassinthefrontyardit'sgoingtorain.Butthen，there'snoevidencethatitisn'tgoingtorain，either.Doctorsthinkdogsandcatseatgrasstohelpmaketheirstomachbetterormaybejustbecausetheylikethetasteofit.
You'llgetsickifyougooutsideincoldweatherwithwethair.
False.Youmightfeelcold，butyoucan'tcatchacoldbecauseyouwereoutsidewithwethair.
Manychurcheshavepreventedpeoplefromthrowingriceatweddings（婚礼）becausethericegrowslargerinabird'sstomachwheneaten，causingthebirdtoexpl
升级会员 