高考语法填空非谓语动词的考查 无答案.docx
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高考语法填空非谓语动词的考查无答案
语法填空中对动词非谓语的考查
【语法填空出题思路】
【学习目标】
1.分别掌握非谓语作各种成分的考点
2.掌握语法填空中常考的固定句型
3.掌握解题步骤
非谓语动词的定义
非谓语动词的判别
todo:
非谓语动词形式及作用
doing:
done:
作表语,宾补,定语,状语
非谓语动词的解题步骤
1.非谓语动词作主语
1.1动名词作主语通常表示抽象的概念,“一件事”;不定式作主语表示具体的动作,“去做什么”。
__________(Sing)ismyhobby,andtosingonmyfriend’sbirthdayismydream.
__________(finish)thetaskwilltakealongtime.
1.2常用不定式做主语的句型有:
Itisdifficult(important,necessary)forsb.todo
Itiskind(good,friendly,careless,rude,cruel,clever,foolish,brave)ofsb.todo.
1.3常用动名词做主语的句型有:
Itisnogood/use/fundoingsth.
Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.
Itisworth/worthwhiledoingsth.
【选择恰当的词作主语】
①__________alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.
A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Beinglearned
②Itisnotalwayseasy__________invitations.
A.torefuseB.refusingC.toberefusedD.beingrefused
③How__________theproblemwillbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.
A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.beingsolvedD.solving
④Isitnecessary__________thebookimmediately?
A.forhimtoreturnB.hereturnsC.hisreturningD.ofhimtoreturn
⑤Itisnogood__________(smoke).Youshouldgiveup.
2.非谓语动词作宾语
2.1常接动名词作宾语的动词V+doing
(1)常见动词:
suggest,finish,practice,avoid,miss,enjoy,imagine,admit,consider,escape,risk,mind,stand,appreciate,allow,permit,forbid,include等
(2)常见动词短语:
begoodat,leadto,giveup,lookforwardto,feellike,be/getusedto,payattentionto,befondof,putoff,keepon等
(3)常见句型:
bebusy(in)doingsth.
beworthdoing
What/Howaboutdoing...?
havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)doingsth.
2.2常接不定式作宾语的动词V+todo
(1)常见动词:
afford,agree,decide,determine,expect,aim,hope,manage,refuse,want,wish,offer,promise,pretend等
(2)能接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的动词有:
show,understand,tell,explain,teach,learn,know,ask,decide,wonder,findout等
2.3不定式和动名词作宾语的区别V+doing/todo
(1)意思相同动词:
start,begin,love,like,prefer,hate,intend,continue等.
(2)意思不同动词:
remembertodo forgettodostoptodo
rememberdoingforgetdoingstopdoing
regrettodotrytodogoontodo
regretdoingtrydoinggoondoing
meantodocan’thelptodosth
meandoingcan’thelpdoingsth
【回味经典】
(2017全国1)Theyarerequired_____________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.
(2016全国2)Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely_________(bring)yourworkhome.
Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelp_____________(persuade)intobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed.
Weexpecthim(win)anOlympicgoldmedal.
I'mlookingforwardto(see)youthissummervacation.
Ihadgreatdifficulty(find)thesuitabledeskinthatrestaurantbecausethereweresomanypeople.
MymothertoldMarytostop_________(have)abreak.
Ican'tstand_________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice,asitisnoteasy_________(talk)withher.
—MrandMrsWhiteboughtatentjustnow.
—Oh,theyareconsidering_________(go)campingthisweekend.
—Iregret_________(tell)youJohnhasbeenfired.
—Icanhardlybelievemyears.Heissuchagoodworker.
3.非谓语动词作宾补
3.1不定式作宾语补足语
(1)带to的不定式作宾补Vt.+sb./sth.+todo
advise,allow,beg,tell,ask,order,persuade,cause,force,forbid,invite,request,want,warn等。
(2)不带to的不定式作宾补Vt.+sb./sth.+do
一感
二听
三使
五看
3.2现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
(1)现在分词作宾补V+sb./sth.+doing宾语和宾补是__________关系
listento,hear(二听);see,lookat,watch,notice,observe(五看);get,keep,leave,catch,find等。
e.g.Tom'sfathersawhimsittingonthestone.
【注意】
Iheardhimsingingintheroom.
Iheardhimsingintheroom.
(2)过去分词作宾补V+sb./sth.+done宾语和宾补是__________关系
listento,hear(二听);make,have,let(三使);see,lookat,watch,notice,observe(五看);get,keep,leave,think,find等
e.g.IheardthesongsunginEnglish.
e.g.Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.
e.g.I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.
e.g.Alexandertriedtogetthisworkrecognizedintheworld.
3.3with复合结构
with+名词+形容词Heoftensleepswiththewindowsopen.
with+名词+副词Hestoodbeforehisteacherwithhisheaddown.
with+名词+介词短语Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.
with+名词+现在分词(短语)Hefellasleepwiththecandleburning.
with+名词+过去分词(短语)Hesattherewithhiseyesclosed.
with+名词+不定式(短语)Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.
【即讲即练】
Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar(wash).
Withhisfans(surround)him,hewasveryexcited.
JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_________(improve)inashortperiod.
MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________(remind)ofhisowndreams.
Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice_