最新职称英语《理工A》真题及答案完整版.docx

最新职称英语《理工A》真题及答案完整版.docx

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最新职称英语《理工A》真题及答案完整版

职称英语《理工A》真题及答案（完整版）

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.

A.imagination

B.confirmation

C.recall

D.disclosure

答案为D.revelation（揭露）–disclosure（揭露）

2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.

A.careless

B.cruel

C.strong

D.hard

答案为B.brutal（残忍的）–cruel

3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.

A.jump

B.escape

C.run

D.prepare

答案为C.sprint（快速奔跑）–run（奔跑）

4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.

A.changeable

B.stable

C.suitable

D.adaptable

答案为A.fluid（不稳定的）–changeable（易变的）

5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.

A.haircut

B.purse

C.clothes

D.necklace

答案为C.garment（衣服）–clothes（衣服）

6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.

A.fear

B.joy

C.hurt

D.memory

答案为C.trauma（精神上的创伤）–hurt（感情上的伤心或痛苦）

7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.

A.decorate

B.water

C.change

D.visit

答案为B.irrigate（灌溉）–water（给…浇水）

8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.

A.disabled

B.pupil

C.teenager

D.baby

答案为D.toddler（学步的儿童）–baby（婴儿）

9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.

A.warm

B.severe

C.hard

D.dry

答案为A.mild（温暖的）–warm（温暖的）

10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.

A.real

B.outstanding

C.creative

D.false

答案为A.authentic（逼真的）–real（逼真的）

11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.

A.global

B.possible

C.ongoing

D.central

答案为B.potential（可能的）-possible（可能的）

12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.

A.positive

B.clever

C.key

D.original

答案为B.brilliant（绝妙的）–clever（聪明的）

13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.

A.regulated

B.increased

C.fell

D.maintained

答案为C.tumbled（暴跌）–fell（下降）

14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.

A.coaching

B.idea

C.term

D.aspect

答案为A.instructions（指导说明）—coaching（教导）

15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.

A.indanger

B.outofcontrol

C.betweenequals

D.inparticular

答案为Aindangerof（处于危险中）—atriskof（处于风险中）

阅读判断

TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers

Inthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialRevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedandmotivatedhiscolleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.

Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach（决口）occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.

Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel’sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated（加剧）bysocialunrestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.

16.【题干】BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

17.【题干】Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

18.【题干】Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】B

【解析】

19.【题干】Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】B

【解析】

20.【题干】SomeprojectsBrunelcontributedtoarestillinusetoday.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】A

【解析】

21.【题干】Brunelbecameanapprenticewithhisfatherwhenhewasveryyoung.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】A

【解析】

22.【题干】TheThamesTunnelprojectwasmoredifficultthananypreviousprojectsundertakeninBritain.

【选项】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

Geothermal（地热）Energy

1.Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth’scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（岩浆）.Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth’ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth’ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth’ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可渗透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.

2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.

3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither“flash”steamplantsorbinary（双重的）plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it“flashes”orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.

4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.

23.【题干】Paragraph1_____

【选项】

A.Drysteamplants

B.Binaryplants

C.Originofgeothermalenergy

D.Generationofelectricity

E.Flashsteamplants

F.Recyclablewaterandsteam

【答案】C

【解析】

24【题干】Paragraph2_____

【选项】

A.Drysteamplants

B.Binaryplants

C.Originofgeothermalenergy

D.Generationofelectricity

E.Flashsteamplants

F.Recyclablewaterandsteam

【答案】A

【解析】

25【题干】Paragraph3_____

【选项】

A.Drysteamplants

B.Binaryplants

C.Originofgeothermalenergy

D.Generationofelectricity

E.Flashsteamplants

F.Recyclablewaterandsteam

【答案】E

【解析】

26【题干】Paragraph4_____

【选项】

A.Drysteamplants

B.Binaryplants

C.Originofgeothermalenergy

D.Generationofelectricity

E.Flashsteamplants

F.Recyclablewaterandsteam

【答案】F

【解析】

27.【题干】Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder_____.

【选项】

A.theenergytoturnaturbine

B.impermeablerock

C.oneortwoseparators

D.turbineoperator

E.littleornowater

F.hotsprings

【答案】B

【解析】

28.【题干】Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith_____.

【选项】

A.theenergytoturnaturbine

B.impermeablerock

C.oneortwoseparators

D.turbineoperator

E.littleornowater

F.hotsprings

【答案】E

【解析】

29.【题干】Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough_____.

【选项】

A.theenergytoturnaturbine

B.impermeablerock

C.oneortwoseparators

D.turbineoperator

E.littleornowater

F.hotsprings

【答案】C

【解析】

30.【题干】Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto_____.

【选项】

A.theenergytoturnaturbine

B.impermeablerock

C.oneortwoseparators

D.turbineoperator

E.littleornowater

F.hotsprings

【答案】A

【解析】

BlackHolesTriggerStarstoSelf-Destruct

Scientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsunscantearapartstarsthatcometooclose.Theblackhotelsgravitypullsharderonthenearestpartofthestar,animbalancethatpullsthestarapartoveraperiodofminutesorhours,onceitgetscloseenough.

ScientistssaythisUnevenpullingisnottheonlyhazardfacingthestar.Thestrainoftheseunbalancedforcescanalsotriggeranuclearexplosionpowerfulenoughtodestroythestarfromwithin.MatthieuBrassartandJean-PierreLuminetoftheObservatoiredeParisinMeudon,France,carriedoutcomputersimulationsofthefinalmomentsofsuchanunfortunatestar’slife，asitveeredtowardsasupermass