届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破文学与艺术.docx

届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破文学与艺术.docx

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届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破文学与艺术

文学与艺术

一、阅读理解

1.   WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.Hischildhoodlackedtheharmony（和睦）thatwastypicalofahappyfamily.Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered“littleofchildhoodbutitspain”.Infact,heinherited（继承）excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydrama（戏剧）andpoetry.

   Yeatshadstrongfaithincomingofnewartisticmovements.HesethimselfthefreshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.Hisearlytheatricalexperiments,however,werenotreceivedfavorablyatthebeginning.Hedidn’tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.

   Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.

   HehadnotenjoyedamajorpubliclifesincewinningtheNobelPricein1923.Yet,hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife.HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,forthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.AfterYeats’sdeathin1939,W.H.Audenwrote,amongothers,thefollowinglines:

   Earth,receiveanhonouredguest:

   WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.

   LettheIrishvessel（船）lie

   Emptiedofitspoetry.

1.WhichofthefollowingcandescribeYeats’sfamily?

A.ItfilledYeats’schildhoodwithlaughter.

B.ItwasshockedbyYeats’schoice.

C.Itwasatypicallywealthyfamily.

D.Ithadanartisticatmosphere.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutYeats’slife?

A.YeatsfoundedthefirstIrishtheater.

B.Yeatsstucktomodernformsinhispoetry.

C.Yeatsbegantoproducehisbestworksfromthe1910s.

D.Yeatswasnotfavoredbythepublicuntilthe1923NoblePrize.

3.WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedinW.H.Auden’slines?

A.Envy.

B.Sympathy.

C.Emptiness.

D.Admiration.

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Yeats’sliteraryachievements.

B.Yeats’shistoricalinfluence.

C.Yeats’sartisticambition.

D.Yeats’snationalhonor.

2.   ChenGuotao,borninaMiaoethnicfamilyinthemountainsofYaoyang,SouthwestChina’sChongqing,successfullymadeherwaytothebigcities.ButthelovefortheMiaoembroidery（刺绣）madeherquitthehighly-paidjobatastate-ownedbankandreturnedhometopromotethefolkart.

   “IloveMiaoembroideryanditisourMiaopeople’sculturalsymbol,”shesaid.“EveryMiaowomanisgoodatthisskill.”

Chenlearnedembroideryfromhermotherattheageoffourandwhenshewaseightyearsold,shecouldmakeaskirtbyherself.

   TheMiaopeoplelivemainlyinsouthernChina’smountains,suchasinChongqingandtheprovincesofGuizhou,Yunnan,Sichuan,HubeiandHunan.MiaoembroideryisaveryessentialpartofMiaocultureandatreasureofChinesecostumeculture.ItwasnamedasChina’sintangible（非物质）culturalheritagein2006.

   In2001,ChenreturnedtoChongqingandstartedtolearnmoreabouttheembroideryskills.ShepaidvisitstotheMiaovillagesinHunanandGuizhouprovincesandlearnedtheskillsfromthemasters.Sheusuallyworkedfromsixinthemorninguntil11inthenight.

Atthesametime,sheresearchedthecurrentsituationoftheMiaoembroideryandcollectedthetraditionalpatternsinordertokeepthisartformpopular.

  In2012,shefinallysetuphercompanytopromoteandpreservethisfolkart.Herartworkshavebeenexhibitedathomeandabroad.

“EverypieceoftheMiaoembroideryisallhandmadewithallkindsofcomplicatedskills,”shesaid.“Asquareclothofone-meterwilltakeatleastoneyeartocomplete,soitistime-consumingandveryhardtomakemoney.”

   ToletmoreMiaowomeninherit（传承）theskills,Chenpartneredwithlocalwomen’sassociationtosetuptrainingcamps.

1.WhydidChengiveupthehighly-paidjob?

A.Shedidn’tlikethejob.

B.Shemissedherhometown.

C.ShewantedtopromoteMiaoembroidery.

D.Herparentsaskedhertogohometown.

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?

A.Chenisabeautifulgirl.

B.Chenisaveryclevergirl.

C.Chenhelpshermotheralot.

D.Chenlikeshermotherverymuch.

3.WhatdidChendoinordertocarryforwardandprotectthisfolkart?

A.Shefoundedhercompany.

B.Shedonatedalotofmoney.

C.Shetravelledtomanyplacesalloverthecountry.

D.ShestudiedthecurrentsituationofMiaoembroidery.

3.   ALeonardodaVincipaintingofJesusChristthatrecentlysoldforarecord$450millionisheadingtotheLouvreAbuDhabi.Thenewlyopenedmuseummadetheannouncementthisweek.

   Lastmonth,Christie’sauction（拍卖）houseinNewYorkCitysoldthepaintingforthemostmoneyeverpaidforapieceofartatauction.Theauctionhousedidnotsaywhothebuyerwas;itdoesnotcommentontheidentitiesofbuyersorsellerswithouttheirpermission.

   The500-year-oldpaintingiscalledSalvatorMundi,LatinforSavioroftheWorld.Itisoneoffewerthan20daVincipaintingsknowntoexist.

The66-centimeter-tallpaintingdatestoaround1500.ItshowsJesusdressedinRenaissance-styleclothing.Hisrighthandisraisedinblessingandhislefthandisholdingacrystal（水晶）ball.

   ThepaintingwasinaprivatecollectionofKingCharlesⅠofEngland.Itdisappearedfromviewuntil1900,whenaBritishcollectorboughtit.Atthattime,itwasthoughttohavebeenpaintedbyastudentofLeonardoratherthanthemasterhimself.

   In2005,agroupofartdealerspaidlessthan$10,000fortheartwork.Itwasbadlydamagedandpartlypaintedover.TheyrestoredtheworkandprovedthatthepaintingwasdonebyLeonardodaVincihimself.

   Beforelastmonth’srecord-breakingsale,thehighestknownsalepriceforanyartworkhadbeen$300millionforWillemdeKooning’spaintingInterchange.

1.Whatcanwelearnwhenthepaintingwassoldatthehighprice?

A.Thepeoplepresentweresurprised.

B.Thepaintingwasbadlydestroyed.

C.Thebuyerandthesellerwerenotknowntopeople.

D.Peopleallwanttoknowthebuyerandseller’snames.

2.HowoldisthepaintingSavioroftheWorld?

A.500yearsold.

B.1,000yearsold.

C.1,500yearsold.

D.1,900yearsold.

3.Whatdidpeoplethinkofthepaintingmanyyearsago?

A.Itwasveryvaluable.

B.Itwasveryspecial.

C.ItwaspaintedbyLeonardo.

D.ItwaspaintedbyastudentofLeonardo.

4.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Anewresearch.

B.Apricelesstreasure.

C.Amysteriousdiscovery.

D.Anunexpectedharvest.

4.   Anancientphilosopher’swisdomcanbecomparedinvaluetogold.Now“TheArtofWar”bythegreatthinkerSunTzuhasactuallybeenprintedonpuregold.Thereare5,000ofthesebookstoresacrossChina,costing19,600yuaneach.

  Knownastheworld’soldestbookonmilitarystrategy（军事策略）,itwasoriginallywrittenonbamboostrips（竹简）.SunTzulivedinabout500BCinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod.ThereidlittleinformationaboutSunTzu’sreallife.

   Butaccordingtoonestory,dthekingaskedSunTzutogibeademonstrationofhiswayoftrainingthearmy.Twogroupsoftheking’sconcubines（妃子）playedthesoldiersandtwooftheking’sfavouritesactedascommanders.SunTzugavethemorders,buttheythoughtitwasjustagameandcouldn’tstoplaughing.SunTzusaid,“iftheorderisnotclearit’smyfault,butiftheorderisandsoldierdon’tobey,it’sthecommanders’fault.”Hethenkilledthetwocommanders,despitetheking’sprotest.WhenSunTzugaveneworders,theconcubinesperformedperfectly.

   SunTzu’sbookbecamepopularwithleadersinAsiaandlaterintheWest.In1782aFrenchmannamedAmiottookthebooktoEurope.ItissaidthatNapoleonuseditsprincipleswhileconqueringEurope.

   “TheArtofWar”istodayusedinbusiness,sport,diplomacy（外交）andevenrelationships.SunTzuispossiblythemostquoted（引用）Chineseintheworld.Onesayingis,“Ifyouknowtheenemyandknowyourself,youneednotfeartheresultofahundredbattles.”

1.Fromthispassageweknowthebook“TheArtofWar”bythegreatthinkerSunTzu_____.

A.hasbeencomparedtogold

B.hasbeenprintedonpuregold

C.cost19,000yuan

D.hasbeenwrittenonbamboostripsagain

2.InthestoryofSunTzu’swayoftrainingthearmy,SunTzukilled_____.

A.twogroupsoftheking’sconcubines

B.twooftheking’sfavoritesoldiers

C.twooftheking’sfavoriteconcubines

D.twofamouscommanders

3.SunTzu’sbookbecamepopular____.

A.inAsia

B.inthewest

C.inEurope

D.bothAandB

4.Thebesttitleofthisarticleis_____.

A.SunTzu’swisewordsturntogold

B.Thebook“TheArtofWar”hasbeenprintedonpuregold

C.SunTzu’swisdomcanbecomparedinvaluetogold

D.Thegreatancientphilosopher---SunTzu

5.   Chinesepapercuttingor"jianzhi"istheartofcuttingpaperdesigns,andthecut-outsarealsousedtodecoratedoorsandwindows,sotheyaresometimescalled"chuanghua".PapercuttinghaslongbeenasymbolofEasterncharm.

   Therearesymmetrical（对称的）designsthatareusuallycreatedbysomefoldingandcutting.Whenunfolded,itformsasymmetricaldesign.Chinesecut-outsarenormallysymmetricalandareusuallyinanevennumberseriesof2,4,24,etc.

   Theoldestsurvivingpapercut-outisasymmetricalcirclefromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China.Fromthe7thto13thcentury,papercuttingbecamepopularespeciallyduringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe