全国高等教育自学考试英语试题.docx

全国高等教育自学考试英语试题.docx

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全国高等教育自学考试英语试题

2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷

（课程代码0359）

本试卷分为两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

第一部分为选择题，1页至8页，共8页。

应考者必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在试卷上。

第二部分为非选择题，9页至10页，共2页。

应考者必须在“答题纸”上答题。

PARTONE（50POINTS）

1．VocabularyandStructure（10points，1pointeach）

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1．Alltheories______frompracticeandinturnservepractice．

A．differ

B．range

C．recover

D．originate

2．Thereislittle______increasingyourreadingspeedifyoudonotunderstandwhatyouarereading．

A．aim

B．use

C．value

D．meaning

3．whatyousaynowisnot______withwhatyousaidyesterday．

A．insistent

B．prevalent

C．consistent

D．permanent

4．Puttingprisonersinchainsdoesn’tsolvethe______0fcrime，suchaspovertyordisaffectionwithinsociety．

A．causes

B．victims

C．purposes

D．increases

5．Binarystars，astheirnamesuggests，aretwinstarswhosepositioninspace______eachother．

A．affects

B．expects

C．perfects

D．inspects

6．Allevidencerelevant______thecaseshouldbegatheredandanalyzed．

A．with

B．to

C．from

D．for

7．Comewhat______we’llgoaheadwithourplan．

A．can

B．need

C．may

D．must

8．Weshould______primaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy．

A．attach

B．convert

C．attribute

D．contribute

9．Examinerswhoare______tofavoritesarecriticizedbymanypeople．

A．indifferent

B．similar

C．equivalent

D．partial

10．Lookforsmallwaystoaddactivitytoyourday,liketakingthestairs______theelevatororgoingonashortwalk．

A．inspiteof

B．insteadof

C．intermsof

D．inviewof

II．ClozeTest（10points，1pointeach）

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，

并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

。

Peopleproducefoodinmanyways．Agriculture，orfarming，developedjthousandsofyearsago.___11___about100yearsago,mostfarmersintheUnitedStatesProducedonlyenoughfoodfortheirown___12___Today,modernequipmentandfarmingmethodshavegreatly___13___theAmericanfarmer’sproductivity.

Invariouspartsoftheworld,people___14___manyanimalsthatsupplymeatandmilk.Cattle,horses,goats,sheep,andpigsareimportantfoodanimals.IntheUnitedStates,thecowisthemajorsourceofmilkproducts.Chickens___15___peoplewithbothmeatandeggs.

Fishingisanimportantsourceoffood,___16___inareasnearthesea.Somecountries,likeJapan,consumemuchmorefishthanmeat.

Thewealthyareasoftheworldconsumethemostfood,___17___includetheUnitedStates,Canada,andEurope.Manycountriesareabletoimportfoodifitcannotbeproducedathome.___18___GreatBritainimportsabout75percentofitsmeat，andgrowslessthanhalfthefooditspeoplerequire.

___19___peopleofthepoorcountriesoftheworldusuallyeatonlywhattheyareabletoproducethemselves.InsomepartsofAsia,peoplelive___20___ricealone.

11．A．InB．UntilC．FromD．for

12．A．needsB．reasonsC．effortsD．interests

13．A．protectedB．supportedC．increasedD．reflected

14．A．growB．raiseC．trainD．store

15．A．prepareB．treatC．serveD．provide

16．A．certainlyB．actuallyC．occasionallyD．especially

17．A．theseB．whereC．whichD．they

18．A．InadditionB．ForexampleC．AboveallD．Afterall

19．A．HoweverB．ThereforeC．MoreoverD．instead

20．A．withB．forC．onD．through

III．ReadingComprehension（30points，2pointseach）

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

LatelyithasbecomefashionableinAmericatoquestionwhetheritisreallyworthittogotocollege.AccordingtoanewsurveyreleasedbythePewResearchCenter,only40percentofAmericansfeltthatcollegesprovidedagoodvalueforthecost.Atthesametime,86percentofcollegegraduatesstillfelttheinvestmentwasagoodoneforthem.

Thereareanumberofreasonsforthewidespreaddissatisfactionwithcollege.First,thereareplentyofproblemswithhighereducation—poorqualityandout-of-controlcostsaretwoofthebiggest，Second，itistruethatcollegeisnotforeveryone．Thereareplentyofrewardingandimportantcareersthatdonotrequirecollege．Andduetothesloweconomy，theremayinfactbemoregraduatesthanthecurrentjobmarketneeds．Besides，anti-collegesentimentisnothingnew·Today，Microsoft’sBillGatesorApple’sSteveJobs—bothcollegedropouts-isoftenheldupasevidenceofwhyallthattimesittinginclassisbetterspentelsewhere．

However，gettingacollegeeducationisstillagoodidea．Collegegraduatesearnmore，andaremorelikelytohaveajobinthefirstplace．Accordingtothestatisticslastyear，theaverageweeklyearningsforsomeonewithsomecollegebutnodegreewere$712，comparedto$1，038foracollegegraduate．Thatisalmost$17，000overthecourseofayearandthereisanevenbiggerdivideforthosewithlesseducation．Meanwhile，theunemploymentratewas9.2percentforthosewithonlysomecollegeandmorethan10percentforthosewithjustamiddleschooldegree，butitwas5.4percentforcollegegraduates．Theeconomicgapsbetweencollegecompletersandthosewithlesseducationaregettinglarger·

AlthoughmostAmericanssurveyedbyPewfeeldoubtfulaboutthevalueofacollegedegree，anoverwhelmingmajorityofparentsPewsurveyedstillexpecttheirchildrentogotocollege．“Itcallbeinferredthattheincreaseddoubthasnotsignificantlyinfluenceddecisionmaking，’’Pew’sTaylorsays．“Despitetheconcernaboutrisingcostsandotherproblems，collegeremainsauniversaldesireinthiscountry．”

21．RecentlymanyAmericansquestion_____．

A．thevalueofacollegedegree

B．theabilityofcollegegraduates

C．thequalityofcollegeeducation

D．thehighcostofhighereducation

22．ThepassagetellsUSthatBillGateswas_____．

A．aself-taughtcollegestudent

B．ahardworkingundergraduate

C．asuccessfulcollegedropout

D．asuccessfulcollegegraduate

23．Thewriterseemstoagreethat_____．

A．thereisnoneedtogotocollege

B．anti—collegesentimentisanewthing

C．collegecannotguaranteeemployment

D．collegeeducationremainsawisechoice

24．TheunemploymentrateforcollegegraduateslastYearwas_____．

A．5.4％

B．7.1％

C．9.2％

D．10％

25．ThePewsurveyimpliesthat_____．

A．thecostofcollegeeducationwilldecrease

B．mostAmericansstillfavorcollegeeducation

C．thequalityofcollegeeducationwillimprove

D．increaseddoubtaffectsparents’decisionmaking

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage·

Amajorsociological（社会学的）theoryknownassymbolicinteractionism（符

号互动论）offerssomeimportantclarificationofhowmenandwomenaretaughttofilldifferentrolesinsociety．Thekeyconceptinsymbolicinteractionismisthatcommunicationmakesabigdifferenceinbehavior：

peopleactonthebasisofmessagestheyreceivefromothers，andhowtheyunderstandthosemessages.ThiscanbeseeninaconceptdevelopedbysociologistCharlesHortonCooleyknownasthelooking-glassself．

Bythelooking-glassself，Cooleymeanttheself-imagethateachofusdevelopsaccordingtothemessageswereceivefromothers；wethinkandbehaveaccordingtoourunderstandingofthosemessages．If,forexample，ayounggirlisrepeatedlytoldthatsheispretty,shewillcometobelievethat

（1）sheisinfactpretty，and

（2）beingprettyisanimportantthinginherlife．Similarly，ifsheistoldthatsheisnotgood（ornotexpectedtobegood）atcertainthings（suchasmath）shewillcometobelievethatsheisnotgoodatsuchthingsandwouldbetteroffworkingatthingsshecanbesuccessfulat．Thelikelyproductisayoungwomanwhodevotesagreatdealofattentiontoherappearance，regardsbeingprettyasakeytosuccessinlife，andwhoisintimidatedbyanythinginvolvingnumbers．

Sinceweknowthatyounggirlsaregivenmessageslikethese，andthatyoungboysaregivendifferentmessages，wecanseeagoodpartofhowsexrolesaretaught．Thereislittleornoevidenceofdifferencesinwhatyounggirlsandyounggirlsandboyscando，buttheolderchildrenbecome，thegreaterthedifferencesintheareasinwhichboysandgirlsarelikelytostandout.

26．Symbolicinteractionismhelpstoexplain______．

A．howtomakeadifferenceinpeople’ssocialbehavior

B．howtomakepeopleunderstanddifferentsocialroles

C．howmenandwomenlearntocommunicateinsociety

D．howmenandwomenlearntotakedifferentsocialroles

27．The“looking-glassself'’conceptoffersaclueasto______．

A．whetheronecanimproveone’sself-image

B．whetheroneislikelytosucceedinanarea

C．howonereceivesdifferentsocialmessages

D．howsocialmessagesshapeone’sself-image

28．Theexampleoftheyounggirlshowsthat______．

A．womencaremoreaboutappearance

B．womenareinferiortomeninnumbers

C．peopleareliabletosocialexpectations

D．peopleregardlooksasakeytoSuccess

29．Thephrase“betteroff’（para.2）probablymeans——-

A．morecomfortable

B．moredependable

C．morerespectable

D．morereasonable

30．Boysandgirlsarelikelytostandoutindifferentareas______．

A．astheyadvanceinage

B．astheygrowinwisdom

C．astheirinterestsdiversify

D．astheircapacitiesdevelop

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage．

SincethebeginningoftheInternetera，ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatwhenyoujoinanonlinecompany，whateverdatayouputintoitbelongstoyou．

Thatmeansyoucansignupforonekindofemail，importyourcontactsintothatsystem，andifyoulaterdecidetoswitchtosomeotheremailservice，youcanexportallyourcontactsfromthefirstserviceintothenewone．YoucanuseMicrosoft’sHotmail，thenmovetoYahooMail，thentoGoogle’sGmail．Oryoucanhaveaccountsonthreeservicesandkeepallyourcontactsineachone．

That’thewaythingswere—untilFacebookappeared.FacebooktookadifferentapproachUntilrecently,everythingyouputintoFacebookcouldnotbe