施工组织设计外文文献翻译中英文管理资料.docx

施工组织设计外文文献翻译中英文管理资料.docx

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施工组织设计外文文献翻译中英文管理资料

外文文献翻译

（含：

英文原文及中文译文）

文献出处：

NuclearInstruments&MethodsinPhysicsResearch,2015,3

（2）:

281-294.

英文原文

Importanceofconstructionorganizationdesign

GBaecker

Abstract

Duringtheconstructionprocessofaconstructionproject,theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheconstructionorganizationschemenotonlydirectlyaffectthequalityoftheproject,butalsohaveanimportantimpactonthedurationandthesafetyofthepersonnelduringtheconstructionprocess.Theconstructionorganizationisanimportanttechnicalandeconomicdocumentfortheprojectconstructionandguidanceofprojectconstruction.Canadjustthecontradictionofpersonnel,machinery,rawmaterials,environment,process,equipment,civilconstruction,installation,management,production,etc.inconstruction.Itisnecessarytosuperviseandcontroltheconstructionorganizationdesignsoastoensuretheprojectqualitywithhighquality,lowcost,andlessEnergyconsumptioniscompleted.

Keywords:

ProjectManagement,ConstructionOrganization,ProgramImportance

Constructionorganizationdesignistheconceptionandspecificarrangementoftheentireconstructionprocessoftheengineeringconstructionproject.Itisthecoreandsouloftheconstructionorganizationmanagementwork.Itspurposeistomaketheprojectfaster,betterquality,andmoreefficient.Makethewholeprojectgetrelativelyoptimalresultsintheconstruction.

1.Thereasonfortheimportanceofthedesignofconstructionorganization

Theconstructionprojectanditsconstructionhavethreecharacteristics:

fixedandfluidity,diversityandindividuality,largebodyandlongconstructionperiod.Therefore,theconstructionofeachconstructionprojectmustbecarriedout.Thisisbecause:

Theproductionofothergeneralindustrialproductshasitsownfixed,long-termfactory.Theconstructionofthebuildingisfluid,anditisimpossibletoestablishsuchafactory.Itisonlywheneachconstructionprojectisconstructedthatacorresponding,temporaryconstructionsitepreparationlikethenatureoftheplantisemployed.Theuniquefeaturesofconstructionandthecharacteristicsofconstructionmobilitydeterminethateachconstructionprojectmustselecttheappropriateequipmentandlabororganization.Theselectionofconstructionmethods,theformulationofconstructiontechnologyplans,andtheorganizationofworkforcesandimplementsarecollectivelyreferredtoasconstructionworkcapacityallocation.Thecharacteristicsoftheconstructioncyclehavedeterminedthatthesupplyofvariouslabors,equipmentandmanymaterialsandmaterialstechnologieswilltakealongtime.Thiswillresultintheconstructionanddesignofmaterialsandtechnologiesthatarecompatiblewiththeoverallconstructionschedule.Fromthiswecanseethatconstructionorganizationdesignisveryimportantinprojectmanagement.

2.Theimportanceofconstructionorganizationdesign

Asaproduct,buildingproductsplayanextremelyimportantroleinprojectmanagementthroughouttheconstructionprocess.Theconstructionorganizationoftheengineeringconstructionprojecthasacloserelationshipwithitsengineeringcost.Thebasiccontentsoftheconstructionorganizationdesigninclude:

projectoverviewandconstructionconditionanalysis,constructionplan,constructionprocess,constructionscheduleplan,andgeneralplanofconstruction.Therearealsoeconomicanalysisandconstructionpreparationworkplans.Amongthem,thedeterminationoftheconstructionplanandconstructionprocessismoreimportant.Forexample,theselectionofconstructionmachinery,theselectionofhorizontaltransportationmethods,theconstructionmethodsoftheearthwork,theconstructionmethodsofthemainstructureandtheselectionoftheconstructiontechnologyalldirectlyaffecttheprojectbudget.Thepricechanges.Underthepremiseofguaranteeingprojectqualityandsatisfyingtheowner'suserequirementsandconstructionperiodrequirements,optimizingtheconstructionplanandconstructionprocessisanimportantmeasureandmethodtocontrolinvestmentandreduceconstructionprojectcost.

Theconstructionorganizationplanaffectsthequalityoftheprojecttoagreatextent.Therefore,areasonableprojectorganizationplanisnotonlythebasisforensuringthesuccessfulcompletionoftheproject,butalsothebasisforprojectsafety.Theconstructionorganizationdesignisanimportantpartoftheconstructionengineeringdesigndocuments.Itisthemainbasisforpreparingtheprojectinvestmentbudgetandthemainreferenceforthepreparationofbiddingdocuments.Therefore,carefulconstructionoftheconstructionorganizationwillhaveaveryimportantroleindeterminingtheprojectcostandreducingtheinvestmentintheproject,whichwillhelpcontroltheconstructioncost.

Theconstructionorganizationplanisanimportantmeansforscientificmanagementofconstructionactivities.Ithasthedualroleofstrategicdeploymentandtacticalarrangements.Itembodiestherequirementsforrealizingthebasicconstructionplananddesign,providesthecontentsoftheconstructionpreparationworkineachphase,andcoordinatesthemutualrelationsbetweeneachconstructionworkarea,eachconstructionworktype,andeachvoluntaryworkintheconstructionprocess.Theconstructionorganizationplanmustbeabletodeterminethebasiccombinationofvariousfactorsofproductionbasedonthecharacteristicsandrequirementsoftheengineeringproductandthecurrentandpossiblewinningconstructionconditions.Itisimpossibletocarryoutanyproductionwithouteffectivelysolvingtheproblem..

3.Indexcalculationandanalysisofconstructionorganizationdesign

Atpresent,whatindicatorsshouldbeestablishedintheconstructionorganizationdesignarenotuniformandthecalculationmethodisnotstandardized.Asitisayardstickforevaluatingtheoveralleffectofconstructionorganizationdesignandevaluationofimplementationstatus,itisalsothebasisforexaminingthelevelandeffectofproduction,operationandmanagementoftheunit（projectdepartment）thatundertakesconstruction.Weshouldpayattentiontothefollowingsuggestions.

3.1indicatorsystem.Theindexsystemshouldbesetuptoreflectthelevelreachedbytheconstructionorganization'sdesigngoalsandprovideconvenienceforevaluation,assessment,andimplementation.

3.2Indexcalculations.

（1）Constructionpreparationperiod.Fromthestartofsitepreparationtothefulltimeofformalprojectstart-up.

（2）Unitprojectduration.Theconstructionperiodarrangedbytheunitconstructionschedule.（3）Laborimbalancecoefficient.Theratioofthepeaknumberofconstructionperiodtotheaveragenumberofpeople.（4）Reducethecost.Technicalorganizationmeasurestolowerthecostofpriceresults.（5）Reducethecostrate.Thepercentageofcostreductionincontractedcosts.（6）Thedegreeofconstructionmechanization.Theratioofthecompletionvalueofmechanicalconstructiontotheprojectcontractingcost.（7）Thedegreeoffactoryconstruction.Prefabricationplant（quarry,quarry）Theratioofthecompletedproductionvaluetotheengineeringcontractingcost.（8）Proportionoftemporaryengineeringinvestment.Theratioofalltemporaryengineeringinvestmentandprojectcontractingcost.（9）Proportionoftemporaryengineeringexpenses.AllTemporaryProjectCostReducingRatioofChargesandEngineeringContractCosts.

3.3IndicatorsAnalysis.Comparedwiththehistoricalactuallevelofsimilarprojects,theconstructionorganizationdesignindexcanevaluatetheeffectoftheconstructionorganizationdesign;Thecomparisonofindicatorsofdifferentconstructionorganizationdesignschemescanbeusedtooptimizetheprogram;Theweightedvalues​​ofpreviousindicatorsofthesametypeofpreviousprojectscanbeanalyzed,whichcanbeusedasthefutureThebasisofbidding.

4.Managementofconstructionorganizationdesign

Withtheestablishmentofasocialistmarketeconomy,thecompetitionintheconstructionmarkethasbecomeincreasinglyfierce,andtheobjectivesituationhasbecomeincreasinglydemandingforconstructioncompanies.Notonlydoesitrequirehigherrequirementsintermsoftechnicalequipment,personnelquality,andconstructionorganizers,butitalsofacesnewchallengesinengineeringeconomicmanagement.Intherigorousconstructionmarketsituation,someconstructioncompaniesdidnotactivelytakeresponsemeasuresanddidnotupdateortrainemployees'professionalskills.Themanagementlevelofscienceandtechnologyisquitebackward.Inaddition,itdidnotpayenoughattentiontothepreparationofauditingconstructionorganizationdesign.Therefore,thefollowingcommonsituationswilloccur:

Thereisnopreparationofauditingbeforethecommencementoftheconstructionoftheorganizationdesign:

donotengageinthelayoutoftheconstructionplan,thematerialindiscriminatelyput.Therearenoguaranteemeasuresfortheshipmentofearthmovinginandout,mechanicalequipment,unplannedlabordemand,projectquality,andsafeconstruction.Thephenomenonofwastingwastefromworkersisseriousandthemanagementlevelislow.

Whetheritisaprofessionaltocompiletheconstructionorganizationdesign:

InordertodealwiththeinspectionsofthesuperiordepartmentandsupervisionunitandPartyA,theconstructionpersonnelshalldesigntheconstructionorganizationdesignonbehalfoftheconstructionworkerortheinformationofficer.Becausethedatawasnotknownaboutthecurrentconstructionmanagementbutwasrecentlyarrangedbytheleadership,ithadtobecreatedanddealtwithindiscriminately.

Thelevelofconstructionorganizat