8B Unit 12 教师版深沪牛津版.docx
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8BUnit12教师版深沪牛津版
Unit1Helpingthoseinneed
Lesson2
《动词不定式》
(一)结构
“(not)+(to)+V原”——肯定用todo,to前加not变否定,注意无to不定式
e.g.Hewantedtositdown.他想坐下。
(带to)
e.g.Lethimsitdown.让他坐下。
(不带to)
e.g.Momtoldmenottosleeptoolate.(否定形式)
(二)常考用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的功能,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语等。
不定式充当句子成分
宾语
跟在动词后
带to
wouldlike,hope,decide,afford,offer,usedto
____________________________________
不带to
Whynotdo,hadbetter(not)do,wouldratherdo,could/would/willyouplease(not)do
宾补
跟在sb后
带to
wouldlike,help,want,_____________________
________________________________________
不带to
在表示五官感觉、致使等意义的动词后
feel,hear,notice,see,watch,have,let,make
状语
表“目的”
todo,soasto,inorderto
【try,forget,remember,hope,wish,agree,choose,fail,refuse,makesure,taketurns,want,plan,tryone’sbest,begin/start,love/like(注意todo/doing区别)】
【ask,encourage,prefer,tell,warn】
(三)特殊用法
1.区别以下几组动词搭配
Verbs
todo
doing
forget/remember/regret
忘记/记得/遗憾要做某事
忘记/记得/后悔做过某事
stop
停下来去做别的事
停止做某事
try
努力做某事
尝试做某事
mean
设法做某事
意味着某事
goon
继续做某事(另一件)
继续做(同一件)
2.注意“疑问词+todo”结构
WhattodoVSHowtodoit?
区别在于哪?
_what充当宾语,how充当方式状语__
解释:
dowhat/doitby…
(1)Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddotosolvetheproblem.
Idon’tknow____whattodo_tosolvetheproblem.
(2)Doyouknowhowwecansolvetheproblem?
Doyouknow___howtosolvetheproblem__.
【练一练】
一、单项选择
1.Theyoungsoldierreallydoesn’tknowtostopthebabyfromhard.
A.whattodo,cryingB.howtodo,cryingC.whentodo,cryD.wheretodo,cry
2.lateinthemorning,Bobthealarm.
A.Tosleep,turnedoffB.Sleeping,turnedon
C.Sleep,turnedoffD.Havingslept,turnedon
3.Ourfootballplayerstheirbestthegame.
A.do,winB.does,wonC.did,towinD.aredoingwinning
4.Fatherdecidedsmokingthehelpofmymother.
A.giveup,underB.giveitup,underC.togiveup,withD.givingup,with
5.I'msorryyou,becauseIhavedifficultytheproblem.
A.totrouble,solvingB.trouble,solvingC.troubling,tosolveD.troubled,tosolve
6.PleasetellMaryuplatetonight.Shehasalotofworktomorrow.
A.sit,tobedoneB.nottosit,todoC.sitting,todoD.notsit,tobedone
7.Theteacheraskedthestudentstostopandtoher.
A.totalk,listenedB.talking,listenC.talking,listenedD.totalk,listen
8.—I’msorry,Imyexercisebookathome.
—Don’tforgetittoschooltomorrow,please.
A.forget;totakeB.left;tobringC.forget;tobringD.left;totake
9.Weareoftentoldatpeoplewhoareintrouble.
A.nottosmile,theB.tosmile,/C.nottolaugh,/D.tolaugh,the
10.Themotheraskedtheboydowntheladder,buthewentoninstead.
A.come;climbingB.tocome;toclimb
C.tocome;climbingD.coming;climbing
参考答案:
AACCABBBCC
二、用所给词正确形式填空
1.Ittookhalfanhour(get)totheWorldParkfromKitty’sschool.
2.Itwasinteresting(see)somanyplacesofinterestfromallovertheworld.
3.Theywant(save)timebyusingshorterwordsandphrases.
4.Kitty’sclassmateDanieltaughthimselfhow(make)ahomepage.
5.Helphim(put)thephotosinthecorrectorder.
6.Hemadethegirl(cry)yesterday.
7.It’stimeforclass.Pleasestop(talk).
8.I’dlike(go)totheTempleofHeaven.
9.Dearchildren,you'dbetter(take)goodcareofyourownthings.
10.Ireallydon’tknowwhat__________(do)next.
参考答案:
[toget;tosee;tosave;tomake;put;cry;talking;togo;take;todo]
v【常见考点】
考点①
形式主语it,结构“Itis+adj.+(for/of)+todo”
注意for与of的区别
考点②
形式宾语it,在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时
find/thinkittodo
考点③
作程度状语
too…todo/enoughtodo
考点④
作定语,须后置
havesomethingtodo
考点⑤
句型Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.
花费某人多长时间做某事
v【难点点拨】
一、表示感官、致使动词后跟不带to的不定式
结构:
Make/have/see/hear/notice/watch/feel….+sb.+dosth.
e.g.Mr.Leemadehimwashthedishes.
二、以上结构变为被动语态,要还原to
e.g.Hewasmadetowashthedishes.
【练一练】完成下列句子
1.Itis_______________________aforeignlanguage.学习一门外语不容易。
2.Wefound______impossible____________theriver.我们发现横过河流是不可能的。
3.Sheis______________________allbyherself.她足够大可以独自旅行了。
4.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen_____________inthepark.我们经常看到这位年轻人在公园跳舞。
5.Isitnecessary____________(learn)aforeignlanguage?
6.It’sspringnow.It’stime_____________(plant)trees.
7.Thespeakerspoketooquicklyforus____________(understand).
8.Thelittleboyisnotoldenough________(read).
9.Ioftenhearpeople_________(say)“__________(see)is____________(believe)”.
10.Theysaidtheyhadnothing_________(worry)about.
参考答案:
[noteasytolearn;it/tocross;oldenoughtotravel;todance;tolearn;tounderstand;toread;say/seeing/believing;toworry]
PartI单项选择
1.Itwasfoolishhimhiscarunlocked.
A.for,toleave B.of,toleave C.for,leave D.to,leave
2.It’sveryniceyoutomeaboutit.
A.for;tellB.of;sayC.to;speakD.of;tell
3.Ifindhimthenews.
A.necessarytotell,aboutB.thatnecessaryto,/
C.necessaryittotell,aboutD.itnecessarytotell,/
4.Theheadmaster’spraiseforourgroupsingingyesterdaymadeusallhappily.
A.smileB.smiledC.smilingD.tosmile
5.Theboyswereseenbasketballontheplaygroundatthattimeyesterday.
A.playB.playedC.toplayD.playing
6.Apolicemansawtwothieves___agirl’smobilephoneonabusandhecaughtthematonce.
AtostealBstealingC.stoleD.stolen
7.Theyweremade____fourteenhoursaday.
A.workB.workingC.workedD.towork
8.Haveyoudecided____?
AtogowithwhomBwhomtogowith
C.whomgowithD.withwhomtogo
参考答案:
BDDADBDB
PartII语法填空
10.Energydrinksarenotallowed________(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.
11.Myadvisorencouragedme________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.
12.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher________(grow)upfromchildhood.
13.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade________(learn).Healwaysworkshard.
14.---It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.
---Whynot________(visit)herthisweekend?
15.Whenhewasintheoffice,hepreferred________somethingratherthan________nothing.(do)
16.I’drather________onthelandthan________inafactory.(work)
参考答案:
【tomake;totake;grow;tolearn;visit;todo/do;work/work】
根据中文大意和英文提示词语,写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的回信。
信的开头和结尾已给出, 其字数不计入所要完成的回信内。
所给英文提示词语仅供选用。
请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假如你叫李华,你们学校为配合北京申办冬奥会,倡导人人都做文明中学生。
请你根据以下提示,给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件,告诉他你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的,你通常是怎么做的,以及你的感受。
提示词语:
think, smile, respect, say hello to, wait in line, on time, happy
1.Whatisimportantforamiddleschoolstudent?
(Beingpolitetoothers?
Followingrules?
..)
2.Whatdoyouusuallydo?
3.Howdoyoufeel?
Dear Peter,
Howisitgoing?
Atmyschoolwe’retalkingaboutwhatweshoulddotobeagoodstudent.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anything new at your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
Ø写作指导:
四步写作法:
第一步:
三个确定
体裁:
____书信_________;时态__一般现在时___________;中心人称___第一人称__________
第二步:
内容要点
1.谈到成为一名好学生,遵守规则是很重要的。
Talkingof__beingagoodstudent_____,it’simportantto__followrules_____________________________.
2.当提及成为一名好学生,我认为对他人有礼貌是很重要的。
Whenitcomesto__beingagoodstudent______,Ithinkitisimportantto__bepolitetoothers_______.
3.生活中充满了各种难题,规则能给我们提供处理各种情况的建议。
Life__isfullof_lotsofproblems,rulesofferusadviceon_howtodealwith______varioussituations.
4.作为一名好学生,我经常准时上学,因为这是需要遵守的最基本的准则。
Asagoodstudent,_Iusuallyattendschoolontime______________,forit’sabasicruletofollow.
5.我总是在等公共汽车时耐心排队,当很多人都在等车的时候。
Ialwayswaitinlinepatientlywhenmanypeoplearewaitingforabus.
6.排队可以避免对其他人造成伤害。
Waitinginlinecan____avoiddoingharmtoothers_________________.
7.遇到老人,我会和他们打招呼。
When_meetingtheold_________,Iam__alwaysgreetingthem____________.
8.尊老爱幼是中华民族的传统美德。
Itisatraditionalvirtuetorespect__theold_____________andcarefor__theyoung__________________.
9.我觉得遵守规则是必要的,只有这样我们才能享受到平静安宁的生活。
Ifeelthat___obeyingrulesisneccessary____,foronlybydoingsocanwe__enjoyapeacefullife________.
10.遵守规则社会才能有序。
Withrules,thesocietycanbe___inorder_______________________.
第三步:
写作提纲
列出提纲
第一部分:
回答第一个问题,对于中学生来讲,哪种文明是重要的。
阐明你对这个问题的看法。
我认为成为一名好学生并不意味着你需要放弃所有的社会活动,一心读书。
Ithinkbeingagoodstudentdoesn’t___meanyouhavetodropallsocialactivities______andalways____readbooks_______.
同时拥有健康的社会生活和得到好的分数仍然是可能的。
Itisstillpossibleto___haveahealthysociallife________whilegetting___goodgrades__________.
第二部分:
举例说明自己经常做哪些事情。
我在学校努力学习并且尊敬老师。
I__studyhardatschool___________and___Irespectteachers_____________.
我总是遵守校园准则。
Ialways__followtheschoolrules________________________________________.
我经常在家帮助父母做家务。
Ioften__helpmyparentsdohouseworkathome______________.
我总是帮助那些有困难的人并且我从不说谎。
Iusuallyhelptheonewhois_indifficulties________andInever__telllies______________________.
我每天微笑并且尽自己最大的努力成为一个礼貌的人。
I___oftensmile________and___Itrymybest__________tobeapoliteperson.
第三部分:
表达自己的感受。
事实上一个优秀的人有许多好品质和才能。
Infactagoodpersonhas__manygoodcharacter