职称英语中的词汇.docx

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职称英语中的词汇.docx

职称英语中的词汇

职称英语中词汇。

选择填空常见考察词

abandonv.抛弃,舍弃,放弃;

abide(A级)v.遵守;服从;居留;同住(abidebyone’spromise/遵守诺言;abidewithsb./和某人住在一起);

abilityn.能力,本领,(pl.)才能(abilitytopay/支付能力;one’sabilities/某人的才能); 

ableadj.能……的;有能力的;能干的(beabletodosth./能做……);

abroadadv.到国外,在国外到处(athomeandabroad/在国内外);

absentadj.缺席的;心不在焉的;缺乏的(beabsentfrom…/不在../缺席);absent-minded心不在焉的;

absoluteadj.绝对的;完全的;

abnormal(B级)adj.不正常的,反常的;

absorbv.吸收(液体);吸取(知识);使全神贯注;承担(beabsorbedin../专心..);

abstractadj.抽象的;深奥的;

absurd(A级)adj.荒谬的;荒唐可笑的;

abundant(B级)adj.丰富的,充足的(beabundant/richinnaturalresources/天然资源丰富);

academicadj.学院的,大学的;学会的,[美]文科的,文学的(academicresearch/学术研究); 

accelerate(B级)v.加速;促进vi.增加速度;

acceptv.接受;承认;

accessn.进入;通道;使用;接近(easyofaccess/易于接近;have[gain,get,obtain]accessto/得接近;得会见;得进入;得使用);

accidentn.意外;偶然事故(byaccident/偶然;无意中);bychangs

accomplishv.完成;实现;

accordingto按照;根据...所说;

accountn.报导;(书面或口头)报告;账目;原因v.说明(理由等)(giveanaccountof.../对……做出报导;accountfor/说明,占); 

accumulate(B级) v.积累,蓄积(财产等),堆积;

accurateadj.准确的;精确的; 

accusev.控告;指控(accusesb.of/指控某人……犯了罪); 

accustomv.(与to连用)使习惯于…(getaccustomedto=accustomoneselfto/习惯于……);

achen.疼痛v.疼痛;

achievev.完成(功绩等),实现(目标、目的等)(achieveone’spurpose/达到目的;achievesuccess/获得成功;

acknowledgev.承认;对……表示感谢(Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat.../大家都认为……);

acquirev.学得(知识等),求得,养成(习惯等);

actionn.行动;行为;作用(takeaction/采取行动); 

activeadj.活动的;活跃的;积极的(takeanactivepartin..积极参加…);

activityn.-ties活动;行动;行为(socialactivities/社会活动); 

actualadj.实际的;真实的;目前的;

actuallyadv.实际上;真实地;

acuteadj.敏锐的;灵敏的;剧烈的;急性的(疾病);

adaptv.使适应;使适合;改编(adaptoneselftosth../适应……); 

addv.加,增添,增加(to)(addupto/总计为,总数达);

inaddition/加上,又,另外;inadditionto/加上,除……外;

adequateadj.足够的,恰当的,胜任的;

adhere(A级)v.附着或粘附于……(to),坚持,遵守(to);

adjustv.调整;调节;使适合;使适应(adjustoneselftosth./使自己适应……);

administerv.管理;照料;maneger

admirev.赞美;赞赏;钦佩(admiresb.forsth./因……而钦佩某人); 

admitv.让……进入,使获得(某种地位或特权),接[容]纳,承认(事实、错误等)(admitsb.intotheuniversity/获准入大学);

adoptv.采用,采纳,选定(道路、职业等),取(立场等),收养;

inadvanceadv.预先;

advantagen.优势,长处,利益,便利(takeadvantageof/利用,欺骗); 

adventuren.冒险,冒险性(经历); 

adverse(A级)adj.方向相反的,敌对的,不利的,有害的;

advertisementn.广告(=ad);

advicen.劝告,建议,通知(apieceofadvice/一条意见;giveadvice/提出忠告;take/followone’sadvice/接受忠告);

advisable(B级)adj.适当的,明智的,可取的;

advisev.建议,提意见,通知,告知(advisesb.todosth./劝某人做某事,advisethat../提前通知。

 l        词汇例题解析:

1.   Heabandonedhiswifeandwentawaywithalltheirmoney.

A)left           B)dismissed            C)deserted     D)advised

C。

考点:

考察搭配相近结构含义的辨析。

leavesb./离开某人

dismiss/firesb./解雇某人;让某人走开

desertsb./遗弃某人

advisesb.todosth./建议某人做..

 

2.   Investinginnothingbutbooksovertheyearswhenhewasatschool,hehasaccumulatedalibrary.

A)gathered           B)accused              C)purchased    D)collapsed

A.解析:

利用搭配特点解题(排除B)。

accusesb.ofsth.

collapsevi.倒塌,失败,病倒

 

3. Hisillnessdiminishedhisstrength.

   A)lessened     B)increased       C)finished   D)recovered

A。

解析:

利用句意:

“疾病。

力气”,判断划线词大概是“降低,减少”这样的含义。

根据构词法:

(-en是“使变得更。

”)判断A的含义是“使减少”,所以是答案。

-en:

tomakebecomemore../使变得更..

shorten/lengthen/enlarge

recover:

恢复;收回;取回

e.g.IrecoveredthemoneyIhadlost.我找回了丢失的钱。

comp:

uncover(vt.揭开,揭露)/discover(vt.发现,发觉)

diminish/reduce/lessen/decease

 

4.Fruitssuchasapplesandorangesareverybeneficial,andmaybeeatenatanytime.

    A)normal     B)healthy    C)appropriateD)proper

B。

考点:

考察派生词。

解析:

可以利用构词法:

(beneficial--benefit)猜测画线词的大意。

利用句意:

“象苹果和橘子这样的水果是很..,可以任何时候吃的。

”,从而推出该画线词是褒义词。

而四个备选答案都属常见词汇,其中appropriate和proper是近义词,都是“合适的”,因此相互排除。

normal是“正常的”,healthy是“健康的”,所以依照句义healthy(有益于健康的)是答案。

 

5.Thispoolisspeciallyequippedforhandicappedswimmers.

   A)unable     B)disabled   C)confined              D)troubled

B。

分析:

借助被选项的特点:

A与B在“形”上有关系,重点注意。

根据习惯用法:

Unable–able:

beable(unable)todosth.判断A不合适。

dis“不”,如:

dissimilar/不相似的;“缺乏”,如:

disinterest/不感兴趣的;disabled是“被剥夺了能力的”;“反对”,如:

“disagree”;

confine:

v.限制,禁闭

synonyms:

restrict

e.g.Thewildanimalsareconfinedinsmallcagesinthezoo.野生动物关在动物园的小笼子里。

 

6. Itishardfortheyoungpeopletoimaginewhatsevereconditionstheirparentsoncelivedunder.

    A)sincere     B)hard    C)strict D)tight

B。

分析:

借助句意:

“年轻人很难想象他们的父辈们曾生活在怎样。

的环境下。

”备选答案都是常见词汇,其中hard是“艰苦的”,而sincere是“诚挚的”,strict是“严格的”,tight是“紧的”。

所以从语义搭配上看,答案是hard。

severe:

adj.严厉的,严格的,剧烈的,严重的,严峻的

synonyms:

harsh,rough,hard,strict

 

7.Hehasahabitofscanningthemorningpaperswhileeatingbreakfast.

A)lookedup       B)lookeddown   C)lookedinto       D)lookedover

D/C.分析:

借助短语构成成分基本含义解题。

lookupv.向上看,尊敬,仰望,查寻

lookdownv.俯视

lookintov.向...的里面看,窥视;浏览

lookover翻阅,浏览(overadv.结束,越过,从头到尾)

lookbackv.回顾,倒退

gooverv.(渡过...)转变,(对...进行)仔细检查,复习

comeoverv.过来

 

8.Amotherwillsacrificeherlifeforherchildren.

A)devote         B)satisfy       C)   attend    D)contribute

A.    分析:

根据词语的习惯搭配使用特点解题:

devoteone’slife/time/energy/oneselfto..

satisfypurposes/needs/requirements/besatisfiedwith

attendameeting/aclass/sb.

contributebooks/money/clothesto..

 

9.Coalofallkindsoriginatedfromthedecayofplants.

A)arose      B)suffered      C)heard       D)died

A.考点:

考察结构相近的短语的辨别。

arisefromv.起于

hearfromv.接到...的信

sufferfromv.忍受,遭受

diefromv.(病以外)因某事而死

完型填空例题解析:

难度B/C级

PublicandprivateschoolsintheUnitedStates 

   ReligiousandprivateschoolsreceivelittleornosupportfrompublictaxesintheUnitedStates,and,asaresult,areusuallysomewhatexpensiveto__1__,thelargegroupofreligiousschoolsinAmerica__2__bytheRomanCatholicChurch,whilereligiousschoolstendtobe__3__expensivethanprivateschools,thereareusuallysomefees.

   WhenthereisfreeeducationavailabletoallchildrenintheUnitedStates,whydopeople__4__moneyonprivateschools?

Americansoffer__5__greatvarietyofreasonsfordoingso,includingthedesireofsomeparentsto__6__theirchildrentoschools__7__classestendtobesmaller,orwherereligiousinstructionisincludedaspartoftheeducationalsystem,orbecause__8__theiropinion,thepublicschoolsintheirareaarenot__9__highenoughqualitytomeettheirneeds.PrivateschoolsintheUnitedStates__10__widelyinsize,quality,andinthekindofprogramthatareofferedtomeet__11__ofcertainstudents.

   Thedegree__12__Americanparentsareactiveintheirchildren’sschoolsisoften__13__topeopleofothercountries.Mostschoolshaveorganizations__14__ofbothparentsandteachers,usuallycalledP.T.A.forparents-teacherassociation.Theymeettogetherto__15__variousmattersconcerningtheschool.Parentsoftengivetheirtimetohelpwithclassroomorafterschoolactivities.

 

1.A.go      B.attend 上学,参加会议     C.takepartin 参加   D.enroll登记,招收

2.A.wererun    B.run   C.   isrun     D.   isrunning

3.A.less       B.more    C.   rather       D.   much

4.A.spend      B.pay    C.   cost         D.   take

5.A.a          B.the      C.   some          D. /

6.A.bring     B.   bringing   C.   send         D.   sending

7.A.which     B.   what   C.   inthat      D.   where

8.A.to     B.   in     C.   of     D. on

9.A./    B.   in    C.   of     D. on 

10.A.differ     B.   varies   C.extend   D.   differs

11.A.theneeds    B. thesatisfaction   C. needs   D.   need

12.A.onwhich   B.   towhich      C.   which  D. what   

13.A.surprise     B.   surprised      C.   surprising D.striking

14.A.consisting  B.   comprising     C.   composing  D.   makingup

15.A.talkto    B.   comment        C.   discuss   D.exchange

 

答案及解析:

1.文章标题及文章结构分析:

PublicandprivateschoolsintheUnitedStates

 

   ReligiousandprivateschoolsreceivelittleornosupportfrompublictaxesintheUnitedStates,and,asaresult,areusuallysomewhatexpensiveto__1__,thelargegroupofreligiousschoolsinAmerica__2__bytheRomanCatholicChurch,whilereligiousschoolstendtobe__3__expensivethanprivateschools,thereareusuallysomefees.

   WhenthereisfreeeducationavailabletoallchildrenintheUnitedStates,whydopeople__4__moneyonprivateschools?

Americansoffer__5__greatvarietyofreasonsfordoingso,includingthedesireofsomeparentsto__6__theirchildrentoschools__7__classestendtobesmaller,orwherereligiousinstructionisincludedaspartoftheeducationalsystem,orbecause__8__theiropinion,thepublicschoolsintheirareaarenot__9__highenoughqualitytomeettheirneeds.PrivateschoolsintheUnitedStates__10__widelyinsize,quality,andinthekindofprogramthatareofferedtomeet__11__ofcertainstudents.

   Thedegree__12__Americanparentsareactiveintheirchildren’sschoolsisoften__13__topeopleofothercountries.Mostschoolshaveorganizations__14__ofbothparentsandteachers,usuallycalledP.T.A.forparents-teacherassociation.Theymeettogetherto__15__variousmattersconcerningtheschool.Parentsoftengivetheirtimetohelpwithclassroomorafterschoolactivities.

 

2. 接看被选项解题:

1.A.go   B.attend C.takepartin    D.enroll

1. Religiousandprivateschoolsreceivelittleornosupportfrompublictaxes

2. intheUnitedStates,and,asaresult,areusuallysomewhatexpensiveto__1__,

1.B.分析:

抓住被选项特点:

B,C和D(vi/vt.)都是及物性动词(动词短语),而只有A不是,由此排除A。

借助语法结构:

不定式结构to..与前面的schools有关,借助搭配判断B合适。

考点:

考察习惯搭配。

attend/gotoschool/上学

attendameeting/参加会议;Attendaclass/上课

takepartin(discussion,activities)/参加讨论,活动等

enrollsb.in登记注册

 

2.A.wererun       B.r

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