新课标高考英语一轮总复习考点集训十五Unit3Scienceandnature牛津译林版.docx
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新课标高考英语一轮总复习考点集训十五Unit3Scienceandnature牛津译林版
考点集训(十五)Unit3Scienceandnature
对应学生用书p281
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Heisclever,butonthe hand,heoftenmakessillymistakesduetocarelessness.
2.Unexpectedquarrelsoccurredas consequenceoflanguagebarrier.
3.Itisalmostimpossibletoconstructanynewbuildinganywherewithout (permit)fromthelocalcouncilinthiscountry.
4.Canyounoticeanydifferencebetweentheclonedsheepandthe (origin)one?
5.Heaskedseveralquestions (concern)thefutureofthecompany.
6.Aftertenhours’hardwork,allofusfelt (burn)outandwantedtohavearest.
7.Friedfoodmaybe (taste),butitcanbeharmfultoourhealth.
8.Hetalksbigbutdoesn’t (actual)doanything.
9.Inthatdisaster,thecaptainwasthelast (leave)theship.
10.Atthemeeting,thebossannouncedthatallthingstaken consideration,theplannedtripwouldhavetobecalledoff.
11.Thelast (confirm)wildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCountyin1900.
12.IfI (have)thechance,Iwouldsurelyhavetoldthemanageryourdemandatyesterday’smeeting.
13.Hehasdecidedtogoabroadtostudywiththe (intend)offindingabetterjobwhenhereturns.
14.Ifyoucannothavechildrenofyourown,whynotconsider (adopt)one?
15.Nowhere (can)Ifindapersontohelpmeatthattime.
[答案与解析]
1.other。
句意:
他很聪明,但另一方面,他经常因粗心而犯愚蠢的错误。
ontheotherhand“另一方面”。
2.a。
asaconsequenceof因为,由于。
3.permission。
由without可知,此处应填名词,表示“来自地方议会的允许”。
4.original。
句意:
你能注意到克隆羊和原来的羊有什么不同么?
修饰one用形容词,故填original。
5.concerning。
concerningprep.关于;涉及。
6.burnt/burned。
句意:
十小时的艰苦工作后,我们所有人都累垮了,都想休息一下。
feel/be/getburnt/burnedout为固定短语,意为“耗尽体力,累垮”,故填burnt/burned。
7.tasty。
考查形容词。
句意:
油炸食品可能很好吃,但它可能对我们的健康有害。
根据上文be可知填形容词tasty。
8.actually。
考查副词。
句意:
他夸夸其谈,但实际上什么也不做。
do为动词需要副词修饰,故填actually。
9.toleave。
thelasttodosth.最后一个做某事的人。
10.into。
takesth.intoconsideration考虑到;顾及。
11.confirmed。
confirm与wildpigeon之间为被动关系。
此处表示“美国最后一只被确认的野鸽”。
12.hadhad。
句意:
如果我(当时)有机会,我肯定会在昨天的会上告诉经理你的需求。
根据句意可知,此处描述的是和过去事实相反的情况,所以虚拟条件句的谓语动词应用haddone。
13.intention。
withtheintentionof抱有……目的;打算。
14.adopting。
considerdoingsth.考虑做某事。
15.could。
句意:
当时我找不到一个可以帮助我的人。
否定副词nowhere置于句首,后面用部分倒装结构。
且根据该句的时间状语“当时”可知,该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情。
因此应用过去时态。
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
DonnaAshlock,a14yearoldgirlfromCalifornia,wasverysick.Shehadabadheart.“Donnaneedsanewheart,”herdoctorsaid,“shemusthaveanewheart,orshewilldiesoon.”
FelipeCarza,15,wasworriedaboutDonna.FelipewasDonna'sfriend.HelikedDonnaverymuch.Helikedherfreckles,andhelikedhersmile.Felipedidn'twantDonnatodie.
FelipetalkedtohismotheraboutDonna.“Iamgoingtodie,”Felipetoldhismother,“andIamgoingtogivemyhearttoDonna.”
Felipe'smotherdidn'tpaymuchattentiontoFelipe.“Felipeisjustkidding,”shethought,“Felipeisnotgoingtodie.He'sstrongandhealthy.”
ButFelipewasnothealthy.Hehadterribleheadachessometimes.“Myheadhurts,”heoftentoldhisfriends.Felipenevertoldhisparentsabouthisheadaches.
OnemorningFelipewokeupwithasharppaininhishead.Hewasdizzy,andhecouldn'tbreathe.HisparentsrushedFelipetothehospital.Doctorsatthehospitalhadterriblenewsforthem.“Felipe'sbrainisdead,”thedoctorssaid,“wecan'tsavehim.”
Theparentswereverysad.ButtheyrememberedFelipe'swords.“FelipewantedtogivehishearttoDonna,”theytoldthedoctors.
Thedoctorsdidseveraltests.Thentheytoldtheparents,“WecangiveFelipe'shearttoDonna.”
ThedoctorstookoutFelipe'sheartandrushedthehearttoDonna.OtherdoctorstookoutDonna'sheartandputFelipe'sheartinherchest.Inashorttimetheheartbegantobeat.
Theoperationwasasuccess.Felipe'sheartwasbeatinginDonna'schest,butDonnadidn'tknowit.Herparentsanddoctorsdidn'ttellher.Theywaiteduntilshewasstronger;thentheytoldheraboutFelipe.“Ifeelverysad,”Donnasaid,“butIamthankfultoFelipe.”
ThreemonthslaterDonnawentbacktoschool.Shehadtohaveregularcheckups,andshehadtotakemedicineeveryday.Butshelivedanormallife.
Felipe'sbrotherJohnsays,“EverytimeweseeDonna,wethinkofFelipe.ShehasFelipe'sheartinher.Thatgivesusgreatpeace.”
( )16.FelipewasworriedaboutDonnabecause .
A.shehadfreckles
B.shewasverysick
C.shewouldhaveanewheart
D.shehadasharppaininherhead
( )17.Welearnfromthepassagethat .
A.FelipepromisedDonnatogiveherhisheart
B.Donnaneededanewheartinsteadofherown
C.thedoctorsaskedFelipe'sparentstodonateFelipe'sheart
D.Felipenevertoldanyoneabouthisterribleheadaches
( )18.DonnaknewnothingaboutFelipe'sheartuntil .
A.Felipe'sparentstoldherthebadnews
B.theoperationwasgoingtostart
C.shewaswellandstrongenough
D.shewentbacktoschool
[语篇导读]
本文为记叙文。
唐娜有严重的心脏病,她的好朋友菲利佩喜欢她,不想让唐娜死。
菲利佩曾告诉妈妈:
“我要死了,我要把心交给唐娜。
”一天早晨,菲利佩醒来时,头剧烈地疼痛。
最终死了,他的父母很伤心,但他们告诉医生可以把菲利佩的心脏移植给唐娜,手术非常成功。
菲利佩的心脏在唐娜的身上有力地跳动着,让她过着正常的生活。
[答案与解析]
16.B。
根据第一段中“DonnaAshlock...wasverysick.Shehadabadheart.”“shemusthaveanewheart,orshewilldiesoon.”和第二段中“FelipeCarza,15,wasworriedaboutDonna.FelipewasDonna'sfriend.”可知,Felipe担心Donna是因为Donna病得厉害。
故选B项。
17.B。
根据第一段中“Donnaneedsanewheart”和“shemusthaveanewheart,orshewilldiesoon.”可知,Donna需要一个新的心脏。
故选B项。
18.C。
根据倒数第三段中的“Theoperationwasasuccess.Felipe'sheartwasbeatinginDonna'schest,butDonnadidn'tknowit.Herparentsanddoctorsdidn'ttellher.Theywaiteduntilshewasstronger;thentheytoldheraboutFelipe.”可知,唐娜强壮起来后才知道菲利佩捐心脏的事。
故选C项。
B
Europeanofficialshaveapprovednewrulesontheproductionandmarketingoffooddevelopedthroughgeneticengineering.ReportssaytheapprovalcouldleadtotheendofaEuropeanbanonnewbiotechnologyproducts.
TheEuropeanParliamentapprovedtherules.ParliamentmemberDavidBoweofBritainproposedthenewmeasures.Hecalledthemthestrongestbiotechnologyrulesintheworld.Tobecomelaw,thefifteenEuropeanUnionmembercountriesstillmustapprovetherules.Thatprocessmaytakeeighteenmonths.
Thenewrulesincludestrongercontrolofgeneticallymodifiedfood,seedsanddrugproducts.Theyalsorequiregovernmentstokeeppublicrecordsofwheresuchcropsaregrown.
Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.Thechangedgenedirectstheplanttodothingsitnormallycan'tdo.Forexample,thetreatedplantsmayproducemorecrops.Ortheymayresistharmfulinsects.Thisreducestheneedforfarmerstousechemicalstokillinsects.
Theuseofgeneticengineeringinagriculturehasbeendebatedaroundtheworldinrecentyears.TheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration,manyAmericanfarmersandagriculturecompaniessaysuchcropsaresafe.ButmanypeopleintheUnitedStatesandothercountriesdisagree.
SomecountrieshaveclosedtheirmarketstoAmericanfarmproductsbecauseofconcernsaboutgeneticengineering.TherehavebeenlargeprotestsagainstbiotechnologycropsacrossEurope.OfficialsinseveralEuropeanUnionmembercountriesquestionthesafetyofbiotechnologyproducts.
TheEUhasapprovedpermitsforfewerthantwentysuchproducts.Inthepastthreeyears,Europeanofficialshavestoppedapprovingpermitsbecauseofconcernsaboutpublichealthandtheenvironment.Companiesproducingsuchfoodsarewaitingforapprovaltoseveralproducts.
EnvironmentalactivistshavewarnedtheEUagainstendingthebanonnewbiotechnologyproducts.
Onegroup,FriendsoftheEarth,saysthemeasuresapprovedbytheEuropeanParliamentwillnothelpthepublic,farmersortheenvironment.
( )19.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardgeneticallymodifiedfood?
A.Optimistic.B.Objective.
C.Dissatisfied.D.Curious.
( )20.TheexampleinParagraph4ismentionedinorderto .
A.listtheadvantagesofgeneticallymodifiedfood
B.makeacomparisonbetweencommonfoodandgeneticallymodifiedfood
C.explainhowgeneticengineeringisappliedtocropproduction
D.explainwhygeneticallymodifiedfoodisnotsafe
( )21.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.ThenewruleshavebecomelawinEurope.
B.Theuseofgeneticengineeringinagriculturesavestheneedtousechemicalstokillinsects.
C.ItstillhasalongwaytogoforgeneticallymodifiedfoodtobeacceptedbytheEuropeans.
D.EuropeancountriescaremoreaboutfoodsafetythantheUSA.
( )22.Thepassageismainlyintendedto .
A.informthereadersthatnewrulesongeneticallymodifiedfoodhavebeenapprovedbytheEuropeanParliament
B.warnpeoplethatgeneticallymodifiedfoodisfarfromsafe
C.presentdifferentopinionsongeneticallymodifiedfood
D.giveabriefintroductionofgeneticengineering
[语篇导读]
本文属于新闻,欧洲议会通过了针对转基因食品的新规则。
这一做法在欧洲引起了轩然大波。
[答案与解析]
19.B。
推理判断题。
纵观全文,欧洲议会通过了针对转基因食品的新规则。
这一做法在欧洲引起了轩然大波,作者对转基因食品进行了客观地描述。
故选B项。
20.C。
推理判断题。
根据第四段Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.Thechangedgenedirectstheplanttodothingsitnormallycan'tdo.可知,基因工程是改变生物基因的一门科学,改变之后的基因能够让作物起着本身没有的作用,后面的例子向读者解释了基因工程是如何运用于作物生产的。
故选C。
21.C。
推理判断题。
根据倒数第四段OfficialsinseveralEuropeanUnionmembercountriesquestionthesafetyofbiotechnologyproducts.以及最后一段Onegroup,FriendsoftheEarth,saysthemeasuresapprovedbytheEuropeanParliamentwillnothelpthepublic,farmersortheenvironment.可知,很多欧洲人对转基因食品仍持排斥态度,所以要他们接受还需要很长一段时间。
B项中的savetheneedtodosth.意为“省去做某事的必要”,和原文中的reduce(减少)不是一个概念。
故选C。
22.A。
主旨大意题。
本文属于新闻报道,文章第一段指出写作目的是让读者知道欧洲议会批准了对转基因食品的新规定。
故选A。
三、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tipsonbetterfamilytime
Nowadaysparentsandtheirchildrenarespendinglesstimecommunicatingwitheachother.23. ItisreportedthatAmericanparentstodayspendabout40%lesstimewiththeirchildrenthanparentsdidagenerationago.Tokeepyourfamilytimecreativeandenjoyable,belowisalistofhelpfulfamilytimetips.
Eattogetherandlistentoeachother.
Sharingamealtogetherallowsparentsandtheirchildrentheopportunitytotalkabouteachother'slives.24.
Readoften.
Itisimportantforparentstoreadtotheirchildren.Readingtoyourchildrencultivates(培养)aninterestinknowledge.Italsoincreasestheirattentionandhelpsthembemorecurious.25. Afterreading,askquestionsaboutwhatthebooksareabout.
26.
Chooseanactivitythatyourchildrenareinterestedin.Itcanopenthedoortoexcitingfamilytime.Onceachildlearnsanewskill,lethimorhertaketheleadwithyourcheck.
Planafamilyouting.
27. Jumpintothefamilycarandgoforadrive.Prepareapicniclunchorvisitalocalpark.Alsoavisittothezooormuseumwillsparkachild'senthusiasmandleadtoalongdiscussion.
A.Startahobbyornewactivity.
B.Itisveryimportantforchildrentoexercise.
C.Sometimesgettingoutofthehouseisimportant.
D.Lookforbooksthatyourchildrenwouldenjoyreading.
E.Newtechnologyhasmadevideogamesmorepopularwithchildren.
F.Asaresult,manychildrenaregettinglesslovethantheirparentsoncegot.
G.Thisisalsoatimeforparentstolistentoandgiveadvicetotheirchildren.
[语篇导读]
本文是一篇