综合教程第四册Unit 5 Text I 词汇.docx
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综合教程第四册Unit5TextI词汇
THETAPESTRYOFFRIENDSHIP
EllenGoodman
◆EllenGoodman:
EllenGoodmanisaBostonGlobeOnlinecolumnistandastylishwriterwithahumanizingtouchonanyissue,publicorpersonal.Sheiswidelyacclaimedasavoiceofsanity,andreadersdependonhertohelpthemmakesenseoftheirchanginglivesandrelationships.Goodman’sfirstbook,TurningPoints,detailstheeffectofthechangingrolesofwomenonthefamily.Fivecollectionsofhercolumnshavebeenpublished:
ClosetoHome,AtLarge,KeepinginTouch,MakingSenseandValueJudgments.Sheisalsoco-authorwithPatriciaO’BrienofIKnowJustWhatYouMean:
ThePowerofFriendshipinWomen'sLives.
◆tapestry:
n.apictureorpatternthatismadebyweavingcoloredwoolontoheavycloth;theartofdoingthis壁毯；挂毯；织锦
n.sthresemblingarichlyandcomplexlydesignedcloth
1Itwas,inmanyways,aslightmovie.Nothingactuallyhappened.Therewasnobig-budgetchasescene,nobloodyshoot-out.Thestoryendedwithoutanycosmicconclusions.
◆slight:
adj.1）verysmallindegree轻微的；略微的
e.g.aslightincrease/change/delay/difference略微的增长/变化/拖延/差异
Iwokeupwithaslightheadache.我醒来时有点头痛。
Shetakesoffenceattheslightestthing.（=isveryeasilyoffended）.
她动辄生气。
Therewasnottheslightesthintoftrouble.当时看不出丝毫会出现麻烦的迹象。
2）smallandthininsize细小的；纤细的；瘦小的
e.g.aslightwoman
3）（formal）notdeservingseriousattention无须重视的；不足道的
Thisisaveryslightnovel.这是一部不足道的小说。
n.~（onsb/sth）anactoraremarkthatcriticizessthoroffendssb侮慢；冷落；轻视
syn:
insult
e.g.Nicktookhercommentasaslightonhisabilitiesasamanager.
尼克认为她的话是藐视他当经理的能力。
v.（usuallypassive）totreatsbrudelyorwithoutrespect侮慢；冷落；轻视
syn:
insult
e.g.Shefeltinsultedbecauseshehadn’tbeeninvited.
◆budget:
n.（C,U）themoneythatisavailabletoapersonoranorganizationandaplanofhowitwillbespentoveraperiodoftime预算
e.g.amonthly/anannual/afamilybudget每月/年度/家庭预算
theeducation/defencebudget教育预算/国防预算
◆shoot-out:
n.afightthatisfoughtwithgunsuntilonesideiskilledordefeated
你死我活的枪战
penaltyshoot-out:
（infootball/soccer）awayofdecidingthewinnerwhenbothteamshavethesamescoreattheendofagame.Eachteamisgivenanumberofchancestokicktheballintothegoalandtheteamthatscoresthemostgoalswins.罚点球决定胜负
◆cosmic:
adj.（usuallybeforenoun）1）connectedwiththewholeuniverse宇宙的
e.g.Doyoubelieveinthecosmicplan?
你相信冥冥中的安排吗？
2）verygreatandimportant巨大且重要的
e.g.Thiswasdisasteronacosmicscale.这是塌天大祸。
cosmosn.thecosmos（sing.）theuniverse,especiallywhenitisthoughtofasanorderedsystem（尤指被视为有序体系时的）宇宙
e.g.thestructureofthecosmos宇宙的结构
ourplaceinthecosmos我们在宇宙中的位置
2YetshefoundClaudiaWeill’sfilmGirlfriendgentleandaffecting.Slowly,itpannedacrossthetapestryoffriendship–showingitsfragility,itsresiliency,itsroleastheconnectingtissuebetweenthelivesoftwoyoungwomen.
◆ClaudiaWeill:
Directorandcinematographer（电影摄影技师）,ClaudiaWeillisbestknownforherfilmGirlFriends（1978）,whichchroniclesthestruggleofayounggirltobecomeaprofessionalphotographerandmaintainafriendshipwithafemalepal.Priortomakingthispopularfilm,Weillspenttenyearsasacamerawomananddocumentarist.
◆Girlfriend:
DirectedbyClaudiaWeill,GirlfriendsisabelievablerelationshipstoryofayoungJewishwomanwhoistryingtomakeitonherown,copingwithwork,romanceandfriendshipatthesametimeandhastoacceptthemarriageofherbestfriendandroommate.Itseemedalmostrevolutionaryin1978whenitwasfirstreleased.Itisasmallmoviethatmadeabigsplashwithitsfocusonwomen’sinteriorlives.
◆affecting:
adj.（formal）producingstrongfeelingsofsadnessandsympathy
深深打动人的；感动人的；激起怜悯的
affect:
v.1）（oftenpassive）toproduceachangeinsb/sth
e.g.Howwillthesechangesaffectus?
这些变化对我们会有什么影响？
Youropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.
你的意见不会影响我的决定。
Thesouthofthecountrywasworstaffectedbythedrought.
该国南方旱情最严重。
2）（oftenpassive）（ofadisease）toattacksborapartofthebody;tomakesbbecomeill/sick
（疾病）侵袭；使感染
e.g.Theconditionaffectsoneinfivewomen.每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。
Rubthecreamintotheaffectedareas.把乳膏揉进感染处。
3）（oftenpassive）tomakesbhavestrongfeelingsofsadness,pity,etc.
（感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等）
e.g.Theyweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
4）（formal）topretendtobefeelingorthinkingsth假装
e.g.Sheaffectedacalmnessshedidnotfeel.
5）（formal,disapproving）touseorwearsththatisintendedtoimpressotherpeople
炫耀；做作地使用（或穿戴）
syn:
puton
e.g.Iwishhewouldn’taffectthatridiculousaccent.
affection:
1）（U,sing.）~（forsb/sth）thefeelingoflikingorlovingsb/sthverymuchandcaringthem喜爱；钟爱
e.g.Mr.Darcy’saffectionforhissister达西先生对他妹妹的关爱之情
Childrenneedlotsofloveandaffection.孩子需要多多疼爱和关怀。
Hedidn’tshowhiswifeanyaffection.他没有向妻子表示一点爱。
Shewasheldindeepaffectionbyallherstudents.
她的学生十分爱戴她。
IhaveagreataffectionforNewYork.我很喜欢纽约。
2）affections（pl.）（formal）aperson’sfeelingsoflove爱情
e.g.Annehadtwomentryingtowinheraffections.安妮有两个男人追求。
◆pan:
v.1）（usuallypassive）（informal）toseverelycriticizesthsuchasaplayorafilm/movie
严厉批评；抨击（戏剧、电影等）syn:
slate
2）ifatelevisionorvideocamerapanssomewhere,orapersonpansorpansacamera,thecameramovesinaparticulardirection,tofollowanobjectortofilmawidearea
（移动摄像机）追拍；摇摄
e.g.Thecamerapannedbacktotheaudience.摄像机摇回拍摄观众。
Hepannedthecameraalongtherowoffaces.他移动摄像机顺着这一排面孔拍摄。
3）~（forsth）towashsoilorsmallstonesinapantofindgoldorothervaluableminerals
（用淘选盘）淘洗；淘（金）
e.g.panningforgold淘金
panout:
（informal）（ofeventsorasituation）todevelopinaparticularway
以一定方式发生
e.g.I’mhappywiththewaythingshavepannedout.我对事情的发展感到很满意。
◆fragility:
n.
fragile:
adj.1）easilybrokenordamaged易碎的；易损的
e.g.fragilechina/glass/bones易碎的瓷器/玻璃制品/骨骼
2）weakanduncertain;easilydestroyedorspoilt不牢固的；脆弱的
e.g.afragilealliance/cesaefire/relationship
不牢固的联盟；不确定的停火/关系
Theeconomyremainsextremelyfragile.经济仍然极其脆弱。
3）delicateandoftenbeautiful纤巧的；精细的；纤巧美丽的
e.g.fragilebeauty纤美
Thewoman’sfragilefacebrokeintoasmile.那面孔秀丽的女子桀然一笑。
4）notstrongandlikelytobecomeill/sick虚弱的
e.g.Herfatherisnow86andinfragilehealth.
（BrE,informal）I’mfeelingabitfragileafterlastnight.（=notwell,perhapsbecauseofdrinkingtoomuchalcohol）.昨夜以后我觉得身子有点虚（可能是纵酒所致）。
◆resiliency:
n.U（alsolessfrequent:
resiliency）
1）theabilityofpeopleorthingstofeelbetterquicklyaftersthunpleasant,suchasshock,injury,etc.迅速恢复的能力；适应力
2）theabilityofasubstancetoreturntoitsoriginalshapeafterithasbeenbent,stretchedorpressed还原能力；弹力
3Whenitwasover,shethoughtaboutthemoviesshehadseenthisyear–Julia，TheTurningPointandnowGirlfriends.Itseemedthatthepeculiareye,thesociallensofthecinema,haddrasticallyshifteditsfocus.SuddenlytheMaleBuddymovieshadbeenreplacedbytheFemaleFriendshipflicks.
◆Julia:
Afilmproducedin1977,JuliacentresonLillian’srelationshipwithherlifelongfriendJulia,astorythattakesplaceinthe1930s.Theirrelationshipgoesbeyondmereacquaintance,andissustainedbylove.Afterbecomingafamousplaywright,Lillianisinvitedtoawriters’conferenceinRussia.Julia,havingtakenupthebattleagainstfascism,enlistsLillianenroutetosmugglemoneythroughNaziGermany,whichwillassistintheanti-Fascismcause.Itisadangerousmission.DuringabriefmeetingwithJulia,LillianlearnsthatJuliahashadachildnamedLily.ShortlyafterreturningtotheStates,LillianisinformedofJulia’smurder,thedetailsofwhicharenotdisclosed.LilliantravelssadlytoEnglandtosearchforJulia’schild,havingpromisedJuliatocareforher.
◆TheTurningPoint:
Hereisthesynopsisofthismovie:
FormerdancecolleaguesDeedeeandEmmaarereunitedwhenEmma’sNewYorkballetcompanystopsinOklahomaCityforaperformance.Havingdroppedhercareerformarriageandmotherhood,DeedeeenviesEmma’slimelightlife;agingEmma,realizingthatherdaysasastararenumbered,wishesthatshehadthefulfillmentofafamilylikeDeedee’s.TensionssimmerwhenDeedee’stalentedteenagedaughterEmiliamovestoNewYorktojoinEmma’scompany.AsEmmamaternallybondswithEmilia,andEmiliafallsinlovewiththewomanizingdancerYuri,Deedeefeelsthatsheislosingherplaceevenasamother.AfterEmilia’striumphantdebut,Deedee’sandEmma’sresentmentsboiloverintoanall-outcatfightthatendswhentheyrealizethattheycanuniteinhappinessforEmilia’sfuture.
◆drastically:
adv.
drastic:
adj.1）extremeinawaythathasasudden,seriousorviolenteffectonsth
极端的；急剧的；严厉的；猛烈的
e.g.drasticmeasures/changes严厉的措施；剧烈的变化
Thegovernmentisthreateningtotakedrasticaction.
政府警告说要采取断然措施。
adrasticshortageoffood食物的极度短缺
Talktomebeforeyoudoanythingdrastic.你采取任何重大行动之前要跟我谈谈。
drastically:
adv.e.g.Outputhasbeendrasticallyreduced.产量已急剧下降。
Thingshavestartedtogodrasticallywrong.情况变得完全失控。
◆shift:
v.1）~（sth）（from…）（to…）tomove,ormovesth,fromonepositionorplacetoanother
转移；挪动
e.g.TheactionofthenovelshiftsfromParistoLondon.
小说情节从巴黎移到了伦敦。
Lydiashifteduncomfortablyinherchair.莉迪亚在椅子上不安地动来动去。
Heshiftedhisgazefromthechildtoher.他把目光从孩子身上移到她身上。
Couldyouhelpmeshiftsomefurniture?
你能帮我挪几件家具吗？
Sheshiftedherweightfromonefoottotheother.
她把身体的重量从一只脚换到另一只脚上。
2）~（yourself）（BrE,informal）tomovequickly赶快；迅速移动
3）~（from…）（to/towards/toward…）（ofasituation,anopini
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