中科院英语听说教程《轻松听轻松说》上册听力原文及答案Unit 1.docx

中科院英语听说教程《轻松听轻松说》上册听力原文及答案Unit 1.docx

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中科院英语听说教程《轻松听轻松说》上册听力原文及答案Unit1

UNIT1

It’sNicetoKnowYou!

IntroductionsandConversationStarters

Introduction

Inmanysituations,Americanpeopleintroducethemselvesusingtheirfirstnames,andpreferthatotherscallthembytheirfirstnames.ButBritishpeopleandolderpeopleineithercountry,maybemoreformal,preferringtobeintroducedandcalledbytheirtitleandlastname.

Oftenwhenthereisadifferenceinstatusoragebetweentwoindividuals,formaltitlesandlastnamesareusedunlessthepersonoflowerstatusistoldtousethefirstname.Forexample:

M:

Hello,mynameisBobThomas.

W:

It’snicetomeetyou,Mr.Thomas.

M:

Please,justcallmeBob.

Ininformalintroductionsthereisatendencytoreducestatusdifferencebyusingfirstnames.Inmoreformalsituations,thetitlealongwiththelastnameisappropriate.Forexample,whenastudentintroducesherselftoauniversityprofessor,shemightsay:

“Hello,Dr.McCarrick.MynameisSusanHall.Iwouldliketoaskyouaboutyourcourse.”

AnswerstotheQuestions:

1.Formaltitlesandlastnamesareused.Forexample,Mr.,Ms.,Dr.andsoon.

2.Theuseoffirstnames.Forexample,Bob,Tomandsoon.

DiscussionQuestions:

1.HowdoChinesepeoplemakeformalintroductionsandaddresspeopleofhigherstatus?

2.WhenspeakingChinese,howdoyoumakeinformalintroductions?

3.Whenmeetingandspeakingwithsomeoneofthesamestatus,wouldyouuseformalterms?

InChinese?

InEnglish?

BackgroundInformation:

UseofTitlesinIntroductions

Usually,atitlecannotbecombinedwithagivenname.SoformssuchasMr.Michael,orMissHelenarenormallyunacceptable.Theuseofthehonorarytitle‘Sir’withaman’sgivennameisanexception.

e.g.FrederickCatherwood—SirFrederick

ElizabethCatherwood—LadyCatherwood.

Infact,thereisanincreasingtendencyamongWesternyoungpeopletousetheirgivennameinallbutthemostformalsituations.

InBritain,teachersarenormallyaddressedasfollows:

Primaryschool:

Sir/MissorTitle+surname

Secondaryschool:

Title+SurnameorSir/Miss.

UniversityorCollege:

Title+Surnameorgivenname.

RulestoGoByinInterpersonalCommunications

Generally,onemaybeintroducedbyothersormakeself-introductionatthefirstmeet.Nomatterbeingintroducedormakingself-introduction,thewayshouldbenaturalandnotprecipitate.Whenintroducingaperson,youshouldgesturepolitelybyhand.Pointingwithfingersisnotacceptable.

Therearesequencesinintroduction.Youshouldintroducetheyoungorpeopleinlowranktotheoldorpeopleinhighrank;menshouldbeintroducedtowomen.Whendoingintroductionallpeopleshouldstandupexceptwomenandtheelder.Howeverthismightbeneglectedattable.Theintroducedcouldjustgivesomeindicationlikesmileornod.

Handshakingisetiquettewhenmeetingorpartinginmostcountries.Onsocialoccasions,handshakeisnotunusual.Generally,handshakehappensatmeetingandintroducing.Usuallymakeaholdwithouteffort.Howevertheyoungorpeopleinlowrankshouldgoforwardtoshowrespecttotheoldorpeopleinhighrank.Menonlyholdthefingerpartofwomen.

Therearesequencesinhandshaketoo.Hosts,theold,peopleinhighrankandwomenshouldoffertheirhandsfirst.Guests,theyoungandpeopleinlowrankgreetfirstthenwaitforhandsoftheircounterpartsthenholdthem.Donotintercrosswhilemanypeoplehandshakeatthesametime.Waittillothersfinishtheirhandshake.Menshouldtakeofftheirglovesandhatsbeforehandshake（accordingtowesterncustom,peopleinhighrankorwomenmighthandshakewithgloves）.Whenattendinglarge-scaleactivity,fortherearetoomanypeople,youcouldhandshakewiththehostsandgreetotherswithnodding,insteadofhandshaking.Soldierswithhatshouldraisetheirhandsthenhandshake.Youshouldlookatyourpartnernototherswithsmile.SomepeoplefromBuddhistcountriesinSouthandEastAsiadonothandshake,insteadtheyclosetheirhandstogreetothers.Howeverwedonotdothisexceptwearetreatedthisway.

Whenmeetingacquaintancesfromdistanceinpublicplaces,generallyyoumayraiseyourrighthandtogreetandnod.Hand-kissingandgoingdowntoone’skneesaretheancientEuropeanetiquette,notoftenusedatpresentbutstillpossible.

EyeContactandHandshakinginIntroductions

DirecteyecontactandfirmhandshakesduringintroductionsarecustomaryintheUnitedStates.Inintroductionsaswellasingeneralconversations,speakersmaintainfrequenteyecontact.Mostpeoplebecomenervousiffrequenteyecontactturnsintodirectstaring.Whenshakinghands,peopleshakefirmlyandbriefly.Theexpression,“Heshakeshandslikeadeadfish”referstoalimphandshake,asignintheAmericancultureofaweakcharacter.Prolongedhandshakingisnotusual.

Problemscanarisewhenthesecu