高中英语典型易错错误辨析.docx

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高中英语典型易错错误辨析.docx

高中英语典型易错错误辨析

高中英语典型易错错误辨析

[大][中][小]发布人:

圣才学习网  发布日期:

2010-06-1117:

16  共292人浏览

  1.Mary'smotheristallerthanmy.(?

  Mary'smotheristallerthanmine.(?

  [解析]人称代词的主格可以作主语,如:

YouandIaregoodfriends.其宾格可以作介词宾语或及物动词宾语,如:

I'mlookingforher,物主代词中形容词性物主代词可以作定语来修饰名词,如:

mychildhood;Thiswatchisyours,Mineisyellow.

  反身代词在句中可以作宾语或同位语如:

  HetaughthimselfEnglish.

  2.TheZhangsiswatchingTV.(?

  TheZhangsarewatchingTV.(?

  [解析]the加姓氏的复数表示某某一家人或夫妇俩人,所以要用复数形式的谓语动词。

  3.---Sincewehaveonlyafewhoursleft.Weshouldcarefullytakeadvantageofit.(?

  ----Sincewehaveonlyafewhoursleft.Weshouldcarefullytakeadvantageofthem.(?

  [解析]要注意人称代词的人称、数、性、格在句中的一致性,这里hours应与them一致。

  4.Heandyoushoulddotheirhomework.(?

  Youandheshoulddoyourhomework.(?

  [解析]用and连接的主语中如有一个是第一人称,则其后的人称代词应用第一人称与之呼应。

如无第一人称而有第二人称,则要用第二人称代词与之相呼应,否则用第三人称,如:

  JohnandIaregoodfriends.Weareclassmates.

  TomandMaryshoulddotheirbest.

  5.Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.(?

  Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.(?

  [解析]用or,either…or,neither…nor连接两主语时,如两主语是单数时,则要用单数代词,如两主语都是复数时用复数代词,如:

Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.

  但若连接的是一单一复两名词时,总要将单数名词放在前面而复数名词放在后面,而其后用复数代名词,如:

  Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroom.

  6.Yournewcariswonderful.Howmuchdoeshecost?

(?

  Yournewcariswonderful.Howmuchdoesshecost?

(?

  [解析]在谈论到有感情的事物时,如:

车辆、船只、国家,常用she作代词,饲养的动物也可以用he,she来代替。

如:

  Givethecatsomefood.Maybesheishungry.

  7.Astudentshoulddoherbesttostudy.

  Astudentshoulddohis(her)besttostudy.

  [解析]若名词是男女两性兼有的名词,按传统习惯其代名词应用he,但现代英语中可以用he/she,his/her….

  8.He,youandIaregoodfriends.

  You,heandIaregoodfriends.

  [解析]代词名词并列时,其先后顺序分两种情况:

其一.单数代名词时为:

youandI,youandhe,sheandI,you,he

  andI。

  其二.是复数代名词时为weandyou,weandthey,youandthey,we,youandthey。

  但两性名词并列时男性在前,女性在后,如:

Heandsheareinthesameclass.

  9.Hersisterisasbeautifulasher.(?

  Hersisterisasbeautifulasshe.(?

  [解析]因as是连词其后应视为省略句,即assheis。

  10.Hersisterismorebeautifulthanher.(?

  Hersisterismorebeautifulthanshe.(?

  [解析]因than也是连词其后也应视为省略句。

  11."Whobroketheglass?

""I."(?

  "Whobroketheglass?

""Me."(?

  [解析]在简略答语中主格往往用宾格来代替而且不要有助动词。

否则必须用主格,如:

  "Idon'twanttowatchTV."

  "Me,neither."(NeitherdoI.)

  12.Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.(?

  Ilikeyouasmuchasher.(?

  [解析]因为as后的省略句应为asIlikeher.而第一句语法不错但应译为我像她一样喜欢你。

  13.ThewritersaresheandI.(?

  "Who'sthat?

""It'sme."(?

  [解析]标准语法中作主语补语时应用主格,但在日常口语及习惯用语中常常用宾格,所以有人干脆直称其名,如:

ThewritersareMaryandTom.(I即是Tom)

  14.Ithinkitishe.(?

)因it是主语,则he是主语补语。

  Ithinkittobehim.(?

)因it是宾语则要用him.

  15.Iwastakentobehe.(我被误认成他)(?

  Thepolicemancaughthimbyhisarm.(?

  Thepolicemancaughthimbythearm.(?

  [解析]在谈论触及身体某一部位时要用touch/catch/hit…/+人+by+the+身体部位,这里的定冠词不能用形容词性物主代词。

  16.Hisbooksarenew,butyourareold.(?

  Hisbooksarenew,butyoursareold.(?

  [解析]代词应与其代替的名词保持一致。

  17.Myselfdidityesterday.(?

  Imyselfdidityesterday.(?

  [解析]反身代词不可作主语,但可作主语同位语。

  18.Takecareofourselves.(?

  Takecareofyourselves(yourself)(?

  [解析]祈使句的主语应作you看待。

  19.Oneshouldnotliveforoneselfalone.(?

  Oneshouldnotliveforhimselfalone.(?

  [解析]英语中one的反身代词应为oneself,而现代英语中却常常用himself。

  20.Pleasebringyoursonwithyourself.(?

  Pleasebringyoursonwithyou.(?

  [解析]要注意介词宾语不要用反身代词。

  21.Youmustalllookafteryourselfduringyourtrip.(?

  Youmustalllookafteryourselvesduringyourtrip.(?

  [解析]要注意反身代词与其名词的一致性。

因这里有all,所以you应看做你们。

  22.Helpyourselfforthefruit.(?

  Helpyourselftothefruit.(?

  [解析]这里的to是习惯用法。

要注意与反身代词连用的动词,如:

  enjoyyourself(玩得开心)

  makeyourselfathome(不要拘束)

  loseoneself(迷路)

  cometooneself(苏醒)

  seatyourself(请坐)

  23.Ilikethesepink.Whichdoyouprefer?

(?

  Ilikethesepinkones.Whichdoyouprefer?

(?

  [解析]指示代词有this,that(指单数),those,these(指复数),而that,those指相对远处的东西,而this,these为近处的东西,在美语中ones有时被省略,如:

Ipreferthesebookstothose.但如其后接形容词了则ones就不能省略了。

下句中的days也不能省略。

Workwasdifficultinthosedays.

  24.---We'llgotovisittheScienceandTechnologyMuseumthisafternoon.Thatwillbeinteresting.(?

  ---We'llgotovisittheScienceandTechnologyMuseumthisafternoon.Thiswillbeinteresting.(?

  [解析]在讲述过去事时用that,而讲述将要发生的事时用this。

如:

"Wecangotoseeafilmthisweekend."

  "That'sagoodidea."这里用that是指前面提到的那件事。

  25.Who'sthisspeaking?

That’sMary.(?

  Who'sthatspeaking?

This'sMary.(?

  [解析]在谈话和电话用语中this指自己,而that指对方。

  26.Whatdoyouwanttodowiththatfivethousanddollars?

(?

  I'vebeenwritingthisbookthesefiveyears.(?

  [解析]that,this,those,these这四个指示代词都可以用在那些表示一段时间、一笔钱数的名词前面与之连用。

因为把钱数和一段时间可以当作一个整体看。

  27.Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.(?

  Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.(?

  [解析]为了避免重复,可以用that或those来代替句中前面提到的词,如:

Thebookisbetterthanthatwhichwassoldinthisshop.

  28---Studyandplayarebothnecessarytostudents,thisgivesusknowledgeandthatgivesusrest.(?

  ----Studyandplayarebothnecessarytostudents,thisgivesusrest,andthatgivesusknowledge.(?

  [解析]在that…this和those…these的表达法中that与those表示前者,而this,these表示后者。

同样theone…theother如:

MaryandTomaregoodatChinese,theone(Mary)speaksbetterChinesethantheother(Tom).

  29.Underthiswordsshewentoutoftheclassroom.(?

  Withthesewordsshewentoutoftheclassroom.(?

  [解析]withthis是习惯用法,

  withthesewords应译为说着这些话。

  thatnight(那晚)

  thatway/thisway(那边/这边)

  bythis=bynow(到了这个时候)

  atthis/that(一听到,一见到/这点就……)

  thatistosay(即,就是说)

  withthis(这样说着,一面说一面干)

  30.I'mtirednow.Ican'tgosofar.(?

  I'mtirednow,soIcan'tgothatfar.(?

  [解析]this,that在口语中常常可以作副词,表示如此。

  31.Ihopenevertomeetsuchanotherman.(?

  Ihopenevertomeetanothersuchman.(?

  [解析]such必须用在no,one,another,some,many,all等词之后。

such作代词就是指如前所述的意思,如:

Imayhurtherfeelings,butsuchwasnotmyintention.但such作形容词的场合更多。

  32.--Itissogoodweatherthateveryonewantstogoforapicnic.(?

  ---Itissuchgoodweatherthateveryonewantstogoforapicnic.(?

  [解析]用在可数名词单数时,两者都可以用,但用法不同,如:

  Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikesit.

  Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikesit.

  在不可数名词前,或可数名词复数前只能用such,如:

  ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.

  TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.

  在many,much,little,few这四个字前只能用so,在只有形容词的情况下也只能用so,如:

  Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshelikes.

  Sheissolovelythateveryonelikesher.

  33.MylittlebrotherisquiteinterestedinwhatIdid.Healwaystriedtodosame.(?

  MylittlebrotherisquiteinterestedinwhatIdid.Healwaystriedtodothesame.(?

  [解析]same用作代词时常常要与the连用,如:

  ---"Haveagoodweekend"

  ---"Thesametoyou."

  34.Ireceivedthesamepostcardthatshereceivedyesterday.(?

  Ireceivedthesamepostcardasshereceivedyesterday.(?

  [解析]thesame…as意为与……一样,而thesame…that意为就是那个。

如:

ThisisthesamebikeasIlostyesterday.(这与我昨天丢失的自行车一样。

即不是我丢失的那辆)

  ThisisthesamebikethatIlostyesterday.(这就是我昨天丢失的那辆车)

  Incorrect:

Thelittleboyaskedmealotofquestions,butIstillliked

  himallsame.

  35.Thelittleboyaskedmealotofquestions,butIstilllikedhimallthesame.(?

  [解析]与same有关的习惯用法也与the分不开的allthesame为仍然,还有:

  beallthesametosomebody(对某人来讲是一样的)

  atthesametime(在同一时间)

  cometothesamething(结果相同)

  36.IsthatteacherfromEngland?

Ithinknot.(?

  IsthatteacherfromEngland?

Idon'tthinkso.(?

  [解析]so可以作为代词,代替一个整句,但在作答语时要注意,肯定句中为Ithink/believe/suppose/hope…so,但在否定句中则是Idon'tthink/believe/suppose…so,而hope/believe则应用为Ihope/believenot。

  37.Youdidyourhomework.SoIdid.(?

  Youdidyourhomework.SodidI.(?

  [解析]so用作答语时,如讲同一动作适用于不同的两个主语时要倒装。

  38."Englishisdifficulttolearn.""Soisit."(?

  "Englishisdifficulttolearn.""Soitis."(?

  [解析]在仅仅是对对方意见表示同意时则不倒装。

  与so有关的短语,如:

  Itoldyouso.我告戒过你。

  Everybodysaysso.每人都这样讲。

  39.Everyoneshoulddoone'sbest.(?

  Everyoneshoulddohisbest.(?

  [解析]不定代词最多,其用法也最复杂。

它们主要有:

afew(few),alittle(little),any,another,anybody,anything,anyone,all,both,either,everybody,eacheveryone,everyone,many,much,most,neither,none,nobody,noone,nothing,one,other,some,somebody,someone,someone,something…这些代词每一个都有自己的用法特点和习惯用法,切记要一个字一个字地学习,不可以偏概全一致造成错误。

one作代词时它的复数形式是ones,所有格one's,反身代词oneself,one在指某一人时相当于anyone,所以要用:

oneshoulddoone'sbest,但如one与别的词组成的其他词,或有修饰词短语时,则要用his/her,his/hers,himself/herself。

  40.Yourbikeisnotasnewasyourbrother'sone.(?

  Yourbikeisnotasnewasyourbrother's.(?

  [解析]在my,John's,two,three等数词,both,some,后面不可直接加one或ones,但如果名词前有了形容词则是可以使用的,如:

  Iboughttwodictionariesandtwoones.(?

  Iboughttwodictionaries,andtwogoodones.(?

  41.Nooneofthemismystudent.(?

  Noneofthemismystudent.(?

  [解析]noone相当于nobody其意为没有人,其作主语时用单数谓语动词,如:

  Nooneexpectsyoutobeperfect,butwedoexpectyoualwaystodoyourbest.但noone不与of结构连用,但用none作主语时,其谓语动词是可单可复数,要视具体情况而定。

通常要用of结构,不用of结构虽不是语法上的错误,但很不符合语言习惯,人们习惯于用:

  Noneoftheboysishere.

  Noonehasjumpedsuchhigh.

  而不讲Nonehasjumpedsuchhigh.

  42."Doyouhavemydictionary?

""Yes,Ihaveone."(?

  "Doyouhavemydictionary?

""Yes,Ihaveit."(?

  [解析]在作简略答语时it用来特指上文中提到的物体,而one则泛指某一个,如:

  1)--"Doyouhaveadictionary?

"

  --"Yes,Ihaveone."

  2)Thebooksyouboughtyesterdayaregoodone.(?

  Thebooksyouboughtyesterdayaregoodones.(?

  ones是one的复数形式。

  43."Whowonthegame?

""None."(?

  "Whowonthegame?

""Noone."(?

  [解析]在简略答语中用who来提问的句子的否定答语是noone,

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