浅析《小妇人》中主要的人物性格.docx

浅析《小妇人》中主要的人物性格.docx

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浅析《小妇人》中主要的人物性格

AnalysisontheCharacterinLittleWomen

浅析《小妇人》中主要的人物性格

ABSTRACT

LouisaMayAlcottwasanAmericanwriterwhowasbornin1832anddiedin1888.ShewasthedaughterofA.BrousenAlcott.Atearlytimeshelivedintheenvironmentofseniorintellectualandliterati.Soitwasnaturalforhertobegintodowritingwhenshewasyoung.LittleWomenisanovelpublishedin1868andwrittenbyAmericanauthorLouisaMayAlcott.ThestoryconcernsthelivesandlovesoffoursistersgrowingupduringtheAmericanCivilWar.ItwasbasedonAlcott'sownexperiencesasachildinConcord,Massachusettswithherthreesisters,Anna,May,andElizabeth.

Bydescribingthefourgirls’beingmatureexperienceandlifeexperiencebroughtdifferentfates,thispaperanalyzesthedifferentcharactersofthefourMarchgirlsandalsoanalyzesthefactorsthatinfluencetheircharacters.Throughthepaper,wecanseethekindness,loyalty,selflessness,generosity,respect,tolerance,perseveranceandcouragepromotedinthebook.Theyarealsothevirtuesandbeliefsthatpeoplealwaysrespectandpursuit.

KeyWords:

characteristics,lifeexperience,matureexperience

摘要

易莎.梅.奥尔科特，是美国作家，生于1832年，卒与1888年。

她是“康科德的圣人”A.布朗森·奥尔科特的女儿。

早期生活在一个高级知识分子和文人的环境中，很自然地在她还很年轻的时候就从事了写作。

《小妇人》是美国作家路易莎·梅·奥尔柯特的作品，也是她最著名与最成功的作品，描述南北战争期间一个家庭的生活与4位女儿的成长故事。

这本书是根据路易莎·梅·奥尔柯特自己和三个姐妹的真实的故事改编而成。

本论文通过对马奇家四姐妹在走向成熟过程中的种种感情体验和生活经历的所带来不同命运的描述,分析了她们不同的人物性格；同时也提出了影响她们性格的因素。

通过本论文的分析，我们可以看到小说中所提倡的善良、忠诚、无私、慷慨、尊重、宽容、坚韧、勇敢。

这些也是人类永远尊崇和追求的美德和信仰。

关键词：

人物性格；生活经历；成熟过程

1.Introduction

1.1Literaryreview

LittleWomenisanovelbyAmericanauthorLouisaMayAlcott（1832–1888）.ThebookwaswrittenandsetintheAlcottfamilyhome,OrchardHouse,inConcord,Massachusetts.Itwaspublishedintwovolumesin1868and1869.ItisoneofthemostagreeablejuvenilenovelsinAmericahistoryandhasbeenpopularforover100years.Therearedozensofversionsofthisbookindifferentlanguagesallaroundtheworld.Thenovelfollowsthelivesoffoursistersandislooselybasedontheauthor'schildhoodexperienceswithherthreesisters.Thefirstvolumewasanimmediatecommercialandcriticalsuccess,promptingthecompositionofthebook'ssecondvolumetitledGoodWives,whichwassuccessfulaswell.Thepublicationofthebookintheformofasinglevolumefirstoccurredin1880.AlcottfollowedLittleWomenwithtwosequels,alsofeaturingtheMarchsisters,LittleMen（1871）andJo'sBoys（1886）.LittleWomenhasbeenpopulareversinceitsfirstpublication;aftermorethan140years,itstillappealstoreadersyoungandold,femaleandmale–although,admittedly,themajorityofthenovel'slifelongloversarefemale.LittleWomenhasbeenadaptedasaplay,amusical,anopera,afilm,andanimation.

1.2Theintroductionofthenovel

ThebookmainlytalksaboutlivesoffourgirlsintheMarchfamilyduringtheCivilWar.Thefourgirlsare:

Megwhotakescareofherthreelittlesistersmaternallyandchoosestoliveapoorlifewithherbelovedone;boyishJowhoisbraveanddecisiveandhasherowndream;Bethwhoisangelicandsweetbutunfortunatelydiesofscarletfever;Amywhoisdelicateandtenderandlaterbecomesatruelady.Theirlivesarenotsoeasyastheyfacecrisisandroughness.Buttheymanagetomakelifemeaningfulandbeautiful.Andthroughallthedifficultiestheybuildthemselvesupasperfect,elegantladies.

1.3Thefocusofthethesis

LittleWomenisanovelaboutMarch’ssistersatthebackgroundofAmericanCivilWar.Itshowsusthefourgirls.Duringtheyear,littlewomenlearntogiveuptheirbadhabits,andtheymadedifferentfriends.Inthispaper,Iwilldiscussthedifferentcharactersoffourgirls’growthduringtheAmericanCivilWar.ItwasbasedonAlcott'sownexperiencesasachildinConcord,Massachusettswithherthreesisters,Anna,May,andElizabeth.Bydescribingthefourgirls’beingmatureexperienceandlifeexperiencebroughtdifferentfates,thispaperanalyzesthedifferentcharactersofthefourMarchgirlsandalsoanalyzesthefactorsthatinfluencetheircharacters.Throughthepaper,wecanseethekindness,loyalty,selflessness,generosity,respect,tolerance,perseveranceandcouragepromotedinthebook.Theyarealsothevirtuesandbeliefsthatpeoplealwaysrespectandpursuit.

.

2.DifferentCharactersofFourMarchGirls

2.1ThefirstDaughterMegMarch’sCharacter

2.1.1Hergeneraldescription

Meg,shortforMargaret,istheoldestand（untilAmygrowsup）theprettiestofthefourMarchsisters.Sheisverypretty,beingplumpandfair,withlargeeyes,plentyofsoftbrownhair,asweetmouth,andwhitehands,ofwhichshewasratherproud.She'salsothemosttypicalofthesisters–wethinkofheraseverythingthatyoumightexpectanineteenth-centuryAmericangirlfromagoodfamilytobe.Megrunsthehouseholdwhenhermotherisabsent.

2.1.2Hercharacter:

fondofluxury

Fromtheworkswecanbefoundthatshehasasmallweaknessforluxuryandleisure.Thatisvanity.Atthebeginningofthebook,sheclaimedthat:

“It'ssodreadfultobepoor!

"sighedMeg,lookingdownatherolddress.（3;ch.1）

WhenMegreceivedaregularnoteofinvitation,shewassoexcited.Shewavedthepreciouspaperandthenproceededtoreaditwithgirlishdelight.

"Youmusthavegloves,orIwon'tgo,"criedMegdecidedly."Glovesaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Youcan'tdancewithoutthem,andifyoudon'tIshouldbesomortified."①（3;ch.1）

Thosewordscanbebestillustratedbyherthischaracteristic.Asshesaid,shewas`fondofluxury',andherchieftroublewaspoverty.Shefoundithardertobearthantheothersbecauseshecouldrememberatimewhenhomewasbeautiful,lifefullofeaseandpleasure,andwantofanykindunknown.Shetriednottobeenviousordiscontented,butitwasverynaturalthattheyounggirlshouldlongforprettythings,gayfriends,accomplishments,andahappylife.

Herdreamistobewealthyoncemore,andhaveahugemansionwithlotsofservantsandexpensivepossessions.She'salsoabitofaromantic;whenshehastotellastorytoamusehersisters,it'saboutloveandmarriage,andJostartstosuspectprettyearlyonthatMegmighthaveareal-lifePrinceCharminginherthoughts.Megissweet-natured,dutiful,andnotatallflirtatious–infact,she'sunrealisticallygoodandproper.Perhapsthat'swhyshe'ssoalarmedbyhersisterJo'srambunctious,tomboyishbehavior.

EachoftheMarchsistershasatleastonemajorcharacterflawthatshestrugglestoovercome,andMegisnodifferent.Meg'sproblemis,well,avarice,greed,envy,wantingstuffthatotherpeoplehave.Whateveryoucallit,she'sgotitinspades.Megtriestosetasidehermaterialism,andgraduallylearnstovaluesimplethingsmorebecauseofthehardworkthatittakestoearnthem.

Beforeshegetstothatpoint,however,shespendsmany,manyhoursenvyingthefortuneandleisuredlifeofherfriendsSallieGardinerandtheMoffatgirls.Infact,atonepointMegallowstheMoffatstodressherupinfancyclothes,coveringherinmakeupandjewelryandmakinghershowfarmorecleavagethanademure,protestant,nineteenth-centurygirlreallyshould.Sheeven–weknowyou'llbehorrifiedhere–drinkschampagneatonepoint!

ItonlytakesMegoneboutofthiskindofvanityandwealth-worshiptorealizethatthepeopleshe'stryingtoimpressareunbelievablyshallow.Shedoesn'tfeellikeherself,andwhenshehearssomeoneatthepartysaythatshe'sdresseduplikeadoll,sherealizesthat'sexactlywhatshe'sturnedherselfinto,andsheneverdoesitagain.Evenatherwedding,Megwearsasimpledressthatshemakesherselfbyhand.

2.1.3Herunusualvirtue

Inspiteofhersmallvanities,Meghadasweetandpiousnature,whichunconsciouslyinfluencedhersisters,especiallyJo,wholovedherverytenderly,andobeyedherbecauseheradvicewassogentlygiven.

Assheistheeldestofthefour,sheknewherresponds.Whenhersistersmettroubles,sheisalwayswillingtohelpthem.Astheoldestdaughter,shehasalwaysshoulderedafairamountofresponsibility,particularlywithnothavingherfatherathome.She'salsothemosttypicalofthesisters–wethinkofheraseverythingthatyoumightexpectanineteenth-centuryAmericangirlfromagoodfamilytobe.She'stheonlysisterwhocanreallyrememberwhenherfamilyusedtobewealthy,andshefeelsnostalgicaboutthosegoodolddays.

2.2BoyishJoMarch’sCharacter

2.2.1Hergeneraldescription

JoMarchistheseconddaughterofMrs.March.Shehadadecidedmouth,acomicalnose,andsharp,grayeyes,whichappearedtoseeeverything,andwerebyturnsfierce,funny,orthoughtful.RoundshouldershadJo,bighandsandfeet,aflyawaylooktoherclothes,andtheuncomfortableappearanceofagirlwhowasrapidlyshootingupintoawomananddidn'tlikeit.Joloveswriting,dreamingofbeingafamouswriterandmakingmoneytohaveherfamilyliveabetterlife.Shelookslikeaboy,andreactswithimpatiencetothemanylimitationsplacedonwomenandgirls.HercharacterisbasedinlargepartonLouisaMayAlcottherself.Jo’scharacterisoutstandingothergirls.

2.2.2.Herunusualcharacter--boyish

ThereasonwhyJostoodoutcanbebestillustratedbyhercharacteristic.Itwashercharacteristicthatmadeherdifferentfromalltheothergirlsinthefamily.Unlikeothergirlswhobehavedlikequietwater,Jowasneithersoftnorgentle.Shewasjustlikeavigorousflamegivingendlesshappinessandenergy.Andshewasalwaysoptimisticandbravetosharetheburdenofthefamily.Sheactedlikeaboyanddeterminedtobelikeaman.Inthebeginningofthebook,sheclaimedthat:

"Ihatetoth