高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Units12考点突破练新人教版选修1.docx
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高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Units12考点突破练新人教版选修1
2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Units1~2考点突破练新人教版选修
（1）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lifehasn'talwaysbeeneasyforSareanaKimia，16.Herparentssplitupwhenshewasyoung，andshehasn'tseenherdadsinceshewas10.InJunexx，sheandhermom，ShefaliGupta，foundoutthattheywouldsoonbeevicted（逐出）fromtheirhome.Sareanaknewthathermomhadmoneyproblems.
Evenbeforetheeviction，Guptahadbeeverysad.Becauseshedidn'thavehealthinsurance，Guptacouldn'tgetadoctor'shelpforheremotionalproblems.
Sareanatookchargeofthingsathome.Forexample，sheoftencookedherfamily'smeals.Whensheandhermomwereabouttolosetheirhome，itwasSareanawhoarrangedaplaceforthemtostay.
Foryears，Sareanahadbeenanactivevolunteerwithseveralorganizations.Sheevenstartedherowngroup，YouthforNationalChange.Itworkstosupporttherightsofyoungpeople.
Sareanacalledafewadultsshehadworkedwith.Afterfindingoutabouthersituation，onecoupleopenedtheirdoorsrightaway.ButbyAugustxx，thecouplenolongerhadroomforSareanaandhermom.Thetwoendeduplivingintheircar.Theydidn'twanttogotoahomelessshelteroutoffearthattheycouldbesplitup.Throughitall，Sareanakeptworkingonprojectsandstudying.“AtnopointdidIletwhatwasgoingonchangemydailyroutine，”shesays.
Sareanaishomeschooledonlineandgoestoclassesatanearbycollege.Lastfall，schoolbillsbeganpilingup.Shehadnowaytopaythem.Afriendsuggestedthatshetryraisingfundsonline.AfteranewspaperrananarticleaboutSareana，donationspouredin—nearly$30，000!
Shepaidforschoolandhadenoughmoneylefttorentasmallapartment.SheandhermommovedintoitinJanuaryxx.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。
一个女孩和妈妈无家可归后努力渡过难关。
1．WhathappenedtoSareanainxx?
A．Shelostherfather.
B．Shebecamehomeless.
C．Hermomabandonedher.
D．Herhousewasdestroyed.
答案 B [推理判断题。
由第一段中的InJunexx，sheandhermom...wouldsoonbeevictedfromtheirhome及下文母女俩找住处可推断，xx年Sareana无家可归了。
]
2．Sareanastartedanorganizationto________．
A．teachpeopletocookB．supportpoorpeople
C．earnmoneyD．helpyouth
答案 D [细节理解题。
由第四段末的Itworkstosupporttherightsofyoungpeople可知。
]
3．Sareanafinallyfoundherownapartment________．
A．byraisingmoney
B．bydoingpart-timejobs
C．withthehelpofherfriends
D．withthehelpofhercollege
答案 A [细节理解题。
由最后一段可知，Sareana听从朋友的建议筹集到一笔资金，这笔钱使她在付完学费之后还租了一个小的公寓。
]
4．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSareana?
A．Modest.B．Intelligent.
C．Optimistic.D．Determined.
答案 D [推理判断题。
由倒数第二段末的AtnopointdidIletwhatwasgoingonchangemydailyroutine可推断，Sareana是一个意志坚定的人。
]
B
Inafewweeks，thehallsofaschoolinNanuet，N.Y.，willbefullofminiracecars.Thevehiclesarecarefullydesignedtoachievegreatspeed.
Butthecars'makersaren'tcollege-levelengineers;they'remiddle-schoolstudentsattemptingtolearnaboutphysicsandtechnology.“It'srewritingwhat'spossibleineducation，”saysVinnyGarrison，theteacherwhoorganizestheraces.
Accordingtoasurvey，nearlythree-fourthsofU．S.teachersusetechnologytoencouragestudentstolearn.Andthattechisgettingsmarter:
studentscannowtourancientworldstolearnhistory，takequizzesviasmartphoneandmore.MostofthechangesaredesignedtobetterprepareU．S.studentsforcareersinfast-growingfieldslikescienceandengineering.Buttheycaneatacost.A$500millionplantosupplyLosAngelesstudentswithiPadswasrecentlystoppedafterstudentsfoundwaystoavoidcontentfilters（过滤器）．
Sofar，however，researchshowsthatusingtechintherightwayscanmakestudentssmarterandmorecreative.Hereisalookatsixnewtechnologiesthatareshapingtheclassroomsofthefuture.
1．MakerBothasalreadyplacedmorethan5，0003-DprintersinU．S.schoolsthataredesignedtohelpstudentscreatemodelcars（tolearnaboutphysics），modelfrogs（tolearnaboutbiology）andmore.
2．PublishingpanyMcGraw-Hill'slineofdigitalSmartBooksquizzesstudentsaftereverychapterandstressesthematerialtheyneedtoreview;teacherscanusethatdatatobetterknowtheirstudents.
3．Hewlett-Packardistestingtouchscreenblack-boardsinamodelclassroominTaipei，whichareconnectedwithstudents'individualputers，allowingthemtocopynotesandviewmultimedia（多媒体）．
4．SomeclassroomsattheUniversityofNorthCarolinafeaturerollingdesks，whichallowstudentstoeasilyswitchfromlisteningtoateachertoorganizingintosmallgroups.
5．Insteadofpurchasingnewtech，schoolsinKaty，Texas，askkidstobringtheirownsmartphones—sotheycanconductresearch，answerquizzesviatextandmore.
6．Inordertohelpkidsunderstandteamworkandtrust，theKickstarter-fundedEmpathyToy—alreadyusedinroughly400schoolsglobally—requiresthemtocooperateonbuildingblocks（积木）whiletheyareblindfolded.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
虽然现代科技在教育领域的使用像一把双刃剑，但是正确的使用能对学生产生促进作用。
5．Thecarracesareorganized________．
A．tochallengecollegestudents
B．bymiddle-schoolstudents
C．foreducationalpurposes
D．atNewYorkCityHall
答案 C [细节理解题。
根据第二段中的they'remiddle-schoolstudentsattemptingtolearnaboutphysicsandtechnology可知，学生设计这些赛车是出于学习的目的。
]
6．Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3refersto________．
A．fieldsB．changes
C．careersD．students
答案 B [词义猜测题。
根据第三段内容可知，科技给教育带来了变化，这些变化对学生的学习有所帮助，但同时也伴随着代价，故此处的they指代changes。
]
7．Whichofthefollowingishelpfulforstudents'practicalskills?
A．MakerBot.
B．SmartBooks.
C．Touchscreenblackboards.
D．EmpathyToy.
答案 A [细节理解题。
根据第五段中的MakerBot...helpstudentscreatemodelcars（tolearnaboutphysics），modelfrogs（tolearnaboutbiology）andmore可知，MakerBot能帮助学生制作模型，对于锻炼学生的实际动手能力有好处。
]
8．What'sthepurposeofthistext?
A．Toreportapplicationsoftechnologyinschools.
B．Toshowstudents'greatinterestintechnology.
C．Todescribesomeresearchworkoneducation.
D．Toremendsomeadvancedtechnologies.
答案 A [写作目的题。
通读全文可知，作者以客观的口吻介绍了现代科技在教育领域的应用，既介绍了它的好处，也谈到了它的弊端。
故选A项。
]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
TipsonHowtoBeSuccessfulinLife
Self-improvementisamatterofstrugglingtodoyourbest.__1__Thisarticlewillgiveyousometipsonhowtokeepmovingforward，eveninthemidstof（在……中间）failure，sofollowthesetipstobeesuccessfulinlife.
__2__Thisisaphrasethatgetsrepeatedeveryday，butitspeaksthetruthwhenitestosuccess.Thosewishesanddreamsarethefuelforyourmotivationalvehicle，andthedriver（you）istostarttheenginesoastofollowyourdreams.
Itisnottheendoftheworldifyoufail.Youneedtoprepareforbothsuccessandfailure.Preparingforfailuresimplymeansthatyouhaveaback-upplaninplaceandgoalsthatarewrittendownthatwillhelpyougetbackonyourfeet.__3__
Arouse（唤醒）yourpassion（激情）．Passionisthekeytogettingyourworkdone.Youmustloveyourskillortalent（s）tobeesuccessful.Ifnot，youwillendupgivingup.__4__Passionforyourworkiswhatkeepsyougoingonthatstraightandnarrowpathtosuccess.
__5__Peoplewhothinkanddothesamethingsendupinthesameplaceinlife.Therefore，youneedtocreateyourownpath.Humansarepioneers.Youshouldbeuniqueandcreatenewwaystosolveproblems.
Inconclusion，followingthesetipswillhelpyouachievesuccessinlife.
A．Keepyourselfmotivated.
B．Trytoachieveyourdreams.
C．Bealeaderinsteadoffollowingthecrowd.
D．Besuretoplanforsuccessandfailureatthesametime.
E．Believeyoucansucceedbyworkingashardasyoucan.
F．Itisalsothefoundationthathelpspromotepersonaldevelopment.
G．Thepathtosuccessisanarrowroadwhilethepathtodefeatisawideroad.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，题材为日常生活类。
本文给出了获得成功的几个建议。
1．F [本选项中的It指代上文的self-improvement，承接前一句说明自我提升的重要性，故选F。
]
2．B [根据本段中的信息Thosewishesanddreams及followyourdreams可以概括出本段的主旨，即要努力实现梦想，故选B。
]
3．D [本题选项是本段的总结句。
本段前面提到要同时为成功和失败做好准备，故选D。
]
4．G [根据上下文与选项中的path，narrow和defeat可以作出选择，本句意为：
成功之路是一条狭窄的道路，而失败之路很宽广，故选G。
]
5．C [根据本段内容可以概括出本段的主旨，即要成为有主见的人而不是盲目跟从，故选C。
]
Ⅲ.短文改错
Istrongremendthatphysicalactivitiesinchildrenareencouraged.Parentswhoaresupposedtomakesurethattheirchildrengetsomeformofexerciseonehourdailybecauseexerciseisbetterforcharacterbuilding.Whenthisestoexercise，manypeopleenduppicturingheavyexerciseatthegym.Asmatteroffact，exerciseforchildrencanmeangoingoutandhavingfuns.Forexample，theycanwalkorcycletonearbyplacesinsteadoftakeabus.Theycantaketheirdogsoutfor15-minutewalkstwiceaday.Beside，childrenshouldbeencouragedtomakenewfriendsforwhomtheycanactivelyplaysports.
答案
I
remendthatphysicalactivitiesinchildren
encouraged.Parents
aresupposedtomakesurethattheirchildrengetsomeformofexerciseonehourdailybecauseexerciseis
forcharacterbuilding.When
estoexercise，manypeopleenduppicturingheavyexerciseatthegym.Asmatteroffact，exerciseforchildrencanmeangoingoutandhaving
.Forexample，theycanwalkorcycletonearbyplacesinsteadof
abus.Theycantaketheirdogsoutfor15-minutewalkstwiceaday.
，childrenshouldbeencouragedtomakenewfriends
whomtheycanactivelyplaysports.
Ⅳ.书面表达
假如你是李华。
你的美国朋友John是一个手机低头党，无论站着，坐着，走着，他都在低头玩手机。
请就此给John写一封信，内容包括：
1．做手机低头党的危害（过度使用手机会造成眼睛疾病或带来其他健康问题，给自身安全带来隐患）；
2．希望他改掉这个坏习惯。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结尾语已给出，不计入总词数；
4．参考词汇：
过度使用overuse。
DearJohn，
Thereseemstobeatrendthatpeoplenowtendtoplaywiththeircellphonesnomatterwheretheyare.AndIknowyouarenotanexception.
Yours，
LiHua
【参考范文】
Dear__John，
There__seems__to__be__a__trend__that__people__now__tend__to__play__with__their__cell__phones__no__matter__where__they__are.And__I__know__you__are__not__an__exc
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