届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破社会.docx

届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破社会.docx

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届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破社会

社会

一、阅读理解

1.   Sometimespeopleaddtowhattheysayevenwhentheydon’ttalk.Gesturesarethe“silentlanguage”ofeveryculture.Wepointafingerormoveanotherpartofthebodytoshowwhatwewanttosay.Itisimportanttoknowthebodylanguageofeverycountryorwemaybemisunderstood.

   IntheUSA,peoplegreeteachotherwithahandshakeinaformalintroduction.Thehandshakemustbefirm.Ifthehandshakeisweak,itisasignofweaknessorunfriendliness.Friendsmayplaceahandontheother’sarmorshoulder.Somepeople,usuallywomen,greetafriendwithahug.

   SpaceisimportanttoAmericans.Whentwopeopletalktoeachother,theyusuallystandabouttwoandahalffeetawayandatanangle（角度）,sotheyarenotfacingeachotherdirectly.Americansgetuncomfortablewhenapersonstandstooclose.Theywillmovebacktohavetheirspace.IfAmericanstouchanotherpersonbyaccident,they say,“Pardonme”or“Excuseme”.Americansliketolookattheotherpersonintheeyeswhentheyaretalking.Ifyoudon’tdo so,it means you are bored,hiding something,or are not interested.Butwhenyoustareatsomeone,itisnotpolite.

   ForAmericans,thumbs-upmeansyes,verygood,orwell done.Thumbs-downmeanstheopposite.Tocallawaiter,raise onehandtoheadlevelorabove.Toshowyouwantthecheck,makeamovementwithyourhandsasifyouaresigningapieceofpaper.Itisallrighttopointatthingsbutnotatpeoplewiththehandandindexfinger（食指）.Americansshaketheirindexfingeratchildrenwhentheyscoldthemandpatthemontheheadwhentheyadmirethem.

   Learning a culture’s bodylanguage is sometimesconfusing.Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodo,thesafestthingtodoistosmile.

1.IfyouareintroducedtoastrangerintheUSA,youshould________.

A.greethimwithahug

B.placeahandonhisshoulder

C.shakehishandfirmly

D.shakehishandweakly

2.WhichbehaviorisacceptablewhenpeopletalktoeachotherintheUSA?

A.Facingeachotherdirectly.

B.Touchingeachother.

C.Notlookingattheotherpersonintheeyes.

D.Notstandingtooclose.

3.WhenyourAmericanfriendgivesyouathumbs-up,hemay________.

A.expresshissatisfactionwithyou

B.showhisangeratyou

C.showhisrudenesstoyou

D.expresshisworriesaboutyou

2.    Nowadayspeoplearenotsoexcitedbypartiesandsocialgatherings.Thisisnotbecauseofhavingnodesiretosocialize,butbecauseofsmartphones.

    Whentheyaregatheringtogether,morepeopleareontheirsmartphonesthanontheirdrinks.AccordingtoarecentInternationalDataCorporationstudy,welloverhalfofallAmericanshaveasmartphoneandreachforitthemomenttheywakeup,keepingitinhandallday.Inaddition,toomuchofsocietyisusingsmartphoneswhiledrivingandasaresultgettingintocarcrashes.34percentofteensadmittotextwhiledriving,andtheyconfirmthattextmessagingistheirnumberonedrivinginterruption.People'sattachmenttotheirsmartphonesisunbelievablybecomingmoreimportantthanthelivesofthemselvesandothers.

    Justasdriversignoretheimportanceoffocusingwhileontheroad,manypeoplealsofailtorecognizethesignificanceofhumaninteraction.Whenwiththeirfriends,somepeoplepointlesslycheckorsendtextmessagesinthepresenceofafriend,whichsendsamessagetothatfriend:

thepersonIamtextingismoreimportantthanyou.Inaddition,relyingonoursmartphonetomakefriendsdoesnotgiveusthesameadvantageasbeingabletomakenewfriendshipsintherealworld.Face-to-faceconversationswillgiveusmuchstrongercommunicationskillsinthelongrun.

    Asmanypeoplerisktheirlivesandthelivesofpeoplearoundthemjusttosendatextormindlesslychecktheirmassages,smartphonesareinmanywaysmoredangeroustopeople.Thequalityofthistechnologyisde-advancingsocietalachievementsandweakeningthevalueofcommunication.Notonlyisthesmartphoneaffectingourdesiretointeract（交流）face-to-facebutitisalsoloweringsociety'sabilitytocommunicate.

1.Thepurposeofthistextisto______.

A.expressaconcernabouttheoveruseofthesmartphone

B.callforanendtousethesmartphonewhiledriving

C.appealtoustopayattentiontocommunicationskills

D.adviseustobecautiousabouttheaddictiontothesmartphone

2.Thesecondparagraphisdevelopedby______.

A.listingfigures

B.givingexamples

C.analyzingtheeffects

D.comparingfacts

3.Theauthoradvocatesustomakenewfriends______.

A.underafreecircumstance

B.byusingsmartphones

C.indifferentways

D.inaface-to-faceway

4.Overdependenceonthesmartphoneleadstothefactthat______.

A.partiesandgatheringslimittheirsocialcircle

B.peoplearemoreandmorenarrow-minded

C.people'scommunicationskillsareweakened

D.face-to-facecommunicationbecomeslessimportant

3.    Researchersareplacingroboticdogs（机器狗）inthehomesoflonelyoldpeopletodeterminewhethertheycanimprovethequalityoflifeforhumans.AlanBeck,anexpertinhuman-animalrelationship,andNancyEdwards,aprofessorofnursing,areleadingtheanimal-assistedstudyconcerningtheinfluenceofroboticdogsonoldpeople’sdepression,physicalactivity,andlifesatisfaction.“Noonewillarguethatanolderpersonisbetteroffbeingmoreactive,challenged,orstimulated（刺激）,”Edwardspointsout.“Theproblemishowwepromote（使…成为现实）that,especiallyforthosewithoutfriendsorhelp.Aroboticdogcouldbeasolution.”

    Inthestudy,therobot,calledAIBO,isplacedforsixweeksinthehousesofsomeoldpeoplewholivealone.BeforeplacingAIBOinthehome,researcherswillcollectbaselinedataforsixweeks.TheseoldpeoplewillkeepadiarytonotetheirfeelingsandactivitybeforeandafterAIBO.Then,theresearcherswillreviewthedatatodetermineifithasinspiredanychangesinthelifeofitsowner.

    “Italktohimallthetime,andherespondstomyvoice,”saysaseventy-year-oldlady,“WhenI’mwatchingTV,he’llstayinmyarmsuntilhewantsdown.Hehasamindofhisown.”

    TheAIBOsrespondtocertainorders.Theresearcherssaytheyhavesomeadvantagesoverlivedogs,especiallyforoldpeople.Oftentheelderlyaredisabledandcannotcareforananimalbywalkingitorplayingwithit.Aroboticdogremovesexerciseandfeedingconcerns.

    “Atthebeginning,itwasbelievedthatnoonewouldrelatetotheroboticdog,becauseitwasmetalandnotfurry.”Becksays.“Butit’samazinghowquicklywehavegivenupthatbelief.”

    “Hopefully,downtheroad,theseroboticpetscouldbecomeamore-valuablehealthhelper.Theywillrecordtheirmasters’bloodpressure,oxygenlevels.Orheartrhythms.AIBOsmayevenonedayhavegamesthatcanhelpstimulateolderpeople’sminds.”

1.ThepurposeofBeckandEdwards’studyisto_______.

A.understandhuman-animalrelationship

B.makelonelyoldpeople’slifebetter

C.findthecausesofoldpeople’sloneliness

D.promotetheanimal-assistedresearch

2.Intheresearch,theoldpeopleareaskedto________.

A.notetheactivitiesofAIBOs

B.keepAIBOsathomefor12weeks

C.recordtheirfeelingsandactivity

D.analyzethecollectedinformation

3.WhatistheadvantageofAIBOoverlivedogs?

A.Itiseasiertokeepathome.

B.Itcanhelpthedisabledpeople.

C.Itrespondstoallthehumanorders.

D.ItcanwatchTVwithitsowner.

4.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefutureroboticdogsmay_______.

A.curecertaindiseases

B.keepoldpeopleactive

C.changepeople’sbeliefs

D.lookmorelikerealgods

4.    Itseemsthatpeoplearegraduallylosingtheirsmartnessassmartphonesbecomeincreasinglyimportantassistantsintheirlives.Aswerelytoomuchontechnologyinsteadofourbrains,manypeoplehavelostthreebasicabilities.

    Thefirstskillmanypeoplehavelostisrememberingphonenumbers.Becausephonenumbersarestoredinsmartphonecontacts,there3nownoneedtodialanumberorlookatitagain.Thisisfineuntilyouneedtocallsomeoneforhelp,onlytofindyourphoneisnotaround.

    Andsomepeoplemayalsohavelosttheirsense.ofdirectionbecausesomeappscanguidepeopleanywheretheywant.Peoplegetsodependentonthemthatwhentheycantusetheirsmartphones,theygetlostandanxious.

    Buttheworstlostskillsmaybesocialones,meaningthatsomepeoplearebecomingsociallyinept（无能的）.Peopleoftenburythemselvesintheirsmartphones.Aswe’retooabsent-mindedbywhat'shappeninginthevirtual（虚拟的）someofushavelostconversationalskillsandsometimes.canteventellwhetherapersonishappyornot.

    LastAugust,researchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,studied51studentsaged11and12.whohadoverfivehours'screentimeeveryday.heirtaskwastotelltheemotions,of48picturesoffacesthatwerehappy,sad,angryorscared.

    Thechildrenmadeanaverageof14.02mistakesatthebeginning.Butafterarive-daycampwithoutelectronicproducts,theymadeonly9.41mistakesonaverage.

    Luckily,peoplestill,haveachancetogettheseabilitiesback.Youshouldtrytokeepyourparents'numbersinmindforemergencies.Youshouldalsopaymoreattentiontostreetsignsandstores,whichwillhelpyoutodrawamindmapandstopyoufrom.gettinglost.Andtheeasiestsolutiontosocialskilllossistotakeabreakfromelectronicproducts.

1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphimpliesthat____________.

A.youareabletoturntoothersforhelp

B.othersareabletocallyouanytimeandanywhere

C.othersareunabletogetintouchwithyoubysmartphone

D.youareunabletocontactotherswithoutyoursmartphone

2.Theexperimentshowsthatwithoutelectronicproducts,onecould______