山西省永济中学届高三上学期开学模拟测试英语.docx

山西省永济中学届高三上学期开学模拟测试英语.docx

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山西省永济中学届高三上学期开学模拟测试英语

山西省永济中学2020届高三上学期开学模拟测试

英语

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节　（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Thezebrabelongstothehorsefamily.Oneofnature’sgreatmysteriesiswhythezebrahasstripes.Onetheoryisthatthestripeshelpthezebracooldown.Onhotdaystheblackstripesgetalothotterthanthewhiteareaofthezebraandundertheblackstripestherearespeciallayersoffatforprotection.Hotairthenrisesofftheblackstripes,forcingcolderairdownaroundthewhiteareas,coolingthezebradown.This,however,isjustakindoftheory.Thestripescanalsoconfusepredators（食肉动物，掠夺者）whenzebrasstaywithotheranimalsingreatnumbers.

Zebrashaveexcellenthearingandeyesightandcanrunatspeedsofupto56kilometersperhour.Theyalsohaveapowerfulkickthatcancauseseriousinjurytoapredator,likealion,oranAfricanwilddog.Usuallytheleadmaleoftheherdstaysatthebackofthegrouptodefendagainstpredatorsifnecessary,whilethefemalesandyoungstersescapedanger.

Zebrasareherbivoresthatfeedonlyonplantsandlivemostlybyeatinggrasses,althoughtheyalsomighteatabitontheleavesandstems（茎）ofbushes.Theyeatgrassesformanyhourseachday,usingtheirstrongteeth.Spendingsomuchtimechewingwearsthezebras’teethdown,sotheirteethkeepgrowingalltheirlives.Asthedryseasonarrivesandthegrassesdieback,zebraherdstraveltofindmorefoodandwaterholesfordrinking.Mostzebrashavenospecificterritories.Theytravelfromplacetoplace,neverstayinginoneareaverylong.

1．Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat　　　　　.

A．therearedifferentopinionsaboutwhythezebrahasstripes

B．theblackstripeshelpthezebralivethroughcolddays

C．thezebracanbeeasilyattackedbypredators

D．thezebraalwaystravelswithotheranimals

2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutzebrasisTRUE?

A．Theyhavepooreyesightandhearing.

B．Alioncangetinjuredbyazebra’skick.

C．Theycanrun56milesperhour.

D．Theyusuallystayinoneareaalltheirlives.

3．WhichofthefollowingTVprogramsmightthepassagebeadapted（改编）for?

A．Hobbies&Leisure　　　　B．EverydayTips

C．DigitalStadium　　　　　D．Discovery

B

Wedon'tknowhowdifferentourfuturewillbeinthefuture.Wecanonlytrytoimagineit.　　

Atfirstwethinkabouthumanrelationship．Intheyear2050,wewillusecomputersalmosteveryday.WewillbemakingnewfriendsthroughtheInternet—evenourhusbandsorwiveswillbemetinthisway．Itwillbemuchfasterandeasierforus.Ontheotherhand,ourrelationshipswithpeoplewon'tbeasimportantastheyaretoday—wewillfeelalittlelonely.　　

Computerswillalsohelpusinmanyotheractivitiesin2050．Forexample,theywillbeusedbythechildrenatschooltomaketheirlearningeasier.Inaddition，therewillbemuchmoreothermachineswhichwillplayasimilarroleascomputers,likerobotswhichwilldothehomeworkforus.

Spendingholidayswillalsobecompletelydifferent．Travelingtootherplanetsortothemoonwillheavailableforeveryone．Meansoftransportwill，ofcourse，change，too．Wewillbeusingsolar-poweredears，whichwillbemuchcleaner．

Wecouldexpectthatthefastertechnologicalprogresswouldleadtoamorepollutedenvironment．Butitisn'ttrue．Wewillpaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheenvironment.And,Scientistswillprobablyfindcuresformanydangerousdiseases，likecancerorAIDS.Therefore，oursurroundingsaswellashealthwillbeinbettercondition．

Althoughwecan'tpredicttheexactchangeswhichwillbemadeintheworld，weoftenthinkaboutthem.Weworryaboutourandourchildren'sfuture；wehaveexpectations,hopesaswellasfears.ButIthinkweshouldberathersanguineaboutourfuture．Weshouldbehappyandbelievegoodthingswillhappen．

4．Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsis.

A．thatcomputerswilldoallthethingsforhumanbeings

B．howpeoplewillusecomputerstocommunicatewitheachother

C．thatmachineslikecomputersandrobotswillhelppeoplealot

D．howpeoplewilluserobotstodothehousework

5．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingwillhappenin2050?

A．Therelationshipbetweenpeoplewillbemoreimportantthantoday．

B．Thewayofspendingholidayswillbethesameasthatoftoday．

C．Itwon'tbedifficultforpeopletotraveltootherplanets

D．Ourenvironmentwillbemuchmorepollutedwithagrowingnumberofcars

6．Theunderlinedword“sanguine”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans""．

A．DisappointedB．SurprisedC．CuriousD．optimistic

C

ASwedishmanwasdugoutaliveafterbeingsnowedinhiscaronaforesttrackfortwomonthswithnofood,policeandlocalmediareportedonSaturday.

The45-year-oldmanfromsouthernSwedenwasfoundonFriday,February17,tooweaktosaymorethanafewwords.

HewasfoundnotfarfromthecityofUmeainthenorthofSwedenbysnowmobilerswhothoughttheyhadcomeacrossaruinedcaruntiltheydugtheirwaytoawindowandsawmovementinside.

Theman,whowaslyinginthebackseatinasleepingbag,saidhehadbeeninthecarsinceDecember19.

“Justincrediblethathe’saliveconsideringthathehadnofood,butalsosinceit’sbeenreallycoldforsometimeafterChristmas.”arescueteammembertoldregionaldailyVasterbottens-Kuriren,whichbrokethenews.

EbbeNyberg,dutyofficerattheUmeapolice,saidpolicesawnoreasontodoubtthatthemanhadbeenstuckinthecarforaverylongtime.

“Wewouldnotmakeupsomethinglikethis.Therescueserviceswereonsitetooandsawthesameasus.”hetoldVasterbottens-Kuriren.

UmeaUniversityHospital,wherethemanisrecoveringafterbeingrescuedbypoliceandarescueteam,saidinastatementhewasdoingwellconsideringthecircumstances.

Doctorsatthehospitalsaidhumanswouldnormallybeabletosurviveforaboutfourweekswithoutfood.Besideseatingsnow,themanprobablysurvivedbygoingintoadormant-like（休眠似的）state,physicianStefanBranthtoldVasterbottens-Kuriren.

“Abitlikeabearthathibernates.Humanscandothat.”hesaid.“Heprobablyhadabodytemperatureofaround31degreeswhichthebodyadjustedto.Duetothelowtemperature,notmuchenergywasusedup.”

“Whythemanendedupunderthesnowintheforestremainsunknown,”policesaid.

7．WhofoundtheSwedishmaninthesnow?

A．Snowmobilers.B．Thepolice.

C．Arescueteam.D．Localpeople.

8．“Policesawnoreasontodoubtthatthemanhadbeenstuckinthecarforaverylongtime.”impliesthat　　　　.

A．policedidn’tthinkittrueB．policeweresureofthefact

C．policehadsomedoubtonthefactD．policehadreasonstodoubtthefact

9．Thereasonwhythemancouldsurvivewasmostprobablythat　　　　.

A．hewasonlyforty-fiveyearoldB．hedidnotuseanyenergy

C．hesleptinthesleepingbagD．hewasinadormant-likestate

10．Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?

a．TheSwedishmanwasstuckinthesnow.

b．HewassenttoUmeaUniversityHospital.

c．Hewasfoundbysnowmobilers.

d．Hewasrecoveringaftertreatment.

e．Hestayedinhiscarfornearlytwomonths.

f．Hewasdugoutbypeople.

A．e,a,c,d,f,bB．a,e,c,f,b,d

C．a,f,c,e,b,dD．e,c,f,a,d,b

11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A．ATrafficAccidentB．ALongSleepinWinter

C．AnIncredibleSurvivalD．ASuccessfulRescue

D

EveryyearbetweenMayandSeptember,all54employeesofBasecamp,aChicago-basedwebapplicationscompany，workashortweek：

justfourdays—atotalof32hours．Theyworkaconventionalfive-dayweektherestoftheyear．

“That’splentyoftimetogetgreatworkdone．Thisisallweexpectandallwewantfrompeople，”saysJasonFried，co-founder．“Working60or70hoursisunnecessary．Infact，ifyouhavetowork60or70hoursaweek，there’samanagementproblem．”

Thecompany’ssummerworkloadmustfitreducedhours，Mr．Friedinsists，otherwisethebenefitsofashorterweek——torecoverfromwork，enjoytimewithfamilyandpursueoutsideinterests—wouldbeundone．

Histhoughtchimeswithnewresearchthatfindsitisnotjustlonghoursthatareharmfultoemployees’physicalandmentalhealth．Itisalsotheintensityofwork—tightdeadlinesandanunrelatedpace．Moreover，itsuggeststhatintenseworkharmscareerprospects．Thatisbecauselonghoursandintensityreducethequalityofthework．

Thestudy，tobepublishedintheIndustrialandLaborRelationsReview，concludesthatthelevelofintensityweapplytotheworkwedoisgenerally“astrongerpredictorofunfavourableoutcomesthanovertimework”．

Theresearchers，ArgyroAvgoustaki，assistantprofessorofmanagementatESCPEuropeandHansFrankort，seniorlecturerinstrategyatCassBusinessSchool，comparedpeopleinsimilarjobsandeducationlevels,andfoundtheyweremorelikelytosufferpoorerwell-beingandlowcareerprospects,includingsatisfaction,securityandpromotion,whentheyworkedatanintenselevelforlongperiods．

12．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecompany?

A．Working32hoursisunnecessary．

B．Thereisamanagementproblem．

C．Itssummerworkloadissuitableforitsshorterhours．

D．Itsemployeesworkafour—dayweekconventionally．

13．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“chimewith”inparagraph4mean?

A．Contributeto．B．Consistwith．

C．Dealwith．D．Goagainst．

14．Whatareharmfultoemployees’healthaccordingtoMr．Fried?

A．Careerprospectsandintensity．

B．Tightdeadlinesandreducedhours．

C．Longhoursandintensity．

D．Careerprospectsandpoorerwell-being．

15．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A．Ahealthmagazine．B．Abiologytextbook．

C．Aculturereport．D．Atravelbrochure．

第二节（共5小题；每小题