Unit 2 Animals基础版教师学年高中英语上外版必修第二册同步讲义.docx
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Unit2Animals基础版教师学年高中英语上外版必修第二册同步讲义
新高一Unit2(上外基础版)
学习目标:
熟练掌握U2词汇和句型;熟练掌握并运用定语从句;熟练专题阅读。
引入:
1.Thismuseumis______youvisitedtheotherday.
A.that B.which C.where D.theone
2.Thisisthemuseum______yousawtheotherday.
A.that B.where C.inwhich D.inthat
3.Itisthethirdtime______latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrived B.whenyouarrived C.thatyou’vearrived D.whenyou’vearrived
4.Weoftenthinkofthedays______wespenttogetherontheisland.
A.when B.which C.inwhich D.duringwhich
5.HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,______Ilefttenyearsago?
A.where B.which C.that D.when
6.HehasleftBeijing,______ameetingistobeheld.
A.when B.where C.as D.which
7.Thisistheveryplace______I’mwishingtolivein.
A.where B.which C.that D.inwhich
8.Ihaveboughtthesamedress______sheiswearing.
A.as B.that C.which D.than
9.Thereason______hedidn’tcomewas______hewasinjured.
A.that,because B.why,that C.why,because D.that,that
10.HemustbefromAfrica,______canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.that B.as C.it D.what
11.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut________hesaidit.
A.theway B.inthewaythat C.intheway D.thewaywhich
12.Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.
A.a;that B.a;when C.the;that D.the;when
13.________isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
A.It B.As C.That D.What
KEY:
DACBBBCABBABB
知识点一、重点词汇梳理
【知识梳理】
A
1.cruel/ˈkruːəl/
1).adj.Someonewhoiscrueldeliberatelycausespainordistresstopeopleoranimals.残忍的
例:
Childrencanbesocruel.
孩子也会这么残忍。
2).Asituationoreventthatiscruelisveryharshandcausespeopledistress.严酷的
例:
...strugglingtosurviveinacruelworldwithwhichtheycannotcope.
…在一个他们不能承受的严酷世界中挣扎着求生。
2.establish/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
1).vt.Ifsomeoneestablishessomethingsuchasanorganization,atypeofactivity,orasetofrules,theycreateitorintroduceitinsuchawaythatitislikelytolastforalongtime.建立;确立
例:
TheUNhasestablisheddetailedcriteriaforwhoshouldbeallowedtovote.
联合国就谁应当被允许投票确立了详细标准。
2).v.Ifyouestablishcontactwithsomeone,youstarttohavecontactwiththem.Youcanalsosaythattwopeople,groups,orcountriesestablishcontact.建立(联系)[正式]
例:
Wehadalreadyestablishedcontactwiththemuseum.
我们已经与那个博物馆建立了联系。
3).vt.Ifyouestablishthatsomethingistrue,youdiscoverfactsthatshowthatitisdefinitelytrue.证实[正式]
例:
Medicaltestsestablishedthatshewasnottheirownchild.
医学检测证实她不是他们的亲生孩子。
例:
Itwillbeessentialtoestablishhowthemoneyisbeingspent.
搞清这笔钱是如何被花费的将至关重要。
4)Ifyouestablishyourself,yourreputation,oragoodqualitythatyouhave,yousucceedindoingsomething,andachieverespectorasecurepositionasaresultofthis.确立(地位)
例:
Thisisgoingtobetheshowwhereup-and-comingcomedianswillestablishthemselves.
这会是一场很有前途的喜剧演员们将在此确立他们地位的演出。
例:
Hehasestablishedhimselfasapivotalfigureinstatepolitics.
他作为国家政治中的一位轴心人物的地位已经确立。
【常用搭配】
establishoneselfas…确立了…的地位
3.concern/kənˈsɜːn/
1).n.Concernisworryaboutasituation.担忧
例:
ThegrouphasexpressedconcernaboutreportsofpoliticalviolenceinAfrica.
该集团已对有关非洲政治暴力的报道表示担忧。
例:
Themovefollowsgrowingpublicconcernoverthespreadofthedisease.
该行动是针对公众日益增长的对该疾病传播的担忧而采取的。
2).vt.Ifsomethingconcernsyou,itworriesyou.使担忧[nocont]
例:
ThegrowingnumberofpeopleseekingrefugeinThailandisbeginningtoconcernWesternaidagencies.
日益增多的到泰国寻求避难的人数开始让西方援助机构感到担忧。
3).vt.Ifyouconcernyourselfwithsomething,yougiveitattentionbecauseyouthinkthatitisimportant.关心
例:
Ididn'tconcernmyselfwithpolitics.
我不关心政治。
4.habitat/ˈhæbɪˌtæt/
n.Thehabitatofananimalorplantisthenaturalenvironmentinwhichitnormallylivesorgrows.生长环境
例:
Initsnaturalhabitat,thehibiscuswillgrowupto25ft.
在其野生环境中,木槿能长25英尺。
5.exhibit/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/
1).vt.Ifsomeoneorsomethingshowsaparticularquality,feeling,ortypeofbehaviour,youcansaythattheyexhibitit.表现出[正式]
例:
Hehasexhibitedsymptomsofanxietyandoverwhelmingworry.
他已表现出焦虑和忧心如焚的症状。
2).vt.Whenapainting,sculpture,orobjectofinterestisexhibited,itisputinapublicplacesuchasamuseumorartgallerysothatpeoplecancometolookatit.Youcanalsosaythatanimalsareexhibitedinazoo.展览[usupassive]
例:
HisworkwasexhibitedinthebestgalleriesinAmerica,EuropeandAsia.
他的作品在美国、欧洲和亚洲最好的美术馆展览过。
3).n.exhibition展览
6.adjust/əˈdʒʌst/
1).Whenyouadjusttoanewsituation,yougetusedtoitbychangingyourbehaviouroryourideas.调整以适应
例:
Wehavebeenpreparingourfighterstoadjustthemselvestocivilsociety.
我们一直在让我们的战士们准备好自我调整以适应普通社会。
例:
IfeltIhadadjustedtotheideaofbeingamotherverywell.
我感到我已经很好地适应了做母亲的想法。
2).Ifyouadjustsomething,youchangeitsothatitismoreeffectiveorappropriate.调整
例:
Toattractinvestors,Panamahasadjusteditstaxandlabourlaws.
为了吸引投资者,巴拿马已经调整了其税务及劳动法规。
3).Ifyouadjustsomethingsuchasyourclothingoramachine,youcorrectoralteritspositionorsetting.调节
例:
Lizadjustedhermirrorandthenedgedthecaroutofitsparkingspace.
莉兹调节了她的后视镜,然后把车慢慢地开出了停车位。
【固定搭配】
adjust…to…调整…以适应…
7.extinct/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
1).adjAspeciesofanimalorplantthatisextinctnolongerhasanylivingmembers,eitherintheworldorinaparticularplace.绝种的
例:
Atthecurrentrateofdecline,manyoftherainforestanimalscouldbecomeextinctinlessthan10years.
按照目前的下降速度,许多雨林动物不到十年就会绝种。
2).adjIfaparticularkindofworker,wayoflife,ortypeofactivityisextinct,itnolongerexists,becauseofchangesinsociety.不复存在的
例:
HerbalismhadbecomeanallbutextinctskillintheWesternworld.
草药医术在西方世界几乎已成了一项绝迹的技术。
3.adj.Anextinctvolcanoisonethatdoesnoteruptorisnotexpectedtoeruptanymore.死的(火山)
例:
Itstallestvolcano,longextinct,isOlympusMons.
它最高的火山是已死很久的奥林匹斯山。
8.essential/ɪˈsɛnʃəl/
1).adj.Somethingthatisessentialisextremelyimportantorabsolutelynecessarytoaparticularsubject,situation,oractivity.至关重要的
例:
Itwasabsolutelyessentialtoseparatecropsfromtheareasthatanimalsusedaspasture.
把庄稼与牲畜的放牧区分开至关重要。
例:
Astheymustalsosprintovershortdistances,speedisessential.
由于他们还必须疾速短跑,因此速度是至关重要的。
2).n.Theessentialsarethethingsthatareabsolutelynecessaryforthesituationyouareinorforthetaskyouaredoing.必需品
例:
Theapartmentcontainedthebasicessentialsforbachelorlife.
这套公寓配有单身生活的基本必需品。
3).adjTheessentialaspectsofsomethingareitsmostbasicorimportantaspects.基本的;重要的
例:
Mostauthoritiesagreethatplayisanessentialpartofachild'sdevelopment.
大多数权威人士认为玩耍是孩子成长的一个重要部分。
4).n.Theessentialsarethemostimportantprinciples,ideas,orfactsofaparticularsubject.要素;要点
例:
...theessentialsofeverydaylife,suchaseatingandexercise.
…饮食、运动等日常生活要素。
9.threat/θrɛt/
n.Athreattoapersonorthingisadangerthatsomethingbadmighthappentothem.Athreatisalsothecauseofthisdanger.威胁;造成威胁的原因
例:
Somecouplesseesinglewomenasathreattotheirrelationships.
有些夫妇把单身女子看作是对他们夫妻关系的一种威胁。
2).n.Athreatisastatementbysomeonethattheywillhurtyouinsomeway,especiallyifyoudonotdowhattheywant.威胁的言论
例:
Hemaybeforcedtocarryouthisthreattoresign.
他可能会迫不得已将自己扬言要辞职的威胁付诸实施。
【固定搭配】
underthreat受到威胁
例:
Hispositionasleaderisunderthreat.
他的领导职位受到威胁。
10.illegal/ɪˈliːɡəl/
adj.Ifsomethingisillegal,thelawsaysthatitisnotallowed.非法的
例:
Itisillegaltointerceptradiomessages.
窃听无线电信息是违法的。
【反义词】
legaladj.合法的
11.attempt/əˈtɛmpt/
1).vt.Ifyouattempttodosomething,especiallysomethingdifficult,youtrytodoit.试图(尤指做困难的事)
例:
TheonlytimethatweattemptedtodosomethinglikethatwasinthecityofPhiladelphia.
我们惟一一次试图做那样的事是在费城。
2).n.Ifyoumakeanattempttodosomething,youtrytodoit,oftenwithoutsuccess.(常指不成功的)企图
例:
...deliberateattempttodestabilizethedefence.
…蓄意削弱防御的企图。
3).nAnattemptonsomeone'slifeisanattempttokillthem.(杀人)企图
例:
...anattemptonthelifeoftheformerIranianprimeminister.
…刺杀伊朗前总理的企图。
12.typically/ˈtɪpɪkəlɪ/
1).Youusetypicallytosaythatsomethingusuallyhappensinthewaythatyouaredescribing.通常[ADVwithcl/group]
例:
Ittypicallytakesadayortwo,dependingonsize.
这通常需要一天或两天,依大小而定。
2).Youusetypicallytosaythatsomethingshowsallthemostusualcharacteristicsofaparticulartypeofpersonorthing.典型地[ADVadj]
例:
Philippacedthefloor,atypicallynervousexpectantfather.
菲利普在地板上踱来踱去,一个典型紧张的准爸爸。
3).Youusetypicallytoindicatethatsomeonehasbehavedinthewaythattheynormallydo.一贯地
例:
Typically,theNorwegianswereonthemountaintwohoursbeforeanyoneelse.
挪威人一贯比其他人早两个小时到山上。
13.approach/əˈprəʊtʃ/
1).v.Whenyouapproachsomething,yougetclosertoit.走近
例:
Hedidn'tapproachthefrontdooratonce.
他没有立即走近前门。
例:
WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent.
当我走近时,他们变得沉默了。
2).n.Approachisalsoanoun.走近
例:
Attheirapproachthelittleboyranawayandhid.
当他们走近时,那个小男孩跑开了并藏了起来。
3).vt.Ifyouapproachsomeoneaboutsomething,youspeaktothemaboutitforthefirsttime,oftenmakinganofferorrequest.与…接洽[noco