外文翻译电气工程及自动化.docx
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外文翻译电气工程及自动化
毕业论文英文翻译资料
题目:
直流开关稳压电源的保护技术
院(系):
电气与信息工程学院
专业:
电气工程及其自动化
学生姓名:
冯启立
班级:
电气1144
学号:
1104411414
指导教师:
郭大业
何希才.新型开关电源设计与应用[M].北京:
科学出版社,2001.
DCSwitchingPowerSupplyProtectionTechnology
Abstract:
TheDCswitchingpowersupplyprotectionsystem,protectionsystemdesignprinciplesandmachineprotectionmeasures,ananalysisofswitchingpowersupplyintherangeofprotectedcharacteristicsanditsdesignmethodology,introducedanumberofpracticalprotectioncircuit.
Keywords:
switchingpowersupplyprotectioncircuitsystemdesign
A、Introduction
DCswitchingregulatorusedinthepriceofmoreexpensivehigh-powerswitchingdevices,thecontrolcircuitisalsomorecomplex,Inaddition,theloadswitchingregulatorsaregenerallyusedalargenumberofhighlyintegratedelectronicsystemsinstalleddevices.Transistorsandintegrateddevicetoleranceelectricity,lessheatshocks.SwitchingRegulatorsthereforeshouldtakeintoaccounttheprotectionofvoltageregulatorsandloadtheirownsafety.Manydifferenttypesofcircuitprotection,polarityprotection,introducedhere,theprogramprotection,over-currentprotection,over-voltageprotection,under-voltageprotectionandover-temperatureprotectioncircuit.Usuallychosentobesomecombinationofprotection,constitutesacompleteprotectionsystem.
B、Polarityprotection
DCswitchingregulatorinputisgenerallynotregulatedDCpowersupply.Operatingerrorsoraccidentsasaresultofthesituationwilltakeitswrongpolarity;switchingpowersupplywillbedamaged.Polarityprotectionpurposes,istomaketheswitchingregulatoronlywhenthecorrectpolarityisnotconnectedtoDCpowersupplyregulatortoworkat.Connectingasingledevicecanachievepowerpolarityprotection.SincethediodeDtoflowthroughswitchingregulatorinputtotalcurrent,thiscircuitappliedinalow-powerswitchingregulatormoresuitable.Powerinthelargeroccasion,whilethepolarityprotectioncircuitasaproceduretoprotectalink,savethepowerrequiredforpolarityprotectiondiodes,powerconsumptionwillbereduced.Inordertoeasytooperate,makeiteasiertoidentifythecorrectpolarityornot,collectthenextlight.
C、Procedurestoprotect
Switchingpowersupplycircuitisrathercomplicated,basicallycanbedividedintolow-powerandhigh-powerpartofthecontrolpartoftheswitch.Switchisahigh-powertransistors,fortheprotectionofthetransistorswitchisturnedonoroffpowersafety,wemustfirstmodulator,amplifierandotherlow-powercontrolcircuit.Tothisend,theboottoensurethecorrectprocedures.SwitchingRegulatorsgenerallytaketheinputofasmallinductor,theinputfiltercapacitor.Momentintheboot,filtercapacitorwillflowalotofsurgecurrent,thesurgecurrentcanbeseveraltimesmorethanthenormalinputcurrent.Suchalargesurgecurrentmaycontactthegeneralpowerswitchorrelaycontactmelting,andtheinputfuse.Inaddition,thecapacitorsurgecurrentwilldamagetoshortenthelifespanofprematuredamage.Tothisend,thebootshouldbeaccesstoacurrentlimitingresistor,throughthecurrentlimitingresistortocapacitorcharging.Inordernottomakethecurrentlimitingresistorexcessivepowerconsumption,thusaffectingthenormalswitchingregulator,andthetransientprocessinthebootafterashortperiodthenautomaticallyrelaysittoDCpowersupplydirectlytotheswitchingregulatorpowersupply.Thiscircuitswitchingregulatorcalleda"softstart"circuit.
Switchingregulatorcontrolcircuitofthelogiccomponentsrequiredorop-ampauxiliarypowersupply.Tothisend,theauxiliarypowersupplymustbeintheswitchcircuit.Thiscontrolcircuitcanbeusedtoensuretheboot.Normalbootprocessis:
toidentifythepolarityofinputpower,voltageprotectionprocedures→boot→auxiliarypowersupplycircuitandthroughcurrentlimitingresistorRoftheswitchingregulatorinputcapacitorC→chargemodulationswitchingregulatorcircuit,→short-circuitcurrentlimitingresistorstabilityswitchingregulator.
Intheswitchingregulator,themachinesjustbecausetheoutputcapacitance,andchargetotheratedoutputvoltagevalueoftheneedforacertainperiodoftime.Duringthistime,samplingtheoutputamplifierwithlowinputvoltagesampling,closed-loopregulationcharacteristicsofthesystemwillforcetheswitchingofthetransistorconductiontimelengthened,sothatswitchingtransistorduringthisperiodwilltendtocontinuousconduction,andeasilydamaged.Tothisend,therequirementsofthisparagraphintheboottime,theswitchtoswitchtheoutputmodulationcircuittransistorbasedrivesignalofthepulsewidthmodulation,canguaranteetheswitchingtransistorbythecut-offswitchesarebecomingmoreandmorenormalstate,thereforetheprotectionofthesettingupofaboottotieinwiththesoftstart.
D、Over-currentprotection
Whentheloadshort-circuit,overloadcontrolcircuitfailureorunforeseencircumstances,suchaswouldcausetheflowofswitchingvoltageregulatortransistorcurrentistoolarge,sothatincreasedpowertubes,fever,ifthereisnoover-currentprotectiondevice,highpowerswitchingtransistormaybedamaged.Therefore,theswitchingregulatorintheover-currentprotectioniscommonlyused.Themosteconomicalwayistousesimplefuse.Asaresultoftheheatcapacityofsmalltransistors,generalfuseprotectioningeneralcannotplayaroleintherapidfusecommonfuse.Thismethodhastheadvantageoftheprotectionofvulnerable,butitneedstoswitchtransistorinaccordancewithspecificsecurityrequirementsoftheworkareatoselectthefusespecifications.Thisdisadvantageisover-currentprotectionmeasuresbroughtaboutbytheinconvenienceoffrequentreplacementoffuses.
Linearvoltageregulatorcommonlyusedintheprotectionandcurrentlimitingtoprotectthecut-offintheswitchingregulatorcanbeapplied.However,accordingtothecharacteristicsofswitchingregulators,theprotectioncircuitcannotdirectlycontroltheoutputtransistorswitches,andovercurrentprotectionmustbeconvertedtopulseoutputcommandstocontrolthemodulatortoprotectthetransistorswitch.Inordertoachieveover-currentprotectionaregenerallyrequiredsamplingresistorinseriesinthecircuit,thiswillaffecttheefficiencyofpowersupply,somoreforlow-powerswitchingregulatorofoccasions.Inthehigh-powerswitchingpowersupply,bytakingintoaccountthepowerconsumptionshouldbeavoidedasfaraspossibleaccesstothesamplingresistor.Therefore,therewillusuallybeconvertedtoover-currentprotection,andunder-voltageprotection.
E、Over-voltageprotection
Switchingregulator'sinputover-voltageprotection,includingover-voltageprotectionandoutputover-voltageprotection.SwitchingregulatorisnotusedinDCpowersupplyvoltageregulatorandrectifier,suchasbatteryvoltage,iftoohigh,soswitchingregulatorisnotworkingproperly,orevendamagetointernaldevices,therefore,itisnecessarytousetheinputover-voltageprotectioncircuit.Usingtransistorsandrelaysprotectioncircuit.
Inthecircuit,whentheinputDCpowersupplyvoltagehigherthanthevoltageregulatordiodebreakdownvoltagevalue,thebreakdownvoltageregulatortube,acurrentflowingthroughresistorR,sothatVturn-ontransistor,relay,normallyclosedcontactoffopen,cutofftheinput.VoltageregulatorvoltageregulatorwhichcontrolsthevalueofVs.=Earwax-UBE.Thepolarityofinputpowerwiththeinputprotectioncircuitcanbecombinedwithover-voltageprotection,polarityprotectionconstituteadifferentialcircuitandovervoltageprotection.
Outputover-voltageprotectionswitchingpowersupplyisessential.Inparticular,forthe5Voutputoftheswitchingregulator,itisalotofloadonahighlevelofintegrationofthelogicdevice.Ifatwork,switchingregulatorsuddendamagetotheswitchtransistor,theoutputpotentialmaybeincreasedimmediatelytotheimportationofnon-regulatedDCpowersupplyvoltagevalue,causinggreatlossinstantaneous.Commonlyusedmethodisshort-circuitprotectionthirsted.Thesimplestover-voltageprotectioncircuit.Whentheoutputvoltageistoohigh,theregulatortubebreakdowntriggeredthirstierturn-on,theoutputshort-circuit,resultinginover-currentthroughthefuseorcircuitprotectivedevicetocutofftheinputtoprotecttheload.Thiscircuitisequivalenttotheresponsetimeoftheopeningtimeofthirstierisabout5~10μs.Thedisadvantageisthatitsactionisfixedvoltage,temperaturecoefficient,andactionpointsofinstability.Inaddition,thereisavoltageregulatorcontrolparametersofthediscrete,modelover-voltagestart-upthesamebuthasdifferentvalues,difficulttodebug.Escasuddenincreaseinoutputvoltage,transistorsV1,V2conduction,thethrusterconduction.ReferencevoltageVs.bytype.
F、Under-voltageprotection
OutputvoltagebelowthevaluetoreflecttheinputDCpowersupply,switchingregulatoroutputloadinternalorunusualoccurrence.InputDCpowersupplyvoltagedropsbelowthespecifiedvaluewouldresultinswitchingregulatoroutputvoltagedrops,theinputcurrentincreases,notonlyendangertheswitchingtransistor,butalsoendangertheinputpower.Therefore,inordertosetupduetovoltageprotection.Duetosimplevoltageprotection.
Whennovoltageregulatorinputnormal,ZDbreakdownvoltageregulatortube,transistorsVconduction,therelayaction,contactpull-in,power-switchingregulator.Whentheinputbelowtheminimumallowablevoltagevalue,theregulatortubeZDbarrier,Vcut-off,contactKai-hop,switchingregulatorcannotwork.Internalswitch