专业英语四级阅读模拟题20.docx
《专业英语四级阅读模拟题20.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专业英语四级阅读模拟题20.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
专业英语四级阅读模拟题20
专业英语四级阅读模拟题20
READINGCOMPREHENSION
TEXTA
Itiscustomaryforadultstoforgethowhardanddullandlongschoolis.Thelearningbymemoryofallthebasicthingsonemustknowismostincredibleandunendingeffort.Learningtoreadisprobablythemostdifficultandrevolutionarythingthathappenstothehumanbrainandifyoudon'tbelievethat,watchanilliterateadulttrytodoit.Schoolisnoteasyanditisnotforthemostpartverymuchfun,butthen,ifyouareverylucky,youmayfindarealteacher.Threerealteachersinalifetimearetheverybestofmyluck.Myfirstwasascienceandmathteacherinhighschool,mysecond,aprofessorofcreativewritingatStanford,andmythirdwasmyfriendandpartner,EdRickets.
Ihavecometobelievethatagreatteacherisagreatartistandthatthereareasfewasthereareanyothergreatartists.Itmightevenbethegreatestoftheartssincethemediumisthehumanmindandspirit.
Mythreeteachershadthesethingsincommon:
Theyalllovedwhattheyweredoing.Theydidnottell.Theycatalyzed（催化，刺激）aburningdesiretoknow.Undertheirinfluence,thehorizonsprungwideandfearwentawayandtheunknownbecameknowable.Butmostimportantofall,thetruth,thatdangerousstuff,becamebeautifulandveryprecious.
Ishallonlyspeakofmyfirstteacherbecauseinadditiontotheotherthings,shebroughtdiscovery.
Shearousedustoshouting,book-wavingdiscussion.Shehadthenoisiestclassinschoolandshedidn'tevenseemtoknowit.Wecouldneversticktothesubject.Ourspeculationrangedtheworld.Shebreathedcuriosityintoussothatwebroughtinfactsortruthsshieldedinourhandslikecapturedfireflies.
Shewasfiredandperhapsrightlyso,forfailingtoteachfundamentals.Suchthingsmustbelearned.Butsheleftapassioninusforthepureknowableworldandsheinflamedmewithacuriositywhichhasneverleft.IcouldnotdosimplearithmeticbutthroughherIsensedthatabstractmathematicswasverymuchlikemusic.Whenshewasrelieved,sadnesscameoverusbutthelightdidnotgoout.Shelefthersignatureonus,theliteratureoftheteacherwhowritesonminds.Ihavehadmanyteacherswhotoldmesoon-forgottenbacksbutonlythreewhocrestedinmeanewthing,anewattitudeandanewhunger.IsupposethattoalargeextentIamtheunsignedmanuscriptofthehighschoolteacher.Whatdeathlesspowerliesinthehandsofsuchaperson?
Icantellmysonwholooksforwardwithhorrortofifteenyearsofdrudgery（繁重而乏味的工作）thatsomewhereinthedustydarkamagicmayhappenthatwilllightuptheyearsifheisverylucky.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theauthorassumesthat
A.anilliterateadultenjoyslearningknowledge.
B.learningtoreadisatoughthing.
C.schoollifeiseasyandenjoyable.
D.adultsoftenremembertheirdullschoollife.
答案：
B
事实细节题。
第一段提到，识字读书也许是人的脑子碰上的最艰巨、最具变革性的事情。
原文中的themostdifficultandrevolutionarything和B中的atoughthing属于同义转述，故B为答案。
A“成年的文盲喜欢学习新知识”是对该段第三句后半部分的错误理解；该段前半部分都在谈论读书是如何的hard，dull以及difficult等，故C与文意相反；D与该段第一句矛盾。
2.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingcanmakeateacherEXCEPTthat
A.teachersarekeenontheircareer.
B.teacherscanenlightenstudentstoconceive.
C.teachersshouldbealsoartistsinotherfields.
D.teachersinspirestudentstodiscover.
答案：
C
事实细节题。
作者在第二段首句说“良师像艺术家一样难得”，这并不是说良师应该是另外一个领域的艺术家；因此C错误地理解了作者的意思，为本题答案。
作者在第三段首句谈到他三个老师的共同点时说到，theyalllovedwhattheyweredoing，由此看出A是该句的同义转述；而B“老师能够启发学生去想象”、D“老师激励学生去发现”在文中第三段、第四段均有相关表述，故不能作为本题答案。
3.Accordingtotheauthor,what'sthemostimportantfeatureforarealteacher?
A.Ateachershouldmakefunintheclass.
B.Ateachershouldbreathecuriosityintostudents.
C.Ateachershouldimpartbasicthings.
D.Ateachershouldbeknowledgeable.
答案：
B
事实细节题。
实际上，文章从第二段开始都在谈论老师的好品质，但自始至终未提到“老师应该在课堂开玩笑”、“老师应该博学”，因此A、D均不正确；作者在第六段提到，他的第一个老师被开除了，因为她没有教授一些基本的知识，尽管这样，作者认为她仍然是一位好老师，故C与文意不符。
作者在五段回忆第一个老师时谈到“她把好奇之心注入我们心中”，由此看出B正确。
4.Mentioningthefirstteacher'sinfluence,theauthorcomparedhimselfto
A.acapturedfirefly.
B.amusician.
C.light.
D.anunsignedmanuscript.
答案：
D
事实细节题。
浏览选项，capturedfirefly在第五段末提到，由该处可知，作者是把获得的事实与真理比作抓在手里的萤火虫，故A不正确；作者在第六段第四句曾说，当时他连最简单的数学也不会做，但通过第一个老师，他感觉抽象的数学就像音乐一样，由此看出B是对该处的错误理解；在该段第五句，作者说老师走了，但那光明却从未熄灭，可见，“光明”不是指作者自己，故C也错误；在该段最后作者提到“我认为自己在很大程度上就是那位中学老师的未署名的手稿”，所以D为本题答案。
5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe
A.WhatMakesaRealTeacher.
B.MyfirstRealTeacher.
C.ThreeTeachersofMine.
D.ATeacherWhoInflamesMe.
答案：
A
主旨大意题。
通读全文发现作者首先概括对他影响最深的三位老师的特点，接着回忆了第一位老师；通过回忆，谈到了作为一位伟大的老师的许多优秀品质，所以A能概括全文。
B、D实际表达的同一层含义，它们与C一样，都太片面。
TEXTB
Onmostshoresyouwillnoticethatthesealevelchangesthroughouttheday.Theseupsanddownsoftheseasarecalledtides.
Whyshouldtidesoccur?
EverythingontheEarth'ssurfaceisattractedtowardstheEarthbyaforcecalledgravity.TheMoonandtheSunalsohaveagravitationalpulloftheirown.AstheMoonpassesaroundtheEarthitattractsthewatersoftheoceansonthesidefacingit,pullingthemawayfromtheEarth,andcausingthemtobulge.Ontheoppositesidefromthis"tidalbulge",thereisanotheronebecauseor,thatside,thelandisclosertotheMoonthanthewaters,andthelandispulledawayfromtheseas,leavingabulgebehind.ThesetwobulgesremaininthesamepositioninrelationtotheMoon,buttherotationoftheEarthmeansthateachofthemappearstomovearoundtheEarth.Thesebulgesarecalledhighwater,andthegapsbetweenthemarecalledlowwater.
Therearetwootherfactorsthathelpintheformationofthetides.Youknowthatifyoucausethewaterinyourbathtorock,itmayriseandfallagainstthesideofthebathforsometime.Inthesameway,oncethetideshavebegun,thewaterstendtocontinuetorockupanddownandtheyaregivenanextrapushbytheattractionoftheMoon.TheSunalsotendstoattracttheEarth'soceanstowardsitself,butbecauseitissomuchfurtheraway,theattractionislessimportant.Atcertaintimesoftheyear,however,theSun,theMoon,andtheEarthareallinastraightline.Whenthishappens,theattractionoftheSunisaddedtotheattractionoftheMoonandtidesareextrahigh.
Wavesarealmostwhollytheresultofwindblowingacrossthesurfaceofthewater.Thewinddragsthewatertoformwaveswhichmoveslowlyforward,andgetlarger.Althoughthewaveshapemovesforward,eachparticleofwatermovesroundincirclesanddoesnotchangeitsaverageposition.Theheightofawavedependsonthreefactors:
howhardthewindisblowing,howlongthewindhasbeenblowing,andthefetch.Theword"fetch"meansthelengthofthestretchofopenwateroverwhichthewindisblowing.1.Whatisthemajorcauseoftheformationofthetides?
A.ThegravityoftheEarth.
B.ThepulloftheSunandtheMoon.
C.TheattractionoftheMoontotheoceansandland.
D.ThegravitationalpulloftheMoontothebulge.
答案：
C
事实细节题。
文章主要在第二段讲了潮汐的形成过程。
其中第四句开始讲到：
当月球绕地球转动时，因吸引正对着它那边的水而形成“涨潮”；而在另一面，因陆地离月球更近，陆地被拉离地球，于是后面又形成另一个“涨潮”；高潮之间的间隙被称为低潮，加在一起就是我们所见的潮汐。
所以C正确。
该段第二句谈到地球的引力是为了说明太阳、月球也有引力，故A是对原文的错误理解；同理，B也应被排除；由原文可知，月球对海洋的引力引起了“涨潮”，而不是月球对“涨潮”的引力引起了潮汐，故D也不正确。
2.EachtidalbulgeseemstomovearoundtheEarthbecauseof
A.therelationshipbetweentheMoonandtheEarth.
B.thepositionsofthetwobulges.
C.therotationoftheEarth.
D.thegravitationalpulloftheMoon.
答案：
C
事实细节题。
由文章第二段倒数第二句可看出，两个涨潮相对于月亮所处的位置是保持不变的，地球的自转使得涨潮看起来像是随着地球在转动，因此C正确，同时排除A、B。
D是导致海水的涨潮落潮的原因，也不正确。
3.Tidesreachtheirmaximumwhen
A.astrongwindblowsonthesurfaceofthewater.
B.theSunandtheMoonformarightanglewiththeEarth.
C.theSunalsotendstoattracttheEarth'soceans.
D.theSun,theMoon,andtheEarthareinline.
答案：
D
事实细节题。
由题干关键词maximum将信息定位于第三段最后两句：
每年总有太阳、月亮和地球呈一条直线的特定时候……太阳的引力就会加入到月亮的引力中去，因而潮汐会extrahigh。
因此应选D。
由最后一段可知，A是影响wave的因素，不选；B“太阳、月球与地球形成一个直角”与文意不符；由第三段倒数第三句可知，太阳对海洋一直都有引力，但是很小，因此不能说太阳有引力时潮汐会最高，故C也错误。
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Whenthewavemovesforward,thewatermovesforward,too.
B.Theheightofawaveisrelatedtowindspeed.
C.Tidesaredifferentfromwaves.
D.Wavesareusuallytheresultofwindblowing.
答案：
A
事实细节题。
根据文章最后一段第三句话，可知尽管浪朝前移动，但每一部分水都在做转圈运动，平均位置不变。
所以A不正确，为本题答案。
B的内容可以在尾段倒数第二句找到；由最后一段首句可知，波浪是风吹过水面形成的，因此它和潮汐当然不一样，故C正确，D的说法也与该句相符。
TEXTC
Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcog（齿轮）inthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"humanrelations"experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwhole-heartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-andwhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.
Theworkersandemployeesareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.
Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinhighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedorfallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—
升级会员 