英语8种时态.docx
《英语8种时态.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语8种时态.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![英语8种时态.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-7/2/92ee22e4-64d8-470a-a935-d349bb5196b9/92ee22e4-64d8-470a-a935-d349bb5196b91.gif)
英语8种时态
初中英语八种时态归纳温习
时态是英语学习中一个相当重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运历时,往往对时态问题倍感棘手,下面咱们就归纳温习一下这几种时态。
一、 一样此刻时
(一)概念
表示常常性或适应性的动作,或存在的状态,还表示主语具有的性格 和能力及客观真理。
例:
I get up at 6:
30 in the morning . She is at home .
(二)组成
要紧用动词原形表示,当主语是第三人称单数时,在动词词尾加s/es。
(三)句型
一、确信句:
主语+谓语+其他。
She reads English everyday .
二、否定句:
主语+don’t/doesn’t+谓语+其他。
He doesn’t get up at 6:
30 in the morning .
3、一样疑问句:
Do/Does+主语+V原+其他?
Do you like English ?
Yes ,I do ./No, I don’t .
4、特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他?
What time do you get up every morning ?
Where does your father work ?
(三)用法
一、表示常常性或适应性的动作,或存在的状态,带与表示频率的时刻状语如:
often , sometimes , usually,always , everyday year,month...) , once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on Sundays等连用。
I leave home for school at seven every morning .
2、表示客观真理,科学事实、格言警语。
The sun rises in the east .日出东方。
The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。
Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。
Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。
The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。
3、依照英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一样以后时,那么时刻或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一样此刻时来表示以后要发生的动作。
I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告知他那个消息。
If you come this afternoon,we’ll have a meeting .
4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特点、能力等等。
那个地址的目的是为了"描述现时期的动作或状态",其重点"不是强调动作发生的时刻、或进行的状态"。
例如:
He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。
That is a beautiful city .那是座漂亮的城市。
Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
She majors in music .她主修音乐。
All my family love football .我全家人都喜爱足球。
My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹老是乐于助人。
(四)动词第三人称单数形式转变规那么
一、一样情形下,动词后直接加-s;
如:
help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等。
二、以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾加-es;
如:
dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i,再加-es;
如:
study--studies,fly-flies,carry--carries等。
4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have改成has,
如:
He has an interesting book .
五、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改成am,遇有主语是第二
人称时,be改成are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改成is
用动词的适当形式填空
like ____________ (swim).
_________(read) English every day.
_________(go)to school at seven in the morning.
(go)to school at seven in the morning.
mother________(like) ______(go) shopping.
can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures.
(make) a model plane.
you ________(like)_________(run)?
he_________(like)_________(jump) ?
Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ?
teachers________(like)___________(dance).
teacher________(like)____________(dance).
students___________(speak) English in class.
student_________(speak) Chinese after class.
15. He_____________ like swimming . ( not )
二、 一样过去时
(一)结构
一样过去时用动词的过去式表示。
注:
在一样过去时的句子中,谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词,其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用,were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。
凡是由be动词做谓语的句子,变否定句时,直接在其后加not,即wasn’t 或weren’t,变一样疑问句将was/ were放在句首,句末用问号。
另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当,如stayed\went\visited等,这一类动词做谓语时,可与任何人称连用,句子变否按时,要在主语后面,动词的前面加didn’t,动词用原形;一样疑问句是把did提到句首,动词用原形。
I was in Shanghai last year .
I wasn’t in Shanghai last year .
Was you in Shanghai last year ?
He went to the park yesterday .
He didn’t go to the park yesterday ?
Did he go to the park yesterday ?
(二)句式
一、确信句:
主语+动词过去式+其他。
I was in Beijing yesterday . I went to the beach yesterday .
2、否定句:
主语+wasn’t 或weren’t+其他。
主语+didn’t + V原+其他。
I wasn’t in Beijing yesterday . I didn’t go to the beach yesterday .
3、一样疑问句:
was/ were+主语+V原+其他?
Did +主语+V原+其他?
Were you in Beijing yesterday ?
Did you go to the beach yesterday ?
4、特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他?
特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他?
Where were you yesterday ?
Where did yougo yesterday ?
(三)用法
一、表示过去某一时刻或某一段时刻里所发生的动作或情形,常与明确的时刻状语连用,如:
yesterday,last week(month , year…),…ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of…,in 1980等连用。
如:
At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .
二、表示过去常常发生或反复发生的动作,常与表示频度的时刻状语连用。
When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .
3、在时刻、条件状语从句中,经常使用一样过去时态代替过去以后时。
He said he wouldn’t go if it rained .
(四)动词过去式的规那么转变
1) 一样情形下, 在动词原形末尾加-ed 如look-looked
2) 结尾是字母e 的动词加-d, 如 practice-practiced;
3) 结尾是―辅音字母+y‖ 的动词, 变―y‖为―i‖ 再加ed, 如study studied;
4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾的辅音字母,再加ed, 如stop stopped。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. We all _________ (have) a good time last night.
2. Helen _________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
3. She likes _________ newspapers, but she _________ a book yesterday. (read)
4. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
5. Jim's mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
6. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday?
No, they _________.
7. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
8 We ____ (go) to school on Sunday.
9. It ____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ___ (go) to his office by car.
10. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
三、一样以后时
(一)概念
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
There will be an English party next Saturday . We will come to see you tomorrow .
(二)结构
一、由will +动词原形组成,其will适用于各类人称,与主语连在一路时,常常缩写为’ll。
变否定句时,只需在will后加not,可缩写为won’t 。
在疑问句中,will需提早,组成will+主语+动词原形的结构。
He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达那个地址。
二、shall+动词原形(经常使用于主语为第一人称)
I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。
3、be going to+动词原形(打算、预备做某事)
He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。
(三)用法
一、表示在以后某个时刻将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示以后的时刻状语,如:
tomorrow, next day(week,month,year....), this evening (weekend …), in the future , in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow ,by..., soon 等连用。
I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week . I hope you won’t be late next time .
二、当主句为一样此刻时,在以after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引导的时刻或条件句中,要用一样此刻时表以后。
I’ll do it better if the teacher gives me another chance .
单项选择
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn't working B. doesn't working C. isn't going to working D. won't work
( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. -_____ you ______ free tomorrow?
- No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
-________. (不,不要。
)
A. No, you won't. B. No, you aren't. C. No, please don't. D. No, please.
( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper?
- I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are
( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
四、过去以后时
表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。
但那个"以后"时刻绝可不能延伸到―此刻;而仅限于―过去时刻区域内。
由此能够看出,含那个时态的句子常带一个表示过去某个时刻点的状语。
那个状语或是一个短语,或是一个句子。
那个时态经常使用于:
A)宾语从句或间接引语中;
B)表示过去适应性的动作;
C)表示过去情形中的愿望、偏向,多用于否定句。
例如:
A) When I thought about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 当我考虑这件事时,我想明白他们的反映是什么。
She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告知我,她第二天要去欧洲旅行。
He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到咱们会全在那儿。
B) During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段时刻,他天天早锻炼。
Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 不管他什么时刻有空,他老是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
C) No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多难,他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。
They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他们明白咱们绝可不能许诺发生如此的事。
Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave . 乃至在讲座终止以后,听众仍不肯离去。
过去以后时大体结构
过去以后时由would, was/were going to, was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形组成, 也可由was/were on the point of加动名词组成。
例句:
I knew you would agree. 我明白你会同意的。
I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.
5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
6. I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.
7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
五、此刻进行时
(一)结构
由 Be(am/is/are) +动词—ing 组成。
(二)用法
一、表示说话时刻正在进行的动作及行为,或包括说话时刻在内的一段时刻正在进行的动作。
经常使历时刻状语及标志词:
now( at the moment ) , listen , look , this week , this evening , these days 等。
Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room .
二、表示一种渐进的进程。
My younger brother is becoming more and more insterested in English .
3、与always , all the time , forever等连用,表示说话人某种强烈的情感,如:
赞许、批评;喜爱、厌恶等。
例如:
He is always thinking of others , not of himself . (表示赞许)他老是为他人着想,而不为自己。
She is often doing well at school. (表示中意)她在学校学习挺不错的。
Are you feeling better today?
(表示亲切)你今天感觉好一些吗?
One of my roommates is constantly leaving th