最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人.docx

最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人.docx

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最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人

2018高考英语分项突破训练·阅读理解精析精练人物传纪类

【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案

    Shewasborntowealthandpowerinanerawhenmoneyandpoliticswerelefttothemen.Later,asTheWashingtonPost’spublisher,KatharineGrahambecameoneofAmerica’smostpowerfulwomen.

    Despiteaprivilegedbackground,Katharinehadtodeal,whilegrowingup,withthehighdemandshermotherplacedonher.Katharine’sloveofjournalism,whichshesharedwithherfather,ledtohercareeraftercollegeatTheWashingtonPost,thenewspaperherfatherboughtin1933.AtthePost,KatharinemetPhilGraham,ayoung,charminglawyerwhobecameherhusband.When,in1945,Katharine’sfatherchosePhiloverhertotakeoverhisstrugglingpaper,Katharinedidn’tobjectandstayedathomeasawifeandmotheroffour.

    WhilePhil’ssuccessfuleffortstorestorethePosttoprominencemadetheGrahamspopularmembersoftheWashingtonsocialscene,Katharineprivatelysufferedtremendouspainfromherhusband’sincreasinglyabusivebehaviorandwildmoodswingscausedbyseveredepression.WhenPhilcommittedsuicide（自杀）,the46-year-oldKatharinefoundherselfthrownintoanewjob,thatofnewspaperpublisher.Butdeterminedtosavethefamilypaperforherchildren,KatharinerosetothechallengeofrunningthePost,attendingmeetingsineverydepartment,workingendlesslytoproveherselftohercritics,andbecomingthetoastofWashington.

    In1971,KatharineorderedthePosttoprintacopyofThePentagonPapers,thetop-secretdocumentsrevealingthetruthabouttheUnitedStates’involvementintheVietnamWar.What’smore,hercourageousdecisionandsupportforherjournalistspreparedthePosttobreakthemostimportantpoliticalstoryinmodernhistory:

     Watergate（水门事件）,oneofthegreatestscandals（丑闻）inAmericanpoliticalhistory.     Katharinemanagedtokeepcontroloverthemostchaoticsituationswhenitwasreported,allthetimeinsistingthenewsstoriesbeaccurateandfair.WatergatemadeTheWashingtonPostaninternationallyknownpaperandKatharinewasconsideredasthemostpowerfulwomaninAmerica.

56.KatharineGrahamwasborninatimewhen_______.

A.womenwerenotgiventhechancetoreceiveeducation

B.womenwerenotconsideredasintelligentasmen

C.womenwerenotpermittedtoachievetheirgoals

D.womenwerenotallowedtoentereveryfield

57.Whenherhusbandwaschosentotakechargeofthenewspaper,KatharineGraham_______.

A.wasstronglyagainsttheidea

B.wasnothappytoberejected

C.waswillingtotakehershareofresponsibility

D.didn’tbelieveherhusbandwoulddoagoodjob

58.WhichcanbeconsideredthemostimportanteventinthehistoryofTheWashingtonPost?

A.ReportingWatergatescandal.

B.PrintingThePentagonPapers.

C.ReportingtheVietnamWar.

D.PhilrestoringthePost.

59.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.ItwasKatharineGraham’shusbandwhomadethegreatestcontributionstothePost.

B.WhenKatharineGrahamfirsttookoverthePost,hercriticsdoubtedherability.

C.KatharineGrahamwassuccessfulinhercareerbutsufferedseveredepression.

D.KatharineGrahamwasfreetodowhatevershelikedinherearlylife.

60.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UpsanddownsofTheWashingtonPost

B.KatharineGraham’sfamilylifeandcareer

C.KatharineGraham:

fromhousewifetosuccessfulpublisher

D.KatharineGraham:

awomanwhoshapedAmericanjournalism

文章向我们讲述的是一位传奇式女性KatharineGraham如何从一位家庭主妇,通过苦心经营成为一位闻名于世的出版商的故事。

56.D

【解析】细节理解题。

由第一段第一句可知,凯瑟琳·格雷厄姆出生在一个政治和金钱被男人主宰的时代,不是每一个领域都允许女性进入的。

57.C

【解析】由第二段的最后一句可以推出：

当父亲将华盛顿邮报大权交给她丈夫时,她没有怨言,甘愿在家做全职主妇,养育4个孩子。

  Mydadisveryuniquebecauseofhispersonalityandlifestyle.Forinstance,puthiswatchonhislefthand,eventhoughhe’salefty,andparkinghiscaronlyinthegarageisjusthisthinganddoesn’tchange.

   Myfatheronlywearssuitsduringtheweekbecauseit’ssomethingveryprofessionalandformal.Helovestoteachwhatheknows,fromteachingmymother,aunt,andsistersdrivingskillstoteachinghiskidsvocabulary.Also,wheneverheisaskedtodosomethingatwork,whateveritis,hewillalwayscompletethetaskontime.

   Mymotherbuysmostofhisclothes,ashehatesbigcrowds.Inhishouse,childrenwatchTVonlyafterfinishingallhomework,whichhebelievesisthebest,becausethechilddoeshishomeworkandstillstayshappy.

   Oneofmyfather’smainfocusesinlifeismakingsurehischildrengrowuptherightway,likehedid.HegrewupwithonesisterinChicago.Ashegotolder,hegotmarriedtomymotherwhoisthreeyearsyoungerthanhim.

   Mydadisanindividualwithnumerousqualities.Hispersonalityisjustverywonderfultolivewith.Themannersheshowsaresorefinedandprobablymuchbetterthanmostpeople.IadmiremyfatherandwanttobejustlikehimwhenIgrowup.

（1）Theauthorusedexamplesinthefirstparagraphtoshowhisfather______.

A.isastubbornman                           B.hasonlyonegarage

C.isauniqueperson                           D.doesn’twantanychange

（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheauthor’sfather?

______.

A.Heiskeenonshoppingverymuch        B.HewantstolookprofessionalandformalC.Hetakesgoodcareofhischildren            D.Heisalwayspunctualforthework

（3）  Accordingtothepassage,theauthor’sfather______.

A.firstmethiswifeinChicago                  B.hasasisterthreeyearsyounger

C.gotmarriedataveryoldage               D.getsalongwellwithhisfamily

（4）  Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.

A.parentcouldhavegreatinfluenceontheirkids

B.fatherisalwaysthestrictestpersoninafamily

C.childrenwanttogrowupjustastheirfathers

D.goodpersonalitiesmakeapersonextraordinary

【文章大意】文章通过对父亲优秀品格的介绍，向我们描述了一个出色的父亲，说明了父母对孩子的成长影响深远。

（1）C

【解析】细节理解题。

由本段的结构可以看出，Forinstance后所举的例子是为了论证第一句话所提出的观点，就是“Mydadisveryunique”。

（2）A

【解析】细节判断题。

由第三段的“Mymotherbuysmostofhisclothes，ashehatesbigcrowds.”可以看出，爸爸讨厌购物，都是妈妈帮他买。

由此可以判断A项错误。

（3）D

【解析】推理判断题。

由文章的叙述来看，父亲和孩子们以及妻子相处得都很好。

A项没有提到；倒数第二段提到妈妈比爸爸小三岁，而不是他的妹妹比他小三岁，故排除B；倒数第二段中“gotolder”意思是长大，而不是变老，故排除C项。

本题难。

（4）A

【解析】推断题。

由文章的叙述结合最后一段的“IadmiremyfatherandwanttobejustlikehimwhenIgrowup.”可以看出，父母对孩子的影响很大。

   IsabellaStewartwasborninNewYorkCityin1840．Herfathermadeagreatdealofmoneyinthetrade．Duringschool，herparentstookhertoItalytoexplorethecountry’smanyculturaltreasures．   

   OneoftheprivateartcollectionsIsabellavisitedinMilanhadadeepinfluenceonher．ShewrotetoherfriendsaboutherdreamofowningahouseonedaywithanartcollectionliketheoneshehadseeninItaly．

   InParis，Isabellabecameclosefriendswithoneofherclassmates，JuliaGardner，whosefamilywasfromBoston．JuliawouldlaterintroduceIsabellatoherbrother，Jack．In1860，IsabellaStewartmarriedJackGardner．

   Thecouplehadtoomucharttofitinsidetheirhome．Sotheydecidedtostartplanningamuseum．Mrs．Gardnerdidn’tlikethecoldandempty．spacesofmanymuseumsduringhertime．Shewantedawarmmuseumfilledwithlight．Sheoncesaidthatshedecidedyearsagothatthegreatestneedinhercountrywasart．Americawasayoungcountrydevelopingquicklyinotherareas．ButthecountryneededmorechancesforpeopletoSeebeautifulexamplesofart．

   Afterherhusband’sdeathin1898．Isabellaknewshehadnotimetoloseinbuildinghermuseum．Sheboughtland，hiredabuildingdesigner，andsupervised（监督）everydetailofhermuseum’sconstruction．

   Mrs．GardneropenedhermuseumonJanuary1，1918，whichwasthencalledFenway Court．Sheinvitedherfriendsthatnightforaspecialmusicalperformance．Thenextmonth，sheopenedthemuseumtothepublic．Atfirst，visitswerelimitedtotwentydaysoutofthe year．Visitorspaidonedollartoenter．

   IsabellaStewartGardnerdiedin1924inBoston.Inherwill，sheleftthemuseumamilliondollarsandaseriesofrequirementsabouthowitshouldbemanaged,onethatthepermanentcollectioncannotbechanged．

（1）Thetextismainlyabout________．

A．howIsabellaGardnerrealizedherdreamofbeinganartist

B．howMr．andMrs．Gardneraddedtotheircollectionsofart

C．howIsabella’smuseumwasopened

D．IsabellaStewartGardnerandhermuseum

（2）Bysaying“thegreatestneedinhercountrywasart”inParagraph4．Mrs．Gardnermeantthat ________．

A．Americawasstillayoungdevelopingcountry

B．therewerenomuseumsinAmericaatthattime

C．artfellfarbehindotherfieldsoftheAmericansociety

D．Americanshadnochancetoenjoythebeautifulart

（3）Inordertoachieveherdreamofowninganartsmuseum，MrsGardner________．

A．raisedmoneyfromherfriendsandrelatives

B．soldoutallherlandandhouses

C．heldspecialmusicalperformancesformoney

D．watchedovertheprocessofbuildingthemuseum

（4）WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?

A．Isabella-andJackwereclassmateswhenstudyinginParis．

B．Themuseumsatthattimewasnotcomfortable。

C．IsabellaopenedthemuseumaboutfiveyearsafterJack’sdeath．

D．Greatasthemuseumwas，visitorshadtowaitandpaytoenter．

（5）Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthatthemuseum________．

A．helpsearnmuchmoneyforitscollectionsofart

B．iscalledFenwayCourtbythevisitors

C．wasopenedtothepubliconJanuary1st，1918

D．isstillaffectedbyIsabellaGardnerinmanagementnow

（1）D

【解析】主旨大意题。

本文主要是讲了IsabellaStewartGardner的一生和她为了实现自己心中目标所作的奋斗。

故答案选D。

（2）C

【解析】句意猜测题。

根据文章第四段的“…wasayoungcountrvdevelopingquicklvinotherareas”可以判断出，当时美国的其他领域发展的相当的快，而艺术则相对落后。

故答案选C。

（3）D

【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章第五段，IsabellaStewart亲自买建筑用地，雇用建筑设计者，监管建筑的每个细节，其目的就是要确保博物馆快速而高质量的完成从而实现自己的