新编英语教程第三版第二册unit.docx

新编英语教程第三版第二册unit.docx

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新编英语教程第三版第二册unit

Unit3

ILead-in

IILanguageStructures

Modalauxiliaries

1.would+perfectinfinitiveusedtoexpress“unfulfilledwish”

.Iwouldhavelikedtosignup,butIsprainedmyankle.

2.should/oughtto+perfectinfinitiveusedtoexpress“unfulfilledobligation”

needn’t+perfectinfinitiveexpressing“unnecessarypastactions”

.1）Sheshould/oughttohavehadmoreoralpracticeduringtheterm.

2）Sheneedn’thavelearnedallthedialoguesbyheart.

3.may/might+perfectinfinitiveusedtoexpress“speculationsaboutpastactions”

can/couldnot+perfectinfinitiveusedtoexpress“negativedeductionaboutpast

actions”

.1）Hemay/mighthavegonetothelibrary.

2）Shecan’t/couldn’thavegonetothelibrary.

4.must+perfectinfinitiveusedtoexpress“affirmativedeductionaboutpastactions”

may/mightaswellusedwiththesecondpersonpronounexpressing“suggestions”

.1）Shemusthavegonetothelanguagelab.

2）Youmay/mightaswellusemybike.

PreparatoryQuestions

Directions:

Recastthefollowingsentencesusingthefollowingphrases:

1.“wouldhavelikedto（do）”

Notice:

　wouldhavelikedto（do）　is　usedwiththefirstpersontoexpressthespeaker’swishthatwasnotfulfilled．

1）IintendedtogoskatingwithyouyesterdaybutIcouldn’tbecausemymotherdidn’tletme.

（Response:

Iwouldhavelikedtogoskatingwithyouyesterday,butmymotherdidn’letme.）

2）ImeanttositinonProfessorWang’sclassthismorningbutIdidn’tbecauseIhadanimportantmeetingtoattend.

（Response:

IwouldhavelikedtositinonProfessorWang’sclassthismorning,butIhadanimportantmeetingtoattend.）

3）IintendedtotakepartinthebasketballmatchyesterdayafternoonbutIcouldn’t

becauseIhadabadfallyesterdaymorning.

（Response:

Iwouldhavelikedtotakepartinthebasketballmatchyesterdayafternoon,butIhadabadfallyesterdaymorning.）

4）Iplannedtolendyoumycassetterecorder,butIdidn’t,becauseitwasoutoforder.

（Response:

Iwouldhavelikedtolendyoumycassetterecorder,butitwasoutof

order.）

2.should/oughtto+perfectinfinitive

Notice:

　should/oughtto+perfectinfinitive,indicatingapastobligationthatwasnotfulfilled

1）Theexhibitionwasagoodone.AllofusvisiteditexceptJohn.

（Response:

:

Johnshould/oughttohavecomewithus.）

2）Wealllearnedalotfromthelecture,butLididn’tattendit.

（Response:

:

Lioughtto/shouldhaveattendedthelecture.）

3）Theengineerwenttotheresearchinstitutewithoutanumbrellaandwascaughtintherain.

（Response:

:

Theengineeroughtto/shouldhavetakenanumbrellawithhim.）

4）TheyboughtabookforMarybutshedidn’tlikeit.

（Response:

:

Theyoughtn’tto/shouldn’thaveboughtthebookforMary.）

needn’t+perfectinfinitive

Notice:

needn’t+perfectinfinitive,indicatingsomethingthatwasunnecessarilydoneinthepast

1）Iwroteasummaryinmorethanfivehundredwords.Buttheteacheronlyaskedfor

200words.

（Response:

:

Ineedn’thavewrittensuchalongsummary.）

2）Linansweredallthetenquestionsinthetestpaper.Butwewereonlyrequiredto

answereightofthem.

（Response:

:

Linneedn’thaveansweredallthetenquestionsinthetestpaper.）

3）Marywenttothestationanhourbeforethetrainstarted.

（Response:

:

Maryneedn’thavegonetothestationsoearly.）

4）Yaocarriedalltheparcelshomeherself.Shedidn’tknowtheywoulddeliverthemifsheaskedthem.）

（Response:

:

Yaoneedn’thavecarriedalltheparcelshomeherself.Theywouldhave

deliveredthemifshehadaskedthem.）

3．may/might+perfectinfinitive

Notice:

may/might+perfectinfinitive,indicatingspeculationsaboutpastactions

1）WhereisSusan?

Iwanttogotothecanteenwithher.

（Response:

:

Shemay/mighthavegonetherealready.）

2）It’safortnightsinceSunwenttotheSouthandwehaven’tgotawordfromhim.I

wonderifhe’sforgottenusall.

（Response:

:

Hemay/mighthavebeenverybusywithhisworkthere.）

3）Sidtoldmehe’dletmehavethelibrarybookafterhe’dfinishedwithit.It’saweek

sincehesaidthatandhestillhasn’tgivenmethebook.

（Response:

:

Hemay/mighthavereturnedthebooktothelibrary.

4）I’vebeenlookingformybicyclekeyforthreedays,andit’sstillnowheretobefound.

（Response:

:

Youmay/mighthavelostit.）

can’t/couldn’t+perfectinfinitive

Notice:

can’t/couldn’t+perfectinfinitive,indicatingnegativedeductionaboutpastactions

Thefirstpartoftheresponsecanbegiventothestudentsasaprompt.

1）Whereismytypewriter?

Someonemusthavestolenitlastnight.

（Response:

:

Itwashereamomentago.Itcouldn’thavebeenstolenlastnight.）

2）Keithoughttobeherenow.Perhapshe’slosthisway.

（Response:

:

ItoldhimhowtocomeandIevendrewhimamap.Hecan’thavelosthisway.）

3）Whobroughttherefrigeratorupstairs?

PerhapsitwasTim.

（Response:

:

Tim’snotthatstrong.Hecouldn’thavebroughtitbyhimself.）

4）Amanansweredthephone.Isupposeitwasherhusband.

（Response:

:

Butherhusbandhasn’tcomebackfromabroadyet.Itcouldn’thavebeenherhusband.）

4.must+perfectinfinitive

Notice:

must+perfectinfinitive,indicatingaffirmativedeductionaboutpastactions

1）Thefilmhesawlastnightwaswonderful.

（Response:

:

Hemusthaveenjoyedseeingit.）

2）Helookstired,doesn’the?

（Response:

:

Hemusthaveworkedhard./Hemusthavestayeduplatelastnight.）

3）Thechildrenweremakingalotofnoiseuntilfiveminutesago.Nowitissoquiet.

（Response:

:

Thechildrenmusthavegoneaway.）

4）Jameshascheckedallthefigurestwiceover,buthecan’tgetthecorrectanswer.

（Response:

:

Jamesmusthavemadeamistakesomewhere.）

5.may/mightaswell

Notice:

may/mightaswell,usedwiththesecondpersonpronountoexpressthespeaker’s

suggestion（s）

1）Iamsoexhaustedafterwork.

（Response:

:

Youmay/mightaswellgotosleep.）

2）I’mnotfeelingwell.IthinkI’vegotacold.

（Response:

:

Beingsoweak,youmay/mightaswellseeadoctor.）

3）ItistoohotforKarenandmetogoforapicnic.

（Response:

:

Whydon’tyouchangeittoanotherday?

Youmay/mightaswellgotoa

movietoday.）

4）Nickwon’ttakeuptheadditionalwork.Hejustwantstodohispart.

（Response:

:

Youmay/mightaswellaskLucytodoit.Togetaheadonherjob,sheis

willingtotrynewthings.）

DialoguePollutionControl

A.Listeningtotherecording

B.Questionsonthedialogue

1.WhyisLondonnolongeracityfulloffog?

2.WhatisthecauseofairandwaterpollutioninthecitywhereAlives?

3.Whatproblemsdocarbring?

4.WhatshouldbedonetobringpollutioninChinacompletelyundercontrol?

5.DoyouthinkthatenvironmentalpollutioninChinahasbeeneffectivelyreduced?

Ifso,pleasecitesomefactsorexamples.

C.LanguagePoints

1.Itmustbeterriblelivingthere.—Livingtheremustbeterrible.Theintroductoryitisaformalsubject,whereasthe-ingparticiplelivingistherealsubject.Anotherexample,

.Itisgreatfunboatingonthelake.

2.theCleanAirAct—ThiswastheresultoftherecommendationsmadebytheBeaverCommitteewhichwassetuptoinquireintothequestionofurbanpollutioninBritain.ThecommitteewassonamedbecauseitschairmanwasSirHughBeaver.

3.enforcev.giveemphasisorstrengthtosth.加强；makesth.（alaw）obeyedoreffectivebyforce强迫服从，实施；forceorcausesth.tobedoneortohappen迫使（某事）发生

.1）Mikemustprovideenoughexamplestoenforcehisargument.

2）Youhavenorighttoenforceyourownviewsonme.

3）Thegovernmentisunabletoenforceitsownlawsandregulations.

4.theThames／ｔｅｍｚ／isswarmingwithfish—theRiverThamesisfulloffishthatmoveaboutbusily.Thenamesofriversareprecededbythedefinitearticlethe,.,theYangziRiver,theYellowRiver,theHudsonRiver,theRiverMississippi.

.1）Eachsummertheswimmingpoolswarmswithpeople.

2）Thattownisalwaysswarmingwithtouristsfromallovertheworld.

5.double:

twiceasmuchorasmanyasusual;成双的，双重的，两倍的a.n.v.

adoublebed/roomat/onthedouble迅速地，立即地；以跑步方式

Thebosswillgivehimdoublepayforworkingovertime.

2）Thedatehadadoublesignificance.

3）You’dbetterbedoublecarefulwhencrossingthestreet.

4）ThepopulationofJapandoublesthatofCanada.

5）Thechildbirthrateinthatareahasdoubled.

6.tormentn.extremesuffering,especiallymentalsuffering;apersonorthingthatcausesthis.痛苦，折磨v.

.1）Loveisasweettorment.

2）Davidhasneversufferedthetormentofrejection.

3）Theynevertormentthemselvesoreachotheroverimperfections.

devices—devicesusedtotreatsmoke,dust,andwaterpollution治理三废设备

.1）Thetelevisionreceiverisanelectronicdevice.

2）Sendingadvertisingbyemailisveryeffectivemarketingdevice.

3）Hisillnessismerelyadevicetoavoidseeinghisgirlfriend.

8.residentiala.containingorsuitableforprivatehouses;connectedwithorbasedonresidence住宅的，与居住有关的

Graduallythesurroundingfarmlandturnedintoresidentialareas.

2）Itisaniceresidentialsection,equippedwithmodernconveniences.

residenta.居住的；n.居民，居住者

residencen.居住，住宅

residev.居住，定居

v.makeab.angry,annoyedorimpatient激怒，使烦躁；causediscomfortto（apartofbody）使不舒服，刺激

.1）Ourfaultsirritateusmostwhenweseetheminothers.

2）Hereffusivemannerofgreetingherfriendsfinallybegantoirritatethem.

3）Thesetightshoesirritatemytoes.

10.moreandmorepeoplehavecometoknowhowharmful...—moreandmorepeoplebegintoknowhowharmful...Theinfinitiveaftertheverbcomeexpressesanactionthattakesplacegraduallyoversometime.

workingwithMrs.Brown,whoappearedquitehard-hearted,inthesameoffi