学年最新人教版高中英语高一上学期第一次月考达标测试及答案精编试题.docx
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学年最新人教版高中英语高一上学期第一次月考达标测试及答案精编试题
人教版高一上学期第一次月考检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
考试时间120分钟，总共150分。
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第I卷（选择题，共90分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）
第二部分：
阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?
JaneAddams（1860-1935）
Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Shecreatedshelters,educationopportunitiesandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNoblePeacePrice.
RachelCarson（1907-1964）
RachelCarsonwasbornintheruralrivertownofSpringdale,PennsylvaniainAmerica.Thepopular
1962book"SilentSpring"byRachelCarsonmadepeoplerealizethedangersandtheharmfuleffects（影响）ofpollutiononhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.
AngelaMerkel（1954-）
In2005,GermanschoseAngelaMerkelastheirfirstwomanheadofthecountry.Shehadbeenascientistinthepast.AsGermany'sleader,shehashadaneffectonthewholeworld.
SandraDayO’Connor（1930-）
WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkbecauseshewasawoman.However,shebecamethefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt（最高法院）in1981afteryearsofhardwork.
MargaretThatcher（1925-）
In1979,MargaretThatcherbecameBritain'sfirstwomanPrimeMinister（首相）.Sheserveduntil1990,whichmadeherthefirstBritishleadertoservethreetermsinarow.Becauseofherhighstandardsandstrongwill,peoplecalledherBritain’sIronLady.
MarieCurie（1867-1934）
Polish-bornscientistMarieCuriediscoveredthatsometypesofmetalgiveoffenergycalledradiation（辐射能）.Herresearchledtonewmedicaltreatmentsandarms.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeinphysicsin1903andinChemistryin1911.
21.WhooncewontheNobelPrice?
A.JaneAddamsandMarieCurie
B.JaneAddamsandMargaretThatcher
C.MarieCurieandAngelaMerkel
D.MarieCurieandRachelCarson
22.WhatdoAngelaMerkelandMargaretThatcherhaveincommon?
A.Bothofthemwerescientistsbeforecomingtopower.
B.Bothofthemarethefirstwomanheadoftheircountry.
C.Bothofthemarefamousforbeingstrict.
D.Bothofthemhaveworkedforthreeterms.
23.Whooncefailedtofindajob?
A.JaneAddams.B.SandraDayO’Connor
C.RachelCarsonD.MargaretThatcher
B
Formanyyears,Istronglybelievedthatmysufferingwasbecauseofmysize.Ii
maginedthatwhentheweightdisappeared,itwouldtakeoldwounds,hurtsandrejectionswithit.
Manypeoplewithweightproblemsalsomistakenlybelievethatchangingourbodieswillfixeverything.Perhapsourmistakeisbelievingthatbeingthinequalsbeingloved,beingspecial,andbeingcaredfor.Wefantasize（幻想）aboutwhatitwillbelikewhenwereachthelong-awaitedgoal.Weworkveryhardtorealizethisdream.Then,atlast,wefindourselvesthere.
Butweoftengainbackwhatwehavelost.Evenso,wecontinuetobelievethatnexttimeitwillbedifferent.Nexttime,wewillkeepitoff.Nexttime,beingthinwillfinallybringushappiness,self-worth,and,ofcourse,love.
Ittookmealongtimetorealizethattherewassomethingmoreformetolearnaboutbeauty.Differentcultureshavedifferentstandards（标准）ofbeauty.InSamoaawomanisnotconsideredattractiveunlesssheweighsmorethan200pounds.Moreimportantly,ifit’shappinessthatwewant,whynotputourenergythereratherthanonthesizeofourbody?
Whynotlookinside?
Manyofusstrugglehardtochangeourbody,butinvain.Wehavetofindawaytolivecomfortablyinsideourbodyandmakefriendswithandcareforourselves.Whenwechangeourattitudestowardsourselves,thewholeworldchanges.
24.Thepassagetriestostresstheimportanceof____________.
A.bodysize B.differentbeautystandards
C.culturedifference D.attitudestowardslife
25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“everything”inparagraph2mean?
A.Thewholeworld B.Alltheproblems
C.Allthedreams D.All
thetruth
26.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?
A.TheauthorisaSamoan.
B.Theauthorprobablygotwoundedinwarsoraccidents.
C.Theauthorsucceededinlosingweight.
D.Theauthorhasbeentroubledbyher/hisweight.
27.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.One’shappinessisdeterminedbyaperson’sweight.
B.Notallcountriestakebeingthinasthestandardofbeauty.
C.It’sentirelywrongtocareaboutwhetherapersonisfatornot.
D.Onceapersonlosesweight,he/shewon’tgainbacktheweighteasily.
C
Travelingwithoutamapindifferentcountries,IfindoutaboutdifferentwaysofdirectionseverytimeIask“HowcanIgettothepostoffice?
”
ForeigntouristsareoftenpuzzledinJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon’thavenamesigns.InJapan,peopleuselandmarks（地标）intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames．Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,“Gostraightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthebusstop.”
PeopleinLosAngeles,theUS,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap:
theymeasuredistancebytime,notmiles.“Howfarawayisthepostoffice?
”youask.“Oh,”theyanswer,“it’saboutfiveminutesfromhere.”Youdon’tunderstandcompletely,“Yes,buthowmanymilesawayisit,please?
”Tothisquestionyouwon’tgetananswer,becausemostprobablytheydon’tknowitthemselves.
PeopleinGreecesometimesdonoteventrytogivedirectionsbecausetouristsseldomunderstandtheGreeklanguage.Instead,aGreekwilloftensay,“Followme.”Thenhe’llleadyouthroughthestreetsofthecitytothepostoffice.
Sometimesapersondoesn’tknowtheanswertoyourquestion.Whathappensinthesituation?
ANewYorkermightsay,“Sorry,Ihavenoidea.”ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers“Idon’tknow.”Peopletherebelievethat“Idon’t”isimpolite.Theyusuallygiveananswer,butoftenawrongone.SoatouristcangetlostveryeasilyinYucatan!
However,onethingwillhelpyoueverywhereintheworld.It’sbodylanguage.
28.WhichofthefollowingisprobablyanexampleofJapanesedirections?
A.“ThepostofficeisatStreetKamira.”
B.“Turnrightatthehospitalandgopastaschool.”
C.“Thepostofficeisaboutfiveminutesfromhere.”
D.“Gosouthtwomiles．Turnwestandthengoanothermile.”
29.Whydon’tpeopleinLosAngelesgivedirectionsinmiles?
A.Theyprefertoleadyoutheway.
B.Theyprefertousebodylanguage．
C.Theyoftenhavenoideaofdistancemeasuredbymiles.
D.Theyuselandmarksintheirdirectionsinsteadofdistance.
30.HowdoGreeksgivedirections?
A.Usingstreetnames.
B.Usinglandmarks.
C.Leadingpeopletheway.
D.Givingpeopleawrongdirection.
31.Accordingtothelastparagraph,wecanlearnthat______.
A.peopleinYucatanalwaysgivewrongdirections
B.peopleinMexicoknowstreets’namewell
C.bodylanguagemakesyougetlostinYucatan
D.peopleinMexicoprefertousebodylanguage
D
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainhe isbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatter howgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared（抚养）.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailto developandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can bedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidentical brainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,their
parentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflow intelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell－to－doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthe twinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was 125,twenty－fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.
32.Aperson’sintelligence______.
A.staysunchangedinacertainenvironment
B.isaffectedbytheenvironmentonly
C.isbornathesamelevelasanyoneelse’s
D.isaffectedbytheenvironmentaswellasthesortofbrainheisbornwith
33.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled________.
A.MeasuringYourIntelligence
B.IntelligenceandEnvironment
C.TheCaseofPeterandMark
D.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence
34.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is________.
A.85 B.100 C.110 D.125
35.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat________.
A.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel
B.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment
C.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence
D.chan
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