铸造缺陷中英文对照.docx

铸造缺陷中英文对照.docx

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铸造缺陷中英文对照

铸造缺陷中英文对照（总9页）

A.?

尺寸，形状缺陷

铸造缺陷castingdefects

尺寸超差impropershrinkageallowance

尺寸不合格wrongsize

模样错误excessrappingofpattern,deformedpattern,patternerror

壁厚不均differentthickness

铸型下垂moldsag

错型moldshift,shift,miss-match,cross-joint

舂移ramoff,ramaway

塌型molddrop,dropoff,dropout,dropsticker

上型下沉，沉芯sag（?

上型和型芯下垂导致壁厚减小）

飞翅fins,jointflash

翘曲warpage,buckling,warping,camber

铸件变形warpedcasting

挤箱pushup,cramp-off

型裂brokenmold,cracked

掉砂crushofmold,crush

变形deformation,castingdistortion,warpedcasting

B.?

缩孔（由凝固收缩引起）

缩孔shrinkage,shrinkagedcavity

内部缩孔internalshrinkage,dispersedshrinkage,blindshrinkage

敞露缩孔openshrinkage,externalshrinkages,sinkmarks,depression

缩松porosity,shrinkageporosity,leakers,microshrinkage,disperdedshrinkage

缩陷sinkmarks,draw,suck-in

芯面缩孔coreshrinkage

内角缩孔cornershrinkage,filletshrinkage

出汗孔extrudedbead,exudation

线状缩孔fissurelikeshrinkage

C.?

气体缺陷（由气体引起的孔）

气孔blowholes,gashole,blow

针孔pinholes

裂纹状缺陷，线状缺陷fissuredefects

D.?

裂纹

裂纹crack

缩裂shrinkagecrack

季裂seasoncracking,seasoncrack

应力热裂hotcracking,hottearing,hottear

淬火裂纹quenchcrack,quenchingcrack

应力冷裂coldcracking,breakage,coldtearing,coldtear

龟裂crack

激冷层裂纹，白裂chillcrack

E.?

夹杂物

夹渣slaginclusion,slagblowholes

砂眼sandinclusion,raisedsand,sandhole

其他夹杂物theotherinclusion

胀砂pushup,cramp-off,sandhole

掉砂crush,crushofmold

硬点hardspot

浮渣dross（?

浇注后在铸型内形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的线状缺陷的总称，另外，浇注过程中被卷进去的缺陷成为夹渣和砂眼，两者的区别是形成原因不同）

石墨浮渣graphitedross,carbondross

氧化皮夹渣oxidedross,oxideinclusion,skins,seams

硫化物熔渣sulfidedross

沉淀物sludge

夹渣物sandinclusion,oxideinclusion,skins,seams

黑点，黑渣blackspots,lustrouscarbon

涂料夹渣blacking,refractorycoatinginclusions

光亮碳膜lustrouscarbonfilms,kishtracks

F.?

外观缺陷

浇不足misrun,shortrun,coldlap,coldshut

冷隔coldshut,coldlaps

轻度冷隔seam

两重皮plate

皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin,seams,scare,flowmarks

漏箱run-out,runout,break-out,bleeder

漏芯molddrop,stiker

未浇满shortpours,shortrun,pouredshort

气孔blowholes,blow

飞翅fins，jointflash

胀砂，气疱swell,blister

芯撑未融合chapletshut,insertcoldshut,unfusedchaplet

热粘砂burnin

热痕flowmarks

内渗豆，冷豆，冷隔internalsweating,coldshot,shotiron

外渗物sweating

磷化物渗豆phosphidesweat

铅渗豆leadsweat

锡渗豆tinsweat

掉砂rat,sticker?

（型砂的一部分附着在模样上而形成的表面缺陷）

G.?

型芯缺陷

砂芯断裂crushedcore,brokencore

砂芯压碎brokencore

芯面缩孔coreblow

砂芯缩孔coreblow

砂芯下垂sagcore,deformedcore

砂芯弯曲deformedcore

漂芯shiftedcore,coreraise,raisedcore,moldelementcutout

偏芯coreshift

H.?

表面缺陷

沾砂burnon,sandburning,burnin,penetration

粘型（金属型）fusion

两重皮laminations,plat

机械粘砂penetration,metalpenetration

夹渣结疤scabs,expansionscabs,cornerscab

表面粗糙roughcasting,roughsurface

鼠尾buckle,rattail

涂料结疤blackingscab,washscabs

烘干不足seversurface,washscabs

熟痕surfacedefectcastingbycombinationofgasandshrinkage（?

在靠近厚断面处形成下陷的蛇状伤痕）

涂料剥落washerosion

气疱blister,surfaceorsubsurfaceblowhole

表面粗糙roughsurface,seems,scars

起皮stripping

剥落结疤pulldown,spallingscab

伤痕crow’sfeet

麻面pittingsurface,orangepeel,alligatorskin

热裂痕surfacefolds,gasruns

泡疤表面surfacefolds,gasruns

象皮状皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin

皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,seams,scare,flowmarks

波纹wave

冲砂wash

冲蚀erosion

I.?

组织缺陷（铸铁）

球化不良poornodularity,degeneratedgraphite

蠕墨化不良degeneratedgraphite

异常石墨abnormalgraphite

开花状石墨explodedgraphite

过冷石墨undercooledgraphite,D-typegraphite

石墨细小颗粒chunkygraphite

石墨粗大kishgraphite,kish

整列石墨alignedgraphite

石墨漂浮floatedgraphite

石墨魏氏组织Widmannstattengraphite

麻口mottledcastiron,mottle

灰点mottle

反麻口inversemottle（?

与麻口相反，在薄断面处和尖角处形成的麻口）

白口chill

反白口reversechill,inversechill

冷豆extrudedbead,exudation,internalsweating

退火不足missannealing,incompleteannealing

粗大枝晶组织coarseneddendritic

反偏析inversesegregation

比重偏析gravitysegregation

溶质偏析solutesegregation

宏观偏析macroscopicsegregation

微观偏析microscopicsegregation

J.?

断口缺陷

表面铁素体ferriterim

表面珠光体pearliterim

白缘，脱碳pearliticrim,pictureframe,pearlitelayer

不均匀断口heterogeneousfracturedsurface

破碎激冷层scatteredchillstructure,coldflakes

晶粒粗大roughgrain

尖钉状断口spikyfracturedsurface

冰糖状断口rockcandyfracturesurface

K.?

力学性能缺陷

硬点hardspot（?

对铸件，硬点是硬区、白口或冷豆等力学性能缺陷的总称；对铝合金，硬点是铸件内各种高硬度相，如初晶Si相、金属间化合物、氧化物，偏析等总称）

硬度不良poorhardness,toohighorlowhardness

L.?

使用性能缺陷

腐蚀性不良poorcorrosionresistance

切削性不良poormachinability

麻点tornsurface

锌晶间腐蚀zincintergranularcorrosion

电导率不良poorelectricalconductivity

M.?

其他缺陷

残留飞翅residualfin

残留黑皮residualblackskin

浇道冒口断口缺肉brokencastingatgate,riserorvent

端部缺肉insidecut

切口缺肉（压铸件）insidecut

翘曲（?

喷丸引起）camber,excessivecleaning

铸件弯曲（?

铸件变形）warpedcasting,castingdistortion,deformedmold,moldcreep

打磨缺肉crow’sfeet

铸造管理缺陷

裂纹crack

压痕impression

残留物

型砂残留sandinclusions

喷丸粒残留residualshot

锌蒸汽向炉壁渗透zincinfiltrationintorefractory