八年级上册英语unit12.docx
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八年级上册英语unit12
八年级上
Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?
语法:
不定代词和一般过去时态
1.goonvacation度假
onholiday/vacationspendaholiday
2.Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?
上个月你做了什么特别的事情吗?
anythingspecial.something,anything,nothing,somebody,anyone等都是不定代词。
当有形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的后面。
使用不定代词时,要注意以下几点:
A.一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句(还用在期望得到肯定回答的疑问句);any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句。
B.不定代词在句中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
C.含no的复合不定代词相当于“not+any的复合不定代词”:
nothing=notanything
3.Anyone“任何人”
用于肯定句中强调“任何人都”:
Nowanyonecangoonlineandbuythings.
用于疑问句,否定句中:
Don’ttellittoanyonehere.
4.longtimenosee.好久不见。
5.anywhereinteresting.“在任何地方”:
Youcangoanywhereyouliketogowiththemoney.
Ican’tfindthenewspaperanywhere.
形容词修饰somewhere,anywhere,nowhere等时,形容词要后置。
6.quiteafew相当多,不少
quite为副词,修饰afew.
afew,few,alittle,little:
修饰可数名词:
afew----表肯定。
few---表否定。
修饰不可数名词:
alittle---表肯定。
little---表否定。
7.mostofthetime大多数时间
Most的单复数概念取决于of后面的名词,谓语动词根据of后面的名词来决定。
Mostofthestudentsinourschoolarefromthecountry.
Mostofthemooncakeisbad.
8.relax动词:
放松;松弛
Thechildrenshouldrelaxatleast.
9.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.
A.Igotveryboredbecauseoftheboringmovie.
Relax--relaxed放松的;lose--lost丢失的;please--pleased高兴的;close--closed关着的;
surprise--surprised惊奇的;excite--excited兴奋的;worry--worried担忧的;interest--interested感兴趣的。
B.Seem连系动词或不及物动词,用法如下:
----主语+seem+(tobe+)表语:
Tomseems(tobe)averycleverboy.
----主语+seem+不定式,seem与不定式一起构成谓语:
Mr.Greendoesn’tseem/seemsnottoliketheidea.
----“Itseems+that从句”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句:
Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.
ItseemstomethatMr.Brownwillnotcomeagain.
----“There+seem(tobe)+名词”.Seem的单复数形式根据后面主语而定。
Theredoesn’tseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.
10.不定代词。
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。
A.常用普通不定代词列表:
some;any
few;little
none;
one;
other
many;much
either;neither
each;every
both;all
B.普通不定代词的用法:
---some;any的用法:
some用于肯定句(希望得到对方的肯定回答时的疑问句也用SOME);any用于否定句和疑问句。
---many与much:
many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词。
两个都可与表示程度的副词so,too,as,how连用。
C.常用复合不定代词列表:
somebody
anybody
nobody
everybody
someone
anyone
noone
everyone
something
anything
nothing
everything
---当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybody,nobody,anyone等时,反意疑问句的主语常用代词they:
Everybodyishere,aren’tthey?
---主句的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,反意疑问句的主语常用it:
Everythingisready,isn’tit?
---当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else要后置:
Xiaoming,hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.
Canyoufindanyoneelse?
---Everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;everyone可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用:
I’dlikeeveryonetobehappy.
I’vekepteveryoneofherletters.
11.decide动词:
决定。
名词:
decision.
decidetodosth.决定做某事。
decidenottodosth.
decide=makeupone’smind
decide接从句:
Hedecidetobuyanewcar.=Hedecidedthathewouldbuyanewcar.
12.try的用法:
动词:
trytodosth.尽力做某事trynottodosth.:
Heistryingtodrawahorse.
trydoingsth.试着做某事。
:
Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.
tryone’sbest尽某人最大努力。
I’lltrymybesttohelphim.
tryon试穿。
Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?
名词:
haveatry.
13.feellike
---感觉像是:
Mylegsfeellikecottonwool.
---想做...:
Idon’tfeellikecooking.Let’seatout.
14.wonder
---接宾语从句:
Iwonderwhereyouaretonight.
---奇迹,奇观:
TheGreatWallisaman-madewonder.
15.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!
Difference名词,different形容词,bedifferentfrom:
Therearemanydifferencesbetweenthetwins.
AmericanEnglishissignificantlydifferentfromBritishEnglish.
16.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.
becauseof“因为...,由于....”;
Because+句子:
Wecouldn’tseeanythingbelowbecausetheweatherwasbad.
Because作连词,用于引导原因状语从句或作why开头问句的答句,后跟句子。
Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.
Becauseof为介词短语,后接名词,名词短语或代词等。
Hestayedinhospitalbecauseofhisillness.
17.enough的用法:
---enough形容词,常与for或不定式连用,修饰复数名词或不可数名词:
Fivemenwillbequiteenough.
Hehasenoughmoneytobuyacar.
---enough与某些具有形容词意味的名词连用时,enough必须后置。
且该名词通常不用冠词修饰。
Iwasfool(=foolish)enoughtoaccepthisoffer.
---enough作副词:
十分地;充分地。
置于被修饰的形容词或副词后,后可接不定式或for,
Hedidn’tpracticeenough.
Sheisn’tgoodenoughfor(=topass)theexam.
习惯用法、搭配
1.buysth.forab./buysb.sth.为某人买某物
2.taste+adj.尝起来……
3.nothing….but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有
4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地
6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事
8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事
10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事
12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事
14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做…….呢?
15.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……
16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事
18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事
【强化练习】
练习
一、单选题
()1.---Doyouhave______tosayforyourself?
---No,Ihave______tosay.
A.something;everythingB.nothing;something
C.everything;anythingD.anything;nothing
()2.PaulandI______tennisyesterday.HedidmuchbetterthanI.
A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying
()3.Hewentintohisroomand______towork.
A.beginsB.beganC.CbeginningD.tobegin
()4.Idon’twanttogotothemuseum,it’stoo_______.
A.relaxingB.boringC.boredD.beautiful
()5.Ididn’tgotothemountains______thebadweather.
A.soB.becauseofC.becauseD.but
()6.Doyouenjoy______photos?
A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.takes
()7.Yesterdayafternoon,we______tothepark.
A.wentB.goC.goesD.goed
()8.It’scold,sowedecided______athome.
A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed
()9.Don’tforget______yourhomeworktomorrow.
A.bringB.tobringC.broughtD.bringing
()10.Shedidn’t______meaboutit.
A.toldB.tellC.tellingD.tells
()11.—How________you________yoursummervacation?
—IvisitedXi’an.
A.do,spendB.did,spendC.did,spent
()12.________didyougoonvacation?
A.WhereB.WhatC.Who
()13.There________asmallboy________inthecomer,andIhelpedhimfindhismother.
A.was,cryingB.is,cryC.was,cries
()14.Canyouhelpme________ataxi?
A.lookB.giveC.find
()15.Doyouwant________themusicclub?
A.joinB.joiningC.tojoin
()16.Whatdidtheydecide________then?
A.doB.todoC.doing
()17.Wehadgreatfun________inthewater.
A.playB.playedC.playing
()18.Thatwastooexpensive,________Idecidednottobuy.
A.becauseB.soC.if
()19.Ididn’thave________moneyforataxi,________Ihavetowalkhome.
A.many,becauseB.any,soC.some,so
()20.Where________you________yesterday?
A.do,goB.did,goC.did,wentD.was,go
()21.There________aheavyrainlastnight.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
()22.I________youyesterdayafternoon,butyou________athome.
A.call,aren’tB.amcalling,aren’tC.called,wereD.called,weren’t
()23.Ididn’treallyenjoyit,________theshopsweretoocrowded.
A.soB.becauseC.butD.or
()24.Momoftentellsme________computergamestoomuch.
A.notplayB.nottoplayC.notplayingD.aplay
()25.Wehadgreatfun________thevolleyballmatch.
A.watchB.watchedC.watchesD.watching
二、句型转换
1.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.(改为否定句)
I___________myhomeworkyesterday.
2.ShewenttoNewYorkonvacation.(就划线部分提问)
_______didshe______onvacation?
3.VeravisitedtheGreatWalllastSunday.(改为一般疑问句)
______Vera_____theGreatWalllastSunday?
4.Hewasathomethistimeyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
______heathomethistimeyesterday?
5.Thestudentshadfuninthepark.(改为同义句)
Thestudents________________________inthepark.
6.Lucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.(改为否定句)
Lucy_______________________homeworkyesterdayevening.
7.JimwenttothebeachlastSunday.(对画线部分提问)
__________Jim______lastSunday?
8.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(对画线部分提问)
_______________theyplaybasketball?
三.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.TomandMary_______(come)toChinalastmonth.
2.Mydaughter________(notgo)toschoolyesterday.
3.—_____she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?
—No,she___________.
4.There_______(be)threetreesaroundmyhouselastyear.
5.—What_____you______(do)lastweekend?
—I_________(study)mathonSaturday.
Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?
语法:
频率副词的用法。
1.Howoftendoyouexercise?
Howoften,onceawhile偶尔;seldom很少;hardly几乎不;
Once一次,twice两次,三次以上用“基数词+times”:
sixtimes,eighttimes.....
Exercise作名词时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词:
表示“锻炼,运动”时,是不可数名词;表示一系列有规律的运动时作可数名词;表示“练习题”讲时,作可数名词。
Youshouldtakemoreexercise.
Wedomorningexerciseeveryday.
2.Full:
---完整的,满的:
Thisbasketisfull.
---befullof:
“充满...的”:
Thisbasketisfullofapples.
---“吃饱了的”:
Ican’teatanymore.I’mfull.
3.Howcome?
怎么了,为什么?
Howcomehegotthejob?
Howcomeyouarelate?
4.频率副词的用法:
A.常用频率副词:
Always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never....
always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never
---Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.
---Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.
---SheoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.
---SometimestheyplayfootballonSundayafternoon.
---Heisseldomlateforschool.
---SimonisneverathomeonSundays.
B.频率副词的位置:
放在行为动词前,be动词,助动词或情态动词后。
但是sometimes的位置较灵活,可以在句中,句首或句末。
Often在否定句里习惯上放在句末,not....often可与seldom互换。
Sometimesshegivessomepocketmoneytoherson.
Myfathereatsgrapessometimes.
Hisfatherdoesn’tcomebackearlyoften.=Hisfatherseldomcomesbackearly.
5.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.
begoodfor“对...有好处,对...有益处”:
Readingbooksisgoodforyou.
begoodat“擅长,善于”
begoodto“对...好”
begoodwith“...和...相处得好”:
Areyougoodwithkid