八年级上册英语unit12.docx

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八年级上册英语unit12.docx

八年级上册英语unit12

八年级上

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?

语法:

不定代词和一般过去时态

1.goonvacation度假

onholiday/vacationspendaholiday

2.Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?

上个月你做了什么特别的事情吗?

anythingspecial.something,anything,nothing,somebody,anyone等都是不定代词。

当有形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的后面。

使用不定代词时,要注意以下几点:

A.一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句(还用在期望得到肯定回答的疑问句);any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句。

B.不定代词在句中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

C.含no的复合不定代词相当于“not+any的复合不定代词”:

nothing=notanything

3.Anyone“任何人”

用于肯定句中强调“任何人都”:

Nowanyonecangoonlineandbuythings.

用于疑问句,否定句中:

Don’ttellittoanyonehere.

4.longtimenosee.好久不见。

5.anywhereinteresting.“在任何地方”:

Youcangoanywhereyouliketogowiththemoney.

Ican’tfindthenewspaperanywhere.

形容词修饰somewhere,anywhere,nowhere等时,形容词要后置。

6.quiteafew相当多,不少

quite为副词,修饰afew.

afew,few,alittle,little:

修饰可数名词:

afew----表肯定。

few---表否定。

修饰不可数名词:

alittle---表肯定。

little---表否定。

7.mostofthetime大多数时间

Most的单复数概念取决于of后面的名词,谓语动词根据of后面的名词来决定。

Mostofthestudentsinourschoolarefromthecountry.

Mostofthemooncakeisbad.

8.relax动词:

放松;松弛

Thechildrenshouldrelaxatleast.

9.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.

A.Igotveryboredbecauseoftheboringmovie.

Relax--relaxed放松的;lose--lost丢失的;please--pleased高兴的;close--closed关着的;

surprise--surprised惊奇的;excite--excited兴奋的;worry--worried担忧的;interest--interested感兴趣的。

B.Seem连系动词或不及物动词,用法如下:

----主语+seem+(tobe+)表语:

Tomseems(tobe)averycleverboy.

----主语+seem+不定式,seem与不定式一起构成谓语:

Mr.Greendoesn’tseem/seemsnottoliketheidea.

----“Itseems+that从句”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句:

Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.

ItseemstomethatMr.Brownwillnotcomeagain.

----“There+seem(tobe)+名词”.Seem的单复数形式根据后面主语而定。

Theredoesn’tseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.

10.不定代词。

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。

A.常用普通不定代词列表:

some;any

few;little

none;

one;

other

many;much

either;neither

each;every

both;all

B.普通不定代词的用法:

---some;any的用法:

some用于肯定句(希望得到对方的肯定回答时的疑问句也用SOME);any用于否定句和疑问句。

---many与much:

many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词。

两个都可与表示程度的副词so,too,as,how连用。

C.常用复合不定代词列表:

somebody

anybody

nobody

everybody

someone

anyone

noone

everyone

something

anything

nothing

everything

---当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybody,nobody,anyone等时,反意疑问句的主语常用代词they:

Everybodyishere,aren’tthey?

---主句的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,反意疑问句的主语常用it:

Everythingisready,isn’tit?

---当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else要后置:

Xiaoming,hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.

Canyoufindanyoneelse?

---Everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;everyone可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用:

I’dlikeeveryonetobehappy.

I’vekepteveryoneofherletters.

11.decide动词:

决定。

名词:

decision.

decidetodosth.决定做某事。

decidenottodosth.

decide=makeupone’smind

decide接从句:

Hedecidetobuyanewcar.=Hedecidedthathewouldbuyanewcar.

12.try的用法:

动词:

trytodosth.尽力做某事trynottodosth.:

Heistryingtodrawahorse.

trydoingsth.试着做某事。

:

Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.

tryone’sbest尽某人最大努力。

I’lltrymybesttohelphim.

tryon试穿。

Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?

名词:

haveatry.

13.feellike

---感觉像是:

Mylegsfeellikecottonwool.

---想做...:

Idon’tfeellikecooking.Let’seatout.

14.wonder

---接宾语从句:

Iwonderwhereyouaretonight.

---奇迹,奇观:

TheGreatWallisaman-madewonder.

15.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!

Difference名词,different形容词,bedifferentfrom:

Therearemanydifferencesbetweenthetwins.

AmericanEnglishissignificantlydifferentfromBritishEnglish.

16.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.

becauseof“因为...,由于....”;

Because+句子:

Wecouldn’tseeanythingbelowbecausetheweatherwasbad.

Because作连词,用于引导原因状语从句或作why开头问句的答句,后跟句子。

Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.

Becauseof为介词短语,后接名词,名词短语或代词等。

Hestayedinhospitalbecauseofhisillness.

17.enough的用法:

---enough形容词,常与for或不定式连用,修饰复数名词或不可数名词:

Fivemenwillbequiteenough.

Hehasenoughmoneytobuyacar.

---enough与某些具有形容词意味的名词连用时,enough必须后置。

且该名词通常不用冠词修饰。

Iwasfool(=foolish)enoughtoaccepthisoffer.

---enough作副词:

十分地;充分地。

置于被修饰的形容词或副词后,后可接不定式或for,

Hedidn’tpracticeenough.

Sheisn’tgoodenoughfor(=topass)theexam.

习惯用法、搭配

1.buysth.forab./buysb.sth.为某人买某物

2.taste+adj.尝起来……

3.nothing….but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有

4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地

6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事

8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事

10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事

12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事

14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做…….呢?

15.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……

16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事

18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事

 

【强化练习】

练习

一、单选题

()1.---Doyouhave______tosayforyourself?

---No,Ihave______tosay.

A.something;everythingB.nothing;something

C.everything;anythingD.anything;nothing

()2.PaulandI______tennisyesterday.HedidmuchbetterthanI.

A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying

()3.Hewentintohisroomand______towork.

A.beginsB.beganC.CbeginningD.tobegin

()4.Idon’twanttogotothemuseum,it’stoo_______.

A.relaxingB.boringC.boredD.beautiful

()5.Ididn’tgotothemountains______thebadweather.

A.soB.becauseofC.becauseD.but

()6.Doyouenjoy______photos?

A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.takes

()7.Yesterdayafternoon,we______tothepark.

A.wentB.goC.goesD.goed

()8.It’scold,sowedecided______athome.

A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed

()9.Don’tforget______yourhomeworktomorrow.

A.bringB.tobringC.broughtD.bringing

()10.Shedidn’t______meaboutit.

A.toldB.tellC.tellingD.tells

()11.—How________you________yoursummervacation?

—IvisitedXi’an.

A.do,spendB.did,spendC.did,spent

()12.________didyougoonvacation?

A.WhereB.WhatC.Who

()13.There________asmallboy________inthecomer,andIhelpedhimfindhismother.

A.was,cryingB.is,cryC.was,cries

()14.Canyouhelpme________ataxi?

A.lookB.giveC.find

()15.Doyouwant________themusicclub?

A.joinB.joiningC.tojoin

()16.Whatdidtheydecide________then?

A.doB.todoC.doing

()17.Wehadgreatfun________inthewater.

A.playB.playedC.playing

()18.Thatwastooexpensive,________Idecidednottobuy.

A.becauseB.soC.if

()19.Ididn’thave________moneyforataxi,________Ihavetowalkhome.

A.many,becauseB.any,soC.some,so

()20.Where________you________yesterday?

A.do,goB.did,goC.did,wentD.was,go

()21.There________aheavyrainlastnight.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

()22.I________youyesterdayafternoon,butyou________athome.

A.call,aren’tB.amcalling,aren’tC.called,wereD.called,weren’t

()23.Ididn’treallyenjoyit,________theshopsweretoocrowded.

A.soB.becauseC.butD.or

()24.Momoftentellsme________computergamestoomuch.

A.notplayB.nottoplayC.notplayingD.aplay

()25.Wehadgreatfun________thevolleyballmatch.

A.watchB.watchedC.watchesD.watching

二、句型转换

1.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.(改为否定句)

I___________myhomeworkyesterday.

2.ShewenttoNewYorkonvacation.(就划线部分提问)

_______didshe______onvacation?

3.VeravisitedtheGreatWalllastSunday.(改为一般疑问句)

______Vera_____theGreatWalllastSunday?

4.Hewasathomethistimeyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)

______heathomethistimeyesterday?

5.Thestudentshadfuninthepark.(改为同义句)

Thestudents________________________inthepark.

6.Lucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.(改为否定句)

Lucy_______________________homeworkyesterdayevening.

7.JimwenttothebeachlastSunday.(对画线部分提问)

__________Jim______lastSunday?

8.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(对画线部分提问)

_______________theyplaybasketball?

三.用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.TomandMary_______(come)toChinalastmonth.

2.Mydaughter________(notgo)toschoolyesterday.

3.—_____she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?

—No,she___________.

4.There_______(be)threetreesaroundmyhouselastyear.

5.—What_____you______(do)lastweekend?

—I_________(study)mathonSaturday.

 

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?

语法:

频率副词的用法。

1.Howoftendoyouexercise?

Howoften,onceawhile偶尔;seldom很少;hardly几乎不;

Once一次,twice两次,三次以上用“基数词+times”:

sixtimes,eighttimes.....

Exercise作名词时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词:

表示“锻炼,运动”时,是不可数名词;表示一系列有规律的运动时作可数名词;表示“练习题”讲时,作可数名词。

Youshouldtakemoreexercise.

Wedomorningexerciseeveryday.

2.Full:

---完整的,满的:

Thisbasketisfull.

---befullof:

“充满...的”:

Thisbasketisfullofapples.

---“吃饱了的”:

Ican’teatanymore.I’mfull.

3.Howcome?

怎么了,为什么?

Howcomehegotthejob?

Howcomeyouarelate?

4.频率副词的用法:

A.常用频率副词:

Always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never....

always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never

---Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.

---Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.

---SheoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.

---SometimestheyplayfootballonSundayafternoon.

---Heisseldomlateforschool.

---SimonisneverathomeonSundays.

B.频率副词的位置:

放在行为动词前,be动词,助动词或情态动词后。

但是sometimes的位置较灵活,可以在句中,句首或句末。

Often在否定句里习惯上放在句末,not....often可与seldom互换。

Sometimesshegivessomepocketmoneytoherson.

Myfathereatsgrapessometimes.

Hisfatherdoesn’tcomebackearlyoften.=Hisfatherseldomcomesbackearly.

5.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.

begoodfor“对...有好处,对...有益处”:

Readingbooksisgoodforyou.

begoodat“擅长,善于”

begoodto“对...好”

begoodwith“...和...相处得好”:

Areyougoodwithkid

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