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基础知识默写(学生用书293~294页)
1.visan.签证
2.qualificationn.资格;资历
qualifyvt.使有资格
qualifiedadj.有资格的
3.preparationn.准备;预备
preparev.准备
4.recommendvt.推荐;建议
recommendationn.推荐
fortn.舒适;安慰vt.安慰
comfortableadj.舒适的
6.substituten.代替者;代用品vt.用……代替……
substitutionn.替代;替换
7.requirementn.需要;要求
requirev.需要;要求
8.acknowledgevt.承认;确认;答谢
acknowledgementn.承认;致谢
9.occupyvt.占用;占领;占据
occupationn.占领;职业
10.apologyn.道歉;谢罪
apologizev.道歉
11.routinen.常规;日常事务adj.通常的;例行的
12.paralleladj.平行的;相同的;类似的
13.destinationn.目的地
14.abundantadj.丰富的;充裕的
abundancen.丰富;充裕
15.governvt.&vi.统治;支配;管理
governmentn.政府
16.queuen.队列;行列vi.排队
17.draftn.草稿;草案vt.草拟;起草
18.lecturen.&vi.演讲;讲课
academyn.学会;学院
19.essayn.文章;散文
20.numbadj.麻木的;失去知觉的
21.contradictvt.反驳;驳斥
22.enterprisen.事业;事业心
23.seminarn.研讨会
24.academicadj.学校的;学术的
25.optionaladj.可选择的;随意的
optionn.选择;选择权
26.agentn.代理人;经纪人
agencyn.代理
27.bachelorn.获学士学位的人;未婚男子
28.adjustto适应
29.keepitup保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
30.fitin相适应;相融和
31.be/getusedto习惯于
32.takeup占用;开始从事
33.asfarasoneisconcerned就……而言
34.beoccupiedwith忙着做……;忙于某事物
35.dayinanddayout日复一日
36.outofthequestion不可能的;不值得讨论的
37.settlein(迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
38.Itwasthefirsttimeshehadeverlefthermotherland.这是她第一次离开她的祖国。
39.ButIwasalsoverynervousasIdidn’tknowwhattoexpect...
但是我也非常焦虑因为我不知道该期待什么……
40.IhavebeensooccupiedwithworkthatIhaven’thadtimeforsocialactivities.
我一直忙于学习,以至于没有时间参与社交活动。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Englandcontinuestobeoneofthemostpopulartouristdestinations(目的地)intheworld.
2.By7o’clockalongqueue(队列)hadformedoutsidethecinema.
3.Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutine(常规)afterretirement.
4.Taketheroadrunningparallel(平行的)tothemainroadjustafterthevillage.
5.Thisisonlythedraft(草稿)ofmyspeech,butwhatdoyouthinkofit?
6.Pleasecontactouragent(agency)inSpainforfurtherinformation.
7.Anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparation(prepare)forthebuilding’send.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
8.Ifyouwouldliketojoinintheoptional(option)activities,pleasepaythefeeincashtothetourguide.
9.You’llnevergetagoodjobifyoudon’thaveanyqualifications(qualify).
10.Anoccupation(occupy)isagroupofjobswithsimilarresponsibilitiesthatrequireacommonsetofskills.(2018·福建质检)
11.Applicantsmustsatisfytherequirements(require)foradmissiontotheuniversity.
12.Comfortable(comfort)bikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
13.Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-heartedapology(apologize)toexplainyourawkwardness.(2017·天津)
14.Thereisabundant(abundance)evidencethatcarshaveaharmfuleffectontheenvironment.
15.He’sbeeninformedthathedoesn’tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademic(学术的)background.(2017·江苏)
Ⅱ.选词成篇
1.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Isupporttheideathatitishelpfulforyoungpeopletostudyabroad.Butbeforegoingabroad,theymustmakefullpreparations2.dayinanddayout.Inthenewcountrywhenthey3.settlein,theymustlearnto4.fitinwiththenewenvironment.Sometimesitisdifficultforthemto5.getusedtoanothercountry’scustoms.
WhenIstudiedabroad,6.adjustingtothelocallife7.tookupalotofmysparetime.Fortunately,Ididverywelland8.keptitup.Otherwise,itwas9.outofthequestiontostudysmoothly.Afterthisquestionwassettled,I10.wasoccupiedwithmyworkandresearchattentively.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Hearingtheirteacher’svoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.(动名词作状语)
一听到老师的声音,学生们立刻停止了交谈。
2.ThisisthefirsttimethatChinahassuccessfullybidfortheWinterOlympicGames.(Thisisthefirsttime...)
这是中国第一次成功申办(bid)冬奥会。
3.Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingaboutwhattododuringtheholiday.(疑问词+todo)
暑假就要来了,我和同学们正在讨论假期做什么。
4.ThenewlibraryissowellequippedthatmanycitizensinWuhancangotheretoreadandborrowbooks.(so...that...)
新图书馆设备如此完善,以至于许多武汉市民都可以去那里借阅图书。
1.“建议”高频词汇总
(1)recommendvt.推荐;建议
(2)suggestv.建议
(3)advisev.建议;劝说
(4)proposev.建议
(5)advicen.建议
(6)suggestionn.建议
(7)proposaln.建议;提议
(8)recommendationn.推荐;建议
2.“职业”有哪些
(1)occupation职业
(2)profession职业;专业
(3)vocation职业
(4)career职业;生涯
3.“忙于……”短语集锦
(1)beoccupiedwith/indoing忙于……
(2)bebusywith/indoing忙于……
(3)beengagedin从事;忙于
(4)beontherun忙碌;奔波
4.有无the,意不同
(1)outofthequestion不可能→outofquestion毫无疑问
(2)bytheday按日计算→byday在白天
(3)atthetable在桌旁→attable进餐
(4)gotothesea到海边去→gotosea出海;出航
(1)recommendsth.tosb.向某人推荐某物
recommendsb.for/as/tobe...推荐某人为……
recommenddoingsth.建议(劝告)做某事
recommendsb.todosth.劝告某人做某事
recommendthat...(should)do...建议……
(2)recommendationn.推荐;建议;介绍信
(1)Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?
(2)Iwouldneverrecommendusing(use)asunbedonaregularbasis.
(3)Iwillbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation(recommend).
[一句多译]
(4)我建议他买这本书。
①Irecommendhimtobuythisbook.
②Irecommendthathe(should)buythisbook.
[同义句改写]
(5)Whatisrecommendedintheregulationisthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.
→Itisrecommendedintheregulationthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.
substitutev.替换;用……代替……
n.代替物;代替者;代用品
(1)asubstitutefor...……的代替者
(2)substituteAforB=replaceBwith/byA 用A代替B
substitutefor代替;取代
(1)Sheisseekingasubstitutefortheverymanwhosedeparturemadehercry.
(2)[一句多译] 史密斯先生代替了那位生病的老师。
①MrSmithsubstitutedfortheteacherwhowassick.
②MrSmithtooktheplaceoftheteacherwhowassick.
③MrSmithwasinplaceoftheteacherwhowassick.
[根据语境用substitute,replace的正确形式填空]
(3)Thedriverreplacedtheworn-outtireswithnewones.
(4)Nothingcansubstitutefortheadviceyourdoctorisabletogiveyou.
[词义辨析] substitute,replace
※这两个词的含义略有不同,substitute强调“代替,顶替”;而replace强调“替换,更换”,即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用taketheplaceof更通俗些)。
※在句型结构上,通常是:
substituteAforB“用A代替B”(使用A);replaceAwith/byB“用B替换A”(使用B)。
(1)meet/satisfyone’srequirements满足某人的要求
(2)requirev.要求;需要
requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某事
requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事
sth.require(s)doing/tobedone某事需要……
Itisrequiredthat...(should)do...要求……
(1)Studentsmustmeetallofthefollowingrequirements(require).(2016·四川)
(2)Theywererequiredtogive(give)quickresponses.
(3)Hishouserequirestoberepaired/repairing(repair).
(4)Itisrequiredthatallmembers(should)be(be)present.
(5)Thenewtaskrequireshardeffortsofus.
易错点拨
(1)require表示“需要”,接含有被动意义的非谓语动词时,不定式用被动结构,而动名词用主动结构,即requiretobedone或requiredoing。
(2)require后的宾语从句,requirement后的表语从句、同位语从句通常要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用(should)do形式。
(1)acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as...认为某人/物是……;承认某人/物是……
acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做了某事
acknowledgethat...承认……
Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公认的。
(2)acknowledgementn.承认;感谢;收件复函
inacknowledgementof为感谢……
(1)Theyacknowledgedhavingbeendefeated/thattheyhadbeendefeated.
他们承认已被打败。
(2)Iwassentafreecopyinacknowledgementofmycontribution.
我收到一本赠刊,表示对我投稿的谢意。
(3)[同义句改写] It’suniversallyacknowledgedthatheisthebestplayerintheworld.(改为简单句)
→Heisuniversallyacknowledgedtobe/asthebestplayerintheworld.
易错点拨 acknowledge表示“承认做了某事”,其后可接动名词,也可接that从句,但通常不接不定式。
(1)occupyoneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事
(2)occupiedadj.已占用的;无空闲的
keepsb.occupied使某人忙碌
beoccupiedwithsth./(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事
(3)occupationn.工作;职业;占领
(1)Teachinganddoinghouseworkkeepheroccupied(occupy)everyday.
(2)IsupposeIwaslookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichwasgoingtobeanadventure.
(3)[一句多译] 当我进来的时候,学生们正忙着做作业。
①WhenIcamein,thestudentswereoccupiedwith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(occupied)
②WhenIcamein,thestudentswereoccupyingthemselveswith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(occupy)
③WhenIcamein,thestudentswerebusywith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(busy)
keepupwith跟上;不落后
keepback忍住;隐瞒
keepoff不接近;让开
keepup坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keepawayfrom使不接近;使远离
[根据语境用keep短语的正确形式填空]
(1)Theylitafiretokeepoffwildanimals.
(2)Neitherofthemistellingthewholetruth.Invariably,theykeepsomethingback.
(3)Evenwell-establishedcompaniescanscarcelykeepupwithdemand.
(4)Ifyou’reeatingahealthydiet,keepitup.
fitinwith...适应;与……合得来;与……一致
keepfit保持健康
befitfor/todosth.胜任某事/适合做某事
(1)He’sneverdonethistypeofworkbefore;I’mnotsurewhetherhe’llfitinwiththeotherpeople.
他过去从未干过这种工作,很难说他是否会与其他人配合得好。
(2)ItwasthefirsttimeIhadlivedfarawayfrommyhome,soIfounditdifficulttofitin.
(2018·河北衡水中学模拟)
这是我第一次住得离我家很远,所以我觉得很难适应。
(3)Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.
运动有助于你保持健康,接触大自然。
(4)Thefoodwasnotfitforhumanconsumption.
这食物不适宜人吃。
[熟词生义] 选择句子中fitin的汉语意思
(5)I’lltryandfityouinafterlunch.A
A.找到时间(见某人) B.相处融洽 C.适应
易错点拨 fitin中in为副词,其后接宾语时需要加介词with。
beusedtodo...被用来做……
usedtodo...过去常常做……
(1)Humanbeingsareusedtoliving(live)inthedaylight.
(2)Thewoodcanbeusedtomake(make)desksandchairs.
(3)Weusedtowork(过去常常工作)morethantenhoursaday.
[句式升级]
(4)Hewasusedtothelifeinthedesertandherefusedtoleave.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Usedtothelifeinthedesert,herefusedtoleave.
易错点拨 含有usedto(过去常常)的句子的否定式和疑问式有两种形式:
主语+didn’tuseto...或主语+usedn’tto...
Did+主语+usetodo...?
或Used+主语+todo...?
Hedidn’tuse/usedn’ttocome.他过去不常来。
Didthereusetobe/Usedtheretobeahotelonthatcorner?
那个拐角处过去有家宾馆吗?
(1)It/This/Thatis/wasthefirst/second...time(that)...这是某人第几次做……(在该句型中,当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时,从句的谓语动词用现在完成时;当主句为一般过去时时,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时)
(2)Itis(about/high)time(that)+主语+did(过去时)/shoulddo...到了某人做……的时候了。
(3)Itistime(forsb.)todo...到了(某人)做……的时候了。
(4)It/Therewasatimewhen...那是/曾有……的时期。