牛津版八年级英语暑假班L9 Olympic Sports被动语态阅读B篇牛津新世纪.docx

牛津版八年级英语暑假班L9 Olympic Sports被动语态阅读B篇牛津新世纪.docx

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牛津版八年级英语暑假班L9OlympicSports被动语态阅读B篇牛津新世纪

Lesson9OlympicSports

Let’sreadit.

ThefirstmodernOlympicGamestookplaceinAthens,Greece,intheyear1896.Athletesfromonly13countriesparticipatedintheGamesthatyear.Theycompetedin43differenteventsinjust9sports（trackandfield,swimming,cycling,fencing,gymnastics,shooting,tennis,weightlifting,andwrestling）.In2004,thesummerOlympicGamestookplaceonceagaininAthens,Greece.Thistimeathletesfrom202countriescompetedin300eventsin28sports.

OnlyfivesportshavebeenineveryOlympicGames.Theyaretrackandfield,swimming,fencing,cycling,andgymnastics.OthersportscomeandgointheOlympicGames.Forexample,tenniswasanOlympicsportfrom1896to1924.ThenitdisappearedfromtheOlympicsuntil1988.Baseball,badminton,andtaekwondoaremorerecentadditionstotheOlympicGameswithouteliminatingothers.TheIOCisafraidthattherewillbetoomanysportsintheOlympics.

ArtisticeventswerealsoapartoftheOlympicGamesfrom1912to1948.Therewerecontestsinarchitecture,music,literature,andpainting.TodaysomepeoplethinkthatartisticeventsandgamessuchaschessshouldbepartoftheOlympics.However,manypeopleopposethisidea.

TheOlympicGamestodayareverydifferentfromthefirstmodernOlympicGamesin1896.Thesedifferencesreflectthechangingdefinitionandpopularityofsports.（273words）

I.Puttherightwordineachblank.Thesentencesarefromthetext.

eliminating

remove

recent

committee

participate

atleast

tookplace

oppose

contests

events

reflect

1.Baseball,badminton,andtaekwondoaremore__________additionstotheOlympicGames.

2.Athletesfromonly13countries__________intheGamesthatyear.

3.ItisthejoboftheInternationalOlympic__________（ICO）toaddand__________sportsfromtheOlympicGames.

4.ThefirstmodernOlympicGames__________inAthens,Greece,intheyear1896.

5.However,theIOCdoesn’twanttoaddmoresportstotheOlympicGameswithout__________others.

6.Thesedifferences__________thechangingdefinitionandpopularityofsports.

7.ThefirstOlympicathletescompetedin43different__________injust9sports.

8.Asporthastobepopularin__________50countriesonthreecontinentsbeforeitcanbeadded.

9.Therewere__________inarchitecture,music,literature,andpainting.

10.However,manypeople__________thisidea.

II.Puttherightwordineachblank.

atleast

eliminate

participate

removed

committee

event

recently

takeplace

contest

opposed

reflection

1.Whendoesyourfavoriteholiday__________?

2.Iwenttothebeachlastmonth,butIhaven’tgoneanywhere__________.

3.Whatproblemsdoweneedto__________fromtheworld?

4.Doyouknowwhythey__________mynameformthedoor?

5.Howmanypeoplearethereonthe__________?

6.Wehaveaspeech__________inourclasseveryyear.

7.Didyoustudy__________thirtyminutesyesterday?

8.Doyou__________inanysportsrightnow?

9.Tenstudentswantedtohaveaclasstrip,buteightstudents__________theidea.Theydidn’twanttotakeatrip.

10.Theirweddingwasabig__________foreveryoneinthefamily.

11.Icanseeyour__________inthewindow.

III.Choosethebestanswer.

1.ThefirstmodernOlympicGamestookplace______.

A）before1986B）in1896C）recentlyD）50yearsago

2.Thereare______sportsintheOlympicstodaythaninthepast.

A）thesamenumberofB）moreC）fewerD）moredifficult

3.Baseball______anOlympicsport.

A）wasneverB）isnotnowC）wasalwaysD）isnow

4._____wanttoaddgamessuchaschesstotheOlympics.

A）IOCmembersB）MostathletesC）SomepeopleD）Artists

5.AsportthatwaseliminatedfromtheOlympicsandlaterincludedagain.

A）tennisB）taekwondoC）chessD）music

6.Inthepast,theOlympicsincludedcontestsin______.

A）paintingB）architectureC）musicD）A,B,andC

7.ItisthejoboftheInternationalOlympicCommitteeto______sports.

A）playB）planC）eliminateD）watch

8.Moreathletes______theOlympicsnowthaninthepast.

A）participateinB）opposeC）trainforD）AandC

Notforjazz

Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!

Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.（95words）

Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语

jazzn.爵士乐（兴起于20世纪20年代，该年代被称作JazzAge）

musicaladj.音乐的improvisationn.即兴发挥

instrumentn.乐器（=musicalinstrument）

clavichordn.古钢琴（chord指乐器上的弦，如乐器名称中含chord，可判断此为弦乐器）

belong属于damagev.损坏keyn.琴键

stringn.（乐器的）弦allowv.允许，让touchv.触摸

动词的被动语态

英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才有被动语态。

它的基本结构为：

be动词+及物动词的过去分词。

所有的时态变化在be动词上。

以动词sing为例。

时态∕语态

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

Jaysingsmanysongseveryyear.

ManysongsaresungbyJayeveryyear.

一般过去时

Jaysangmanysongslastyear.

ManysongsweresungbyJaylastyear.

一般将来时

Jaywillsing/isgoingtosingmanysongsthisyear.

Manysongswillbesung/aregoingtobesungbyJaythisyear.

现在进行时

JayissinginganEnglishsong.

AnEnglishsongisbeingsungby Jay.

过去进行时

Jaywassingingasongjustnow.

AsongwasbeingsungbyJayjustnow.

现在完成时

Jayhassunglotsofsongsinthepastfewyears.

Lotsofsongshavebeensungby Jayinthepastfewyears.

过去完成时

Jayhadsungplentyofsongsbylastyear.

PlentyofsongshadbeensungbyJaylastyear.

过去将来时

Jaysaidhewouldsingmoresongsinthefuture.

Jaysaidmoresongswouldbesunginthefuture.

情态动词

Jaycansingmanysongs.

ManysongscanbesungbyJay.

注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况：

一．被动语态中不定式要还原

Let/make/see/hear/watchsb.dosth.-----sb.belet/made/seen/heard/watchedtodosth.

Mymothermademelookafterthelittlesisteryesterday.

----Iwasmadetolookafterthelittlesisterbymymotheryesterday.

二．有些动词没有被动语态。

（及物动词才有被动语态）

1） 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

appear,die，disappear,end（vi.结束）,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand 

breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace. 

2） 系动词无被动语态：

appear,be，become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn

3）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：

fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch，agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto

4） 系动词无被动语态：

appear,be，become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn

5）当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。

Iwanttogonow.

三．主动表示被动的几种情况

1）有些不及物动词形式上为主动，但是表示被动含义。

这本书销路很好。

Thisbooksellswell.

这本小说读起来很有趣。

Thisnovelreadswell.

肉很容易切。

Meatcutseasily.

此类词还有lock,shut,open,move,write,sell,wash,clean,catch,draw

2）有些进行时，形式上主动，但含被动之意。

Thebookisprinting.=Thebookisbeingprinted.

Thehouseisbuilding.=Thehouseisbeingbuilt.

3）介词短语作表语，主动表示被动。

Thequestionisnowunderdiscussion.

Thefirewasfinallyundercontrol.

Alltheseoldbuildingsareunderrepairs.

I.Choosethebestanswer.（选择最恰当的答案）

1.Over$30,000______forachildren’hospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.★

A）israisedB）wasraisedC）willberaisedD）hasbeenraised

2.I'msurethatstricterrulestocontrolcigarettesmoking______verysoon.★

A）madeB）willmakeC）weremadeD）willbemade

3.Manyhouses______inthebigfireafewdaysago.Whatashame!

★

A）weredamagedB）damageC）weredamagingD）damaged

4.ThatbuildingispartofShanghai’shistory.It______manyyearsago.★

A）builtB）buildsC）isbuiltD）wasbuilt

5.Manyoldhousesaroundourschool______nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.★

A）pulldownB）willbepulleddownC）willpulldownD）arepulleddown

6.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor________.★★

A）waslockedB）islockedC）willbelockedD）shouldbelocked

7.HalfoftheBeijing’sprivatecars_______offtheroadsduetoheavysmogonFriday.★★

A）orderB）areorderedC）orderedD）wereordered

8.Thegirls_______howtodanceamonthagoandnowtheycandancewell

.★★

A）weretaughtB）willbetaughtC）aretaughtD）havebeentaught

9.Tomandhissister_______tothebarbecuelastSaturday.Theywereveryhappy.★★

A）haveinvitedB）wereinvitedC）wereinvitingD）invited

10.--Doyoubelievetherearealiens?

★★

--I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliens_____inspace.

A）canfindB）canbefoundC）canbefoundedD）can’tbefound

11.Fewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilit________twiceorthreetimes.★★

A）explainsB）isexplainedC）willbeexplainedD）hasexplained

12.—Peoplesaythesubway________buildinginHarbininafewyears.★★

—Sounds___________.Ihaveneverseenitbefore.

A）willfinish;interestingB）isfinished;interested

C）willbefinished;interestingD）wouldbefinished;interesting

13.—Iwanttoknowwhen_______haveafieldtrip.★★

—We’llhaveitwhenallthework_______.

A）youare;willfinishB）youwill;finishes

C）youwill;isfinishedD）youwill;isfinish

14.Oh,thisisreallyabigshop.Doyouknowwhenit________?

★★

A）builtB）wasbuilt C）hasbuiltD）hasbeenbuilt

15.—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?

Theyareallreadytostart.★★

—I’msorry,butI________whentomeet.

A）don’ttellB）didn’ttell C）haven’ttoldD）w