建筑类英语常用词汇大全.docx
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建筑类英语常用词汇大全
建筑专业常用英语词汇
A
designbasis
设计依据
计划建议书planningproposals
设计任务书designorder
标准规范standardsandcodes
、
条件图informationdrawing
设计基础资料basicdatafordesign
工艺流程图processflowchart
工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata
原始资料originaldata
设计进度scheduleofdesign
B
…
stageofdesign
设计阶段
方案scheme,draft
草图sketch
会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion
谈判negotiation
可行性研究feasibilitystudy
[
初步设计preliminarydesign
基础设计basicdesign
详细设计detaildesign
询价图enquirydrawing
施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing
竣工图asbuiltdrawing
C
#
climatecondition
气象条件
日照sunshine
风玫瑰windrose
主导风向prevailingwinddirection
最大(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity
风荷载windload
%
最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall
雷击及闪电thunderandlightning
飓风hurricane
台风typhoon
旋风cyclone
降雨强度rainfallintensity
年降雨量annualrainfall
湿球温度wetbulbtemperature
#
干球温度drybulbtemperature
冰冻期frostperiod
冰冻线frostline
冰冻区frostzone
室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature
采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision
不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision
绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure
!
相对湿度relativehumidity
D
generalroomname
常用房间名称
办公室office
服务用房serviceroom
`
换班室shiftroom
休息室restroom(breakroom)
起居室livingroom
浴室bathroom
淋浴间shower
更衣室lockerroom
厕所lavatory
门厅lobby
|
诊室clinic
工作间workshop
电气开关室switchroom
走廊corridor
档案室archive
电梯机房liftmotorroom
车库garage
清洁间cleaningroom
;
会议室(正式)conferenceroom
会议室meetingroom
衣柜间wardrobe
暖风间h.v.a.croom
饭店restaurant
餐厅canteen,diningroom
厨房kitchen
入口entrance
;
接待处receptionarea
会计室accountantroom
秘书室secretaryroom
电气室electricalroom
控制室controlroom
工长室foremanoffice
开关柜室switchgear
前室antecabinet(ante.)
"
生产区productionarea
马达控制中心mcc
多功能用房utilityroom
化验室laboratoryroom
经理室managerroom
披屋(阁楼)penthouse
警卫室guardhouse
#
E
roofingandceiling
屋面及天棚
女儿墙parapet
雨蓬canopy
屋脊roofridge
坡度slope
—
坡跨比pitch
分水线water-shed
二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic
附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt
檐口eave
挑檐overhangingeave
檐沟eavegutter
平屋面flatroof
,
坡屋面pitchedroof
雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(r.w.p)
汇水面积catchmentarea
泛水flashing
内排水interiordrainage
外排水exteriordrainage
滴水drip
屋面排水roofdrainage
?
找平层levelingcourse
卷材屋面built-uproofing
天棚ceiling
檩条purlin
屋面板roofingboard
天花板ceilingboard
防水层water-proofcourse
检查孔inspectionhole
|
人孔manhole
吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling
檐板(窗帘盒)cornice
F
wall(cladding)
墙体
、
(外墙板)砖墙brickwall
砌块墙blockwall
清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering
抹灰墙renderedwall
石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard
空心砖墙hollowbrickwall
承重墙bearingwall
非承重墙non-bearingwall
%
纵墙longitudinalwall
横墙transversewall
外墙external(exterior)wall
内墙internal(interior)wall
填充墙fillerwall
防火墙firewall
窗间墙wallbetweenwindow
空心墙cavitywall
]
压顶coping
圈梁gird,girt,girth
玻璃隔断glazedwall
防潮层damp-proofcourse(d.p.c)
遮阳板sunshade
阳台balcony
伸缩缝expansionjoint
沉降缝settlementjoint
"
抗震缝seismicjoint
复合夹心板sandwichboard
压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate
外墙板claddingpanel
复合板compositepanel
轻质隔断light-weightpartition
牛腿bracket
砖烟囱brickchimney
#
勒脚(基座)plinth
G
floorandtrench
地面及地沟
地坪grade
地面和楼面groundandfloor
"
素土夯实rammedearth
炉渣夯实tampedcinder
填土filledearth
回填土夯实tampedbackfill
垫层beddingcourse,blinding
面层covering,finish
结合层bonding(binding)course
找平层levelingcourse
|
素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcourse
混凝土地面concretefloor
水泥地面cementfloor
机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor
水磨石地面terrazzoflooring
马赛克地面mosaicflooring
瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring
油地毡地面linoleumflooring
%
预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring
硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring
搁栅joist
硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring
企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring
防酸地面acid-resistantfloor
钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(r.cslab)
乙烯基地面vinylflooring
/
水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo
地面做2%坡floorwith2%slope
集水沟gully
集水口gulley
排水沟drainagetrench
沟盖板trenchcover
活动盖板removablecoverplate
集水坑sumppit
?
孔翻边holeupstand
电缆沟cabletrench
H
doors,glass,windows&ironmongery(hardware)
门、玻璃、窗及五金件
木(钢)门wooden(steel)door
>
镶板门panelleddoor
夹板门plywooddoor
铝合金门aluminumalloydoor
卷帘门rollershutterdoor
弹簧门swingdoor
推拉门slidingdoor
平开门side-hungdoor
折叠门foldingdoor
·
旋转门revolvingdoor
玻璃门glazeddoor
密闭门air-tightdoor
保温门thermalinsulatingdoor
镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor
防火门firedoor
(大门上的)小门wicket
门框doorframe
)
门扇doorleaf
门洞dooropening
结构开洞structuralopening
单扇门singledoor
双扇门doubledoor
疏散门emergencydoor
纱门screendoor
门槛doorsill
【
门过梁doorlintel
上冒头toprail
下冒头bottomrail
门边木stile
门樘侧料sidejumb
槽口notch
木窗woodenwindow
钢窗steelwindow
!
铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow
百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)
塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow
空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow
固定窗fixedwindow
平开窗side-hungwindow
推拉窗slidingwindow
气窗transom
@
上悬窗top-hungwindow
中悬窗center-pivotedwindow
下悬窗hopperwindow
活动百叶窗adjustablelouver
天窗skylight
老虎窗dormerwindow
密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing
钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel
'
钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel
窗扇casementsash
窗台windowsill
窗台板windowboard
窗中梃mullion
窗横木mutin
窗边木stile
压缝条covermould
>
窗帘盒curtainbox
合页(铰链)hinge(butts)
转轴pivot
长脚铰链parliamenthinge
闭门器doorcloser
地弹簧floorcloser
插销bolt
门锁doorlock
/
拉手pull
链条chain
门钩doorhanger
碰球balllatch
窗钩windowcatch
暗插销insertbolt
电动开关器electricopener
平板玻璃plateglass
^
夹丝玻璃wireglass
透明玻璃clearglass
毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)
防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass
石英玻璃quartzglass
吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass
磨光玻璃polishedglass
着色玻璃pigmentedglass
|
玻璃瓦glasstile
玻璃砖glassblock
有机玻璃organicglass
I
staircase,landing&lift(elevator)
楼梯、休息平台及电梯
:
楼梯stair
楼梯间staircase
疏散梯emergencystair
旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)
吊车梯craneladder
直爬梯verticalladder
踏步step
扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)
.
踏步板tread
档步板riser
踏步宽度treadwidth
防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)
栏杆railing(balustrade)
平台栏杆platformrailing
吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmountinghole
扶手handrail
)
梯段高度heightofflight
防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)
平台landing(platform)
操作平台operatingplatform
装卸平台platformforloading&unloading
楼梯平台stairlanding
客梯passengerlift
货梯goodslift
(
客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift
液压电梯hydrauliclift
自动扶梯escalator
观光电梯observationelevator
电梯机房liftmortarroom
电梯坑liftpit
电梯井道liftshaft
>
J
buildingmaterialwordsandphrases
建筑材料词汇及短语
bricksandtiles砖和瓦
红砖redbrick
粘土砖claybrick
瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)
~
防火砖firebrick
空心砖hollowbrick
面砖facingbrick
地板砖flooringtile
缸砖clinkerybrick
马赛克mosaic
陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete
琉璃瓦glazedtile
'
脊瓦ridgetile
石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)
波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheet
lime,sandandstone灰、砂和石
石膏gypsum
大理石marble
汉白玉whitemarble
—
花岗岩granite
碎石crushedstone
毛石rubble
蛭石vermiculite
珍珠岩pearlite
水磨石terrazzo
卵石cobble
砾石gravel
]
粗砂coursesand
中砂mediumsand
细砂finesand
cement,mortarandconcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土
波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)portlandcement
硅酸盐水泥silicatecement
火山灰水泥pozzolanacement
^
白水泥whitecement
水泥砂浆cementmortar
石灰砂浆limemortar
水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆)cement-limemortar
保温砂浆thermalmortar
防水砂浆water-proofmortar
耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar
耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistantmortar
>
沥青砂浆bituminousmortar
纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar
麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar
灰缝mortarjoint
素混凝土plainconcrete
钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete
轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete
细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete
~
沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete
泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete
炉渣混凝土cinderconcrete
facingandplasteringmaterials饰面及粉刷材料
水刷石graniticplaster
斩假石artificialstone
刷浆limewash
!
可赛银casein
大白浆whitewash
麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase
喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash
分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned
板条抹灰lathandplaster
asphalt(bitumen)andasbestos沥青和石棉
·
沥青卷材asphaltfelt
沥青填料asphaltfiller
沥青胶泥asphaltgrout
冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer
沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic
沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum
石棉板asbestossheet
石棉纤维asbestosfiber
(
timber木材
裂缝crack
透裂split
环裂shake
干缩shrinkage
翘曲warping
原木log
{
圆木roundtimber
方木squaretimber
板材plank
木条batten
板条lath
木板board
红松redpine
白松whitepine
%
落叶松deciduouspine
云杉spruce
柏木cypress
白杨whitepoplar
桦木birch
冷杉fir
栎木oak
榴木willow
)
榆木elm
杉木cedar
柚木teak
樟木camphorwood
防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber
胶合板plywood
三(五)合板3(5)-plywood
企口板tonguedandgroovedboard
:
层夹板laminatedplank
胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber
纤维板fiber-board
竹子bamboo
metallicmaterials金属材料
黑色金属ferrousmetal
圆钢steelbbar
!
方钢squaresteel
扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel
型钢steelsection(shape)
槽钢channel
角钢anglesteel
等边角钢equal-legangle
不等边角钢unequal-legangle
工字钢i-beam
^
宽翼缘工字钢wideflangei-beam
丁(之)字钢t-bar(z-bar)
冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape
热轧hot-rolled
冷轧cold-rolled
冷拉cold-drawn
冷压cold-pressed
合金钢alloysteel
$
钛合金titaniumalloy
不锈钢stainlesssteel
竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar
变形钢筋deformedbar
光圆钢筋plainroundbar
钢板steelplate
薄钢板thinsteelplate
低碳钢lowcarbonsteel
!
冷弯coldbending
钢管steelpipe(tube)
无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe
焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe
黑铁管ironpipe
镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe
铸铁castiron
生铁pigiron
、
熟铁wroughtiron
镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet
镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire
钢丝网steelwiremesh
多孔金属网expandedmetal
锰钢managanesesteel
高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteel
》
non-ferrousmetal有色金属
金gold
白金platinum
铜copper
黄铜brass
青铜bronze
银silver
铝aluminum
¥
铅lead
anti-corrosionmaterials防腐蚀材料
聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene
尼龙nylon
聚氯乙烯pvc(polyvinylchloride)
聚