高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 207.docx

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 207.docx

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高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day207

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day207

Passage1

　Depressionisaseriousconditionthataffectsaround16millionU.S.adults.Theconditionismorecommoninwoman,butnewresearchsuggeststhatolderwomanwhonaturallygotobedearlyandwakeupearlymaybelesslikelytodeveloptheconditionastheyage.Forthestudy,publishedonlinenowinJournalofPsychiatricResearch,theteamlookedattherateofdepressionandsleeppatternsof33,470femaleswhohadtakenpartintheNurses'HealthStudyII.Thewomanhadanaverageageof55,anddescribedthemselvesaseitherearly,intermediateorlatesleepersandrisers.Theyalsoupdatedtheirdepressionstatususingaquestionnairefrom2011to2013.

　　Resultsrevealedthatwomanwhowenttobedearlyandroseearlyhadslightlylowerriskofdepression,comparedtotheotherwoman.Inaddition,thosewhowenttobedlateandwokeuplatehadastatisticallyincreasedriskofdepression.

　　Accordingtotheresearchers,thissuggeststhatnaturalsleepingpatternmayinfluencetheriskofdepressioninmiddletoolderagedwoman.However,onemajorwarningofthestudyisthattheresearcherswereunabletoaccountfortherolethattheenvironmentandgensplayedintheseresults.Latebed-timesandrisingsarenottheonlysleeppatternsthathavebeenassociatedwithincreasedriskofdepression.

　　TheNationalSleepFoundationreportedthatpeoplewithinsomnia（失眠）are10timesmorelikelytodevelopdepressionthanindividualswhosleepwell.Thosewhosedepressionincludestroublefallingasleepandtroublestayingasleepareatthegreatestriskfordevelopingdepression.Thelinkbetweensleepanddepressionhasbeenlongnotedbyscientists.Forexample,TheNationalSleepFoundationwrotethatlackofsleepanddifficultysleepingisacommonsideeffectofdepression.However,exactlywherethisrelationshiptiesisdifficulttoprove.

　　Forexample,theFoundationwritesthatbothsleepproblemsanddepressionmaysharesimilarriskfactors,whichcouldexplainwhytheyareoftenseenhand-in-hand.Betterunderstandingofhowsleeppatternsmayhaveaneffectondepressionriskcouldhelpdoctorsdevelopmoreeffectivepreventionplans.

1.What'sthenewresearchabout?

________

A.Woman'ssleep-relateddiseases.

B.Thereasonsforwomen'slackofsleep.

C.Theinfluenceofwomen'ssleeplessnessondepression.

D.Therelationshipbetweenwomen'ssleepinghabitsanddiseases.

2.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby________.

A.Latebedtimemakesdepressionmorelikely.

B.Depressionisaseriouscaseallovertheworld.

C.Thedifficultiesoffallingasleephavemanyreasons.

D.AreporthasbeenconductedbyNationalSleepFoundation.

Passage2

　　PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions-andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.

　　RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly（均匀的）acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.

　　"WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect（忽略）themouth."

　　AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.

　　Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:

happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.

　　ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless."

　　Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.

1.ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners________.

A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouth

B.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliable

C.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentways

D.havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph6referto?

________

A.theresearchersofthestudy.

B.theparticipantsinthestudy.

C.theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.

D.thedatacollectedfromthestudy.

3.IncomparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto________.

A.dotranslationmoresuccessfully

B.examinetheeyesmoreattentively

C.studythemouthmorefrequently

D.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

________

A.theEyeastheWindowtotheSoul

B.effectivemethodstodevelopsocialskills

C.culturaldifferencesinreadingemotions

D.howtoincreasecross-culturalunderstanding

Passage3

　　Bullying（欺凌）atschoolisaproblemaroundtheworld.Mostschoolshavetriedtoreducebullyingbymakingmorerules.Andmanyschoolsevenhavemadetheirteacherssupervise（监管）theirstudents'behaviormorestrictly.ButoneschoolinAuckland,NewZealandhasdonesomethingdifferent.Insteadofmakingmorerulesfortheplayground,theyreducedthenumberofrules.Whathappened?

There'slessbullyingandotherinjuries.

　　AtSwansonPrimarySchool,duringplaytime,studentscanplayinthemud,climbtrees,rideskateboards,anddomanysuchthingsthataren'tallowedatotherschools.Iftheypromisethattheydonothurtothersanddonotmaketroublefortheirclassmates,theycandojustaboutanythingtheywant.

　　"Theymayaccidentallyhurtthemselves,butthat'sOK,"theteacherBruceMcLachlansays."Wewantkidstobesafeandwelookafterthem,butweendupwrapping（包裹）themincottonwoolwheninfacttheyshouldbeabletofallover."Becausestudentsareabletodoalmostanythingtheywant,theyarehappier.Andhappierstudentsarelessinterestedinmakingtrouble.Thatmakesparentsandteachershappy.

　　Playtimefreedomalsohelpsthestudentslearnthedangersofrudebehavior.Thiswillhelpdevelopthepartoftheirbrainthatmeasuresrisks.Thiscanbehelpfulwhentheyareolder.Forexample,ifakiddoessomethingrudeonaskateboardandgetshurt,heorshewillbelesslikelytorepeattherudeactivity.Andifkidslearnnottoberudeonaskateboard,theyarelesslikelytobehurtlaterinlifewhenthey'redrivingcars.Safetyisimportant,butasSwansonPrimarySchoolhasshown,morerulesdon'talwaysmeanmoresafety.

1.Whathappenedwhenaschoolreducedthenumberofplaygroundrules?

________

A.Lessstudentswerebulliedorinjured.

B.Teacherstookonmoreresponsibility.

C.Studentswereoutofcontrolcompletely.

D.Moreparentsworriedaboutschoolbully.

2.WhatruleshouldstudentsobeyiftheycandosomethingfreelyatSwansonPrimarySchool?

________

A.Theydonothurtanyoneelse.

B.They'rebeingstrictlysupervised

C.Theystudycarefullyintheclassroom.

D.Theydonotmaketroublefortheirteachers.

3.WhatdoesBruceMcLachlanmeanbysaying"weendupwrappingthemincottonwool"?

________

A.Studentsgethurteasily.

B.Studentsareoverprotected.

C.Studentscan'twearwhattheylike.

D.Studentsaregiventoomuchfreedom.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,playtimefreedomhelpsstudents________.

A.avoiddrivingcars

B.makesafedecisions.

C.learnhowtoobeyrules

D.becomemoreconfident

Passage4

　　Eachyear,theNationalCouncilofTeachersofEnglish（NCTE）presentsseveralawardstorecognizewonderfulbookswrittenforallagelevels.Earlierthismonthatabookawardsluncheon（午宴）heldduringtheir107thAnnualConvention,theyannouncedthewinnerofthe2018CharlotteHuckAwardforOutstandingFictionforChildren.

　　DanSantatwasnamedthewinnerofthe2018CharlotteHuckAwardforhisnovelAFTERTHEFALL,theinspiringepilogue（后记）tothebelovedclassicnurseryrhymeHumptyDumpty.TheCharlotteHuckAwardwasestablishedin2014topromoteandrecognizefictionthathasthepowertohaveapositiveeffectonchildren'slives.TheawardhonorsDr.CharlotteHuck,aprofessoratOhioStateUniversitywhodevotedhercareertopromotingtheroleofchildren'sbooksinyoungpeople'sacademic,social,andemotionaldevelopment.Eachyear,thecommitteeselectsawinnerandrecommendstitlessuitableforchildren.

　　"CharlotteHuckwasasupporterforchildren'sbooksasteachingtools,"saysErikaDawes,chairmanoftheCharlotteHuckAwardcommittee."Booksliketheseawardwinners,booksthatpromoteimagination,wonderandsympathy,fillabadneedinourclassrooms."

　　JasonChinwasnamedwinnerofthe2018OrbisPictusAwardforhisbookGRANDCANYON,anilluminating（启蒙的）lookatoneoftheplanet'smostfascinatingfeatures.TheOrbisPictusAward,establishedin1989,istheoldestchildren'sbookawardfornonfiction.