15 学位英语阅读理解分析3.docx

15 学位英语阅读理解分析3.docx

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15学位英语阅读理解分析3

学位英语真题

TracyMcGradyisareal-lifesuperstar.HespentthesummertravelinginEurope,workingwithAdidasonhislatestbasketballshoeandplayingwithTeamU.S.A.inanOlympicqualifyinggame.Healsospentcountlesshoursinthegym."Iworkonthingseverydayintheoff-season,'saysMcGrady,24,anAll-StarguardwiththeNationalBasketballAssociation'sOrlandoMagic.

UntilMcGradywas17,fewoutsidehistinyhometownknewofhisskills.Hewasraisedmostlybyhisgrandmotherinaroughpartoftown.Sportswerehisescapes.Togainmoreexposureforhisbasketballskills,McGradytransferredtoplayhisseniorseasonatMountZionChristianAcademyinNorthCarolina.AfterleadingtheMightyWarriorstoa26-2recordthatseason,McGradywasnamedPlayeroftheYearbyanationalnewspaper.

At18,McGradywasstarringforTorontobytheendofhisnewplayers'season.ButhewantedtobecomeoneoftheNBA'selite（精英）,sohehiredatrainerandbeganintenseworkouts.It'snotuncommonforMcGrady,whosignedwithOrlandoin2002,toshoot200jumpersafterpractice,grabahealthybitetoeatandgotoworkoutwiththeLosAngelesLakers'ShaquilleO'Neal,whoownsahomeinOrlando.

"He'sstayedatahighlevel,"OrlandocoachDocRiverssaysofMcGrady."Alotofyoungplayerscanplayagood20minutes,orhaveagreatmonth.Tracydoesitallseasononbothends."Tobethatgoodtakesalotofwork.Tobebettertakesevenmore.McGradyisreadyforthechallenge,becauseheknowswhathewants."Idon'twanttobeoneofthoseplayersthat'sknownforbeingagreatplayerthatneverwonachampionship,"McGradysays,“Iwantatitle.”

16.WhichofthefollowingteamshasMcGradyNOTsofarplayedfor?

lA]TeamU.S.A.lB]LosAngelesLakers.

lC]TheMightyWarriors.[D]OrlandoMagic.

17.Thesentence"Iworkonthingseverydayintheoff-season"impliesthat

[A]McGradypracticesotherthingsmoreoftenthanhedoeswithbasketball

[B]McGradykeepsonhisskillstrainingparticularlyhardintheoff-seasondays

[C]McGradykeepsontrainingwithotherexercisesthanwithbasketball

[DMcGradypracticeshisskillseverydayincludingtheoff-seasontime

18.McGradyisdifferentfromotherplayersmainlyin

[A]hisparticularshootingskillsinplayingbasketball

lB]histryingtosaveeveryminutetoworkoutwithO'Neal

[C]hispersistenceinconstanthardtraining

[D]hisstrongerdesireforatitlethanotherplayers

19.McGradywashonoredPlayeroftheYearbyanationalnewspaperbecause

[Alhehasstayedatahighleveloftraining

[B]hehascreatedarecordamongthebestplayersthatseason

[C]hewaswellreadyforthecomingchallenge

[DheisregardedasanAll-StarguardwiththeNBA

20.Thesentence"Sportswerehisescapes"（Line2,Paragraph2）canbestmeanthat

[A]sportingactivitieswerethemeansforhimtogetfullesthappinessby

lB]physicalexercisesweretheonlywaytorelievehimofhispains

[C]hedidn'twanttodomorethingsthansportiveactivities

[D]sportsenabledhimtorunawayfromhishometown

LastDecember'searthquakesintheIraniancityofBamtookahugedeathtoil-roughly40,000people-----largelybecauseofthecollapseofthousandsofmud-brickbuildings.IfagroupofresearchersinIndiaaresuccessful,.thenextearthquakemightnotbeasdestructive.BritishandIndianengineersaredevelopingearthquake-proofhousingusingacheap,universalmaterial：

bamboo.

Theydesignedamodelhousebuiltaroundwaterproofbamboo-sheetroofingandbamboo-reinforcedconcretewalls.Totestthestructure,theengineers,sponsoredbytheU.K.DepartmentofInterenationalDevelopment,tookittotheEarthquakeEngineeringandVibrationResearchCentreinBangalore,whichhasastate-of-the-artearthquakesimulator（模拟装置）.The-researchersshookthehousewithfivesuccessive30-secondpulses,beingequalto7.8ontheRichter（里氏）scale.Thesimulationwasmorethan10timeasviolentastheBarnearthquake,yetthehouseemergedundamaged."Wedidn'tevencrackthepaint,"saysengineerPaulFollett,ofBritain'sTimberResearchandDevelopmentAssociation.

Bysomeestimates,morethanabillionpeoplealreadyliveinbamboostructures.Theinnovationliesindevelopingwaystoexploitbamboo'sspring.Easilypre-built,fireresitant,andfarlighterthansteel,bamboo-basedstructurescouldbeassembledinthreeweeksandlast50years.Atfivedollarsasquarefoot,theywould'lastroughlyhalfasmuchasbrick-and-blockconstructions.Follettsaystheprojectwillfollowan"opensource"model:

"Whateverisdevelopedisfreelyavailableforthecommongood."

21.ThousandsofpeoplediedintheBarnearthquakemainlybecause

IA]theearthquakeoccurredinthecoldDecember

[BImanymud-brickhousescollapsed

IC]theearthquaketeached7.8ontheRichterscale

[Dbamboohouseshadn'tbeenbuiltyet

22.Thephrase"auniversalmaterial'（Line5,Paragraph1）referstoamaterialthatcanbefound

IAIeverywhereinIndia[BIintheuniverse

ICIinauniversityID]inauniqueplace

23.Whatwastheresultofthetest?

IATheshakelasted150seconds.

[BThesimulationwasover10timesasviolent.

ICThepaintwascracked.

[DThemodelremainedundamaged.

24.Theresearchershavebeenworkinghardto

[Alreducethedamagebyearthquakes

lB]explorethefunctionsofbamboo

ICIbuildbamboohousesforabillionpeople

ID]designbamboohousemodels

25.Whichofthefollowingaretheadvantagesofbamboosinbuildinghouses?

1.Cheaptoget.2.Lighttocarry.3.Easytobuild.

[Al1.and2.[BI2.and3.ICI1.2and3.D]1.and3.

Astheyenteredthe21stcentury,peoplecouldnothelplookingbacktothepast20yearswhentheymanagedtocopewithanewthreat-------thecomputer.Bytheyearof1980,computershadbecomeafactoflife.Theywere,themagazineDISCOVERnotedthatdecember,"incars,offices,schoolsandhomes,toysandwatches.Xnsomeairplanes,pilotsneednothandlethecontrols;theyare'flightmanagers'whowatchthecomputermanagetheflightandlanding.Onthewayarevoice-driventypewriters,robotsthatcan'see',andhand-heldcomputersthatcancoverthecontentsoftheLibraryofCongress."

Butatthesametime,observedthewriterJohnLeo,alargenumberofAmericanswerecomputerphobes（电脑恐惧者）andtechno-peassants,whofearedthatcomputerswere"designedtodestroyprivacy,eliminatejobs,carrytheTVgenerationevenfurtherawayfromliteracy,readfewwordsonfoodboxessothatthegrocercancheathiscustomersmoreeasily,andallowWorldWarIIItobelanchedentirelybytechnicalerror.'

Someexecutivesespeciallyhatedcomputers,Leoreported.Theyworriedthattheywouldlosestatus-andtheirassistants-iftheywereseenatakeyboard.Publishersandjournalists,hecontinued,werefrightenedthattheprintedwordwouldbeeliminated."True,thenewspapertravelswell-youcannotputacomputerunderyourannwhilerushingforatrain,'hewrote."Notnow,butamoreadvancedandcomplicatedportableversion,aboutthesizeofahandheldelectronicgame,maynotbefaroff.'

Todaythosesameexecutivesandjournalistswhofearedcomputerswouldn'tbefoundwithouthavingtheirportablecomputersontheirlaps.Thewidespreadfearofcomputersseemsathingofthepast-ashiftthatLeocorrectlypredicted."Everyonewillacceptcomputers,'hewrote,“becausethereisnoalternative.”

26.ThemagazinelistedtheusesofcomputersinthefollowingfieldsEXCEPT

IAIeducation[BItransportationICIpublicationID]medicine

27.Someexecutivesdidnotlikecomputersinthat

[A]theymightlosetheirimportanceandrespect

[B]theyhadtolearnhowtousecomputers

[C]theyhadtohiremoreassistants

[D]theyhadtobuyexpensiveportablecomputers

28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatthecomputerphobesareexpecting?

IA]Moreprivacy.[BIMorejobs.ICIMoreliteracy.ID]Moreworldwars.

29.Todaythesameexecutivesandjournalistscanbefoundto

IA]dislikecomputerslB]fearusingcomputers

[C]usecomputersfrequently[D]usecomputersrarely

30.“thereisnoalternative”inthelastsentenceofthepassage,hemeansthat

[A]computersprovidenochoice

[B]computersaretobeaccepted

[C]computersoffernohelptopilots

ID]morecomplicatedcomputershavetobemadeinfactories

Ascontrastsgo,therearefewotherpairsofcultureasdistinctfromeachotherastheJapaneseandtheAmericans.Japan'smanycenturiesofhistoryandespeciallyitsBuddhistheritage（佛教文化）havegiventheJapaneseanattitudeofrepose（从容）-------thebestcourseistoletisbe:

Whenthetimeisripe,thingswillworkontbythemselves.America,ontheotherhand,isjustafewcenturiesoldanddisplaysanalmostvolcanticlivelinessandrestlessness.FortheJapanese,socialharmonyhasapriorclaimineverycirumstance;Fortheamerieans,harmonyistheresultoftherationalinteractionoffreeandfair-mindedpeople.OnedoesnotlightlymovefromtraditionsinJapan,manyofwhicharecenturiesold;IntheUnitedStates,thehabitsandattitudesofevenone'sparent'sgenerationaresuspect.

Everyculture,throughitslegalandinstitutionalarrangements,mirrorsthesociety'sresolutionofsomebasichumanproblems.Thesecanprovideausefulframeworkfortheanalysisofculturaldifferences.Organizationsalsofacethegameproblemsandusuallytaketheircuefromtheprevailingcultureindesigningsolutionstotheseproblems.Thissuggeststhattheperspectiveprovidedbyviewingculturethroughtheframeworkofthisproblemwillbeusefulfororganizationalanalysisaswell.Thefollowingsectionspresentadiscussionofsuchaframe-workinthecontextofthecontrastbetweenJapanandtheUnitedSt