M3U2--Grammar终稿1.ppt

M3U2--Grammar终稿1.ppt

《M3U2--Grammar终稿1.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《M3U2--Grammar终稿1.ppt（45页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句（NounClausesNounClauses）。

）。

名词从句的功能相当于名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

I.名词从句的种类名词从句的种类Thattheearthisroundisafact.MrsBlackwontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导不引导表语从句表语从句）who/whom/whose/which/whatNounClausesintroducedbyquestionwords:

Wecanusethefollowingquestionwordstointroducenounclauses:

what,which,who/whom,whose,when,where,whyandhow.Weuseaquestionwordtointroduceanounclausewhentheclauseisawh-question.Theclausecanfunctionasthesubject,objectorpredicativeofthesentence.Attention:

1.Wechangethewordorderinaclauseafteraquestionwordintothatofastatement.2.Wecannotleaveoutthequestionwordsinnounclausesinanycases.II.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingsentences.a.subjectb.objectc.predicatived.appositive1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.3.SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland.4.Thathewillcomeiscertain.5.Theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.6.Whyhediditwasntquiteclear.dcbbaa1.1.同位语从句的格式：

同位语从句的格式：

2.2.能接同位语从句的名词有：

能接同位语从句的名词有：

3.3.连接词通常是连接词通常是thatthat,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用名词名词.+.+连接词连接词+从句从句WhetherWhether,what,when,where,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。

等来引导同位语从句。

fact、idea,news,order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等等1.Ihavenoidea_hecomesfrom.2.Hecantanswerthequestion_hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions_weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt_hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt_hewillwin.wherehowthatthatwhetherEmptysubjectit1.WecanuseitasanemptysubjectA.whenweuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence.（correct）ThatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandOldEnglishtodayiscertain.b.（correct）WhetherEnglishwillcontinuechanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.c.（correct）Whenweusecertainwordsdependsonthestyleofwriting.a.（preferable）ItiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandOldEnglishtoday.=（preferable）ItiseasytoanswerwhetherEnglishwillcontinuechanginginthefuture.=（preferable）Itdependsonthestyleofwritingwhenweusecertainwords.=It作形式主语的句型作形式主语的句型:

1.It+be+adj.（true,certain,possible,obvious,likely）that2.It+be+nounphrase（nowonder,anhonour,apity,）that3.It+be+pastparticiple（said,reported,expected,announced）that4.It+seems/appears/happensthat.5.ItdoesntmatterthatC.Whenthesubjectisav-ingform（correct）Itisdifficulttostopsmoking.Weusuallyusetheemptysubjectitwithaclauseorto-infinitive（preferable）,butwiththev-ingformweprefertherealsubjectatthebeginning.Tip（preferable）Smokingisdifficulttostop.=B.Whenthesubjectisato-infinitive:

（correct）Tomasteraforeignlanguageishard.（preferable）Itishardtomasteraforeignlanguage.=2.Itcanalsobeusedbeforeseem,appear,happen,chance,turnoutandproveastheemptysubjectofasentence.:

a.Heseemstospeaktwolanguages.b.Mynewneighbourhappenstocomefrommyhometown.Itseemsthathespeakstwolanguages.=Ithappensthatmynewneighbourcomesfrommyhometown.=3.Wecanemphasizethesubject,object,oradverbialinasentencebyusingit+be+theword/phraseyouemphasize+aclauseintroducedbythatorwho.a.Itwaslastnight（notanyothertime）thatIreadaboutthehistoryofEnglish.Ifwedonotemphasizeanything,thesentencecanbe:

IreadaboutthehistoryofEnglishlastnight.二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用（11）thatthat和和whatwhat的选用的选用thatthat和和whatwhat都可引导所有的名词从句。

都可引导所有的名词从句。

但是，但是，whatwhat除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性词性从句中充当成分从句中充当成分，可做从句的，可做从句的主主语、宾语、或表语语、宾语、或表语。

而。

而thatthat在名词性从在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起句中不充当任何成分，只起连接连接作用作用。

a.a.主语从句主语从句b.b.表语从句表语从句c.c.同位语从句同位语从句e.e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.whethertodof.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用iftoiftodo.do.gwhetherornotgwhetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时不用不用if.if.不能使用if的情况：

1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idontknow_togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether“doubt（怀疑）（怀疑）”后接并与从句时后接并与从句时whether,if,that的用法：

的用法：

1.主句为肯定句时，主句为肯定句时，whether和和if都可以。

都可以。

Idoubtwhether/ifitisrightorwrong.2.主句为否定句或疑问句时，只可用主句为否定句或疑问句时，只可用that。

Doyoudoubtthathewillcomesoon?

Idonotdoubtthathewillcomesoon.Ihavenodoubtthathewillcomesoon.3.主句为肯定句用主句为肯定句用that时，其意为时，其意为“认为未必认为未必可能可能”。

例如：

Idoubt