新课标高三英语上册寒假作业4.docx
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新课标高三英语上册寒假作业4
新课标2018年高三英语寒假作业4
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sixteenyearsago,Eileenboyle’shusband,anengineer,tookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupoftea,packedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardfromagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.
Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsand,withoutsomuchasanoteoragood-bye,closethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyear,morethan1,200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome---thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.
Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.
ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive(冲动).“It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties.Runningaway,likekillingyourself,isahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty.”
28.Whenherhusbandlefthome,EileenDoyle______________.
A.couldnotforgivehimfortakingthechildren
B.hadbeenexpectingittohappenforsometime
C.couldnotunderstandwhy
D.blamedherselfforwhathadhappened
29.Mostpeoplewholeavetheirfamiliesbehindthem______________.
A.dosowithoutwarningB.dosobecauseoftheirdebts
C.comebackimmediatelyD.changetheirnames
30.Somepeoplewouldevenpreferthedeathtotherunningawayoftheirspousebecause______________.
A.theirspousewouldfeelnopainduringthedeath
B.theirspousedeathwouldnotbeabitterrible
C.adesertionwouldnotbringafeelingofrejectionorfailure
D.theirspouse’sdeathwouldmakethemfeellesspainful
31.Usuallythemanorwomanleftbehindwithanunfinishedmarriage______________.
A.admitsresponsibilityforthesituationB.wishesthepersonwhohasleftweredead
C.willcomebackwithinayearD.willhavenolegalmarriagelifeforsevenyears
B
Thenameofthecourse
Courseinfirstaid
(2)—applyfirstaid
Theaimofthecourse
Todeveloppeople’sabilityandconfidenceinprovidingemergencyfirstaid.
Therequirementforage
Beatleastfourteenyearsold.
Thecontentsofthecourse
Applyfirstaidmanagementskillstoburns.
Describetherecognitionandmanagementofbleedingandwounds.
Applyfirstaidmanagementskillstoboneinjuries.
Manageemergencysituations.
Applyfirstaidmanagementskillstobites,stingsandpoisoning.
Managesevereillnesses.
Describetherecognitionandmanagementoffacialinjury.
Describethestructureandthefunctionofthehumanbody.
Applyfirstaidmanagementskillstochest,handandheadinjuries.
Therequirementsforsuccessfulcoursecompletion
Attendallpartsofthecourse.
Activelytakepartingroupactivitiesanddiscussionsinthetrainingprogram.Successfullycompleteeitherawrittentest;demonstrate(演示)practicaluseofskillsoranswerquestionsonebyonebytheendofthecourse.
Courselength
1.5to2hoursonlinequiz.
About7hours’face-to-facelecture.
Places
Inourtrainingrooms.
Onthespot.
Classsize
Mini:
10people.
21.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthecourse?
A.Onemustgetrequiredmarksforthecourse.
B.Onemustpassawrittentestandanonlinequiz.
C.Onemusthavegivenfirstaidbefore.]
D.One’sperformanceintheclasswillbeveryimportant.
22.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Peopledon’tneedtolearnallthecontentsofthecourse.
B.Fewpeoplewillbeinterestedinthecourse.
C.Thecourseisashort-termtrainingprogram.
D.Studentscanchoosetheirlessonsastheylike.
23.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?
A.Childrenandparents.B.Teenagersandadults.
C.Teenagersonly.D.Adultsonly.
C
Feelingblueabouttheworld?
“Cheerup.”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”
Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidence;optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.
Here'showheexplainshisviews.
1)Shoppingfuelsinvention
ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.
2)Brilliantadvances
Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800,acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880s,thesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.
3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange
Mitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossilfuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.
68.WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?
A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.
C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.
69.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?
A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.
C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.
70.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat________.
A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles
B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife
C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles
D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods
71.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?
A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.
B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.
C.People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.
D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.
D
London’snewestskyscraper(摩天大楼)iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430millionpoundstobuild.Ataheightofalmost310metres,itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShardhascompletelychangedtheappearanceofLondon.However,noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.
TheShardwasdesignedbythefamousItalianarchitectRenzoPiano.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon,Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlookedlikeaspire(尖顶).Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthecity.Thesidesofthebuildingaren’tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin,sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename:
theShard.PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthetallmasts(桅杆)oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.
TheShardhas87floors.Atthetop,thereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingisempty,buteventuallytherewillbeafivestarhotel.Therewillalsobetopqualityrestaurants,apartmentsandoffices.
Beforebuildingworkbegan,alotofpeopledidn’twanttheShardthoughtheplanswereapproved.NowtheyarestillunhappyabouttheShard.SomecriticssaythatsuchatallskyscrapermightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork,butnotinLondon.TheysaythatthebestthingabouttheShardisitsspireshape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration,onlyflatsurfaces.TheEgyptiansdidthat4,500yearsago.TheyalsothinktheShardistoobigforLondon.Itdestroysthebeautyofthecity.
Othercriticsdon’tlikewhattheShardseemstorepresent.TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorestinLondon.SotheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrichandthepoor.
TheShardnowdominatestheLondonskyline.Itisnotcertain,however,thatordinaryLondoncitizenswilleveracceptitasavaluableadditiontothecity.
32.London’snewests