中考英语阅读理解专题训练01.docx

中考英语阅读理解专题训练01.docx

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中考英语阅读理解专题训练01

2012中考英语：

2012年2月阅读理解专题训练【01】【通用教师版】

专题训练（三）

A

AlongtheriverbanksofAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly,flieslikeafatchicken,eatsgreenleaves,hasthestomachofacowandhasclaw（爪）onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver,animportantfeature（特征）forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.

Inappearance,thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall,withalargesetoffeathersonthetop,brightredeyes,andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds,cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeature,though,isonlyfoundintheyoung.

Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak（喙）,theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclaws.

DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.

（）1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Hoatzinsindryandrainyseason.

B.Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins

C.PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.

D.Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins

（）2.Younghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat______.

A.theylooklikeyoungcuckoos

B.theyhaveclawsonthewings

C.theyeatalotlikeacow

D.theyliveonriverbanks

（）3.Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?

A.Theyhadclawstohelpthemclimb.

B.Theycouldflylongdistances

C.Theyhadfourwingslikehoatzins

D.Theyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop

（）4.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?

A.Tofindmorefood.

B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter

C.Tokeepthemselveswarm

D.Toproducetheiryoung.

B

The2012LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded–acommunicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.

AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSun,scientistshavedetectedthesignsofafleshcycleofsunspotsthatcouldpeakin2012,justintimeforthearrivaloftheOlympictorchinLondon.

NowscientistsbelievethatthispeakcouldresultinvastsolarexplosionsthatcouldthrowbillionsoftonsofchargedmattertowardstheEarth,causingstrongsolarstormsthatcouldjamthetelecommunicationssatellitesandinteractlinkssendingfiveOlympicbroadcastfromLondon.

“TheSun’sactivityhasastronginfluenceontheEarth.TheOlympiccouldbeinthemiddleofthenextsolarmaximumwhichcouldaffectthefunctionsofcommunicationssatellites,”saidProfessorRichardHarrison,headofspacephysicsattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryinOxfordshire.

Atthepeakofthecycle,violentoutburstscalledcoronalmassejections（日冕物质抛射）occurintheSun’satmosphere,throwingoutgreatquantitiesofelectrically-chargedmatter.”Acoronalmassejectioncancarryabilliontonsofsolarmaterialintospaceatoveramillionkilometersperhour.Sucheventscanexposeastronautstoadeadlyamount,candisablesatellites,causepowerfailuresonEarthanddisturbcommunications,”ProfessorHarrisonadded.Theriskisgreatestduringasolarmaximumwhenthereisthegreatestnumberofsunspots.

NextweekinAmerica,NASAisscheduledtolaunchasatelliteformonitoringsolaractivitycalledtheSolarDynamicsObservatory（SDO）,whichwilltakeimagesoftheSunthat10timeclearerthanthemostadvancedtelevisionsavailable.

TheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryhelpedtomakethehigh–techcamerasthatwillcaptureimagesofthesolarflares（太阳耀斑）andexplosionsastheyoccur.

ProfessorHarrisonHoldaway,thelab’sdirectorsaidthattheSDOshouldbeabletoprovideearlywarningofasolarflareorexplosionbigenoughtoaffectsatellitecommunicationsonEarth“Ifwehaveadvancewarning,we’llbeabletoreducethedamage.Whatyoudon’twantisthingsswitchingoffforaweekwithnoideaofwhat’scausedtheproblem,”hesaid.

（）1.Thephrase”communicationsblackout”inparagraph1mostprobablyrefersto_____duringthe2012Olympics.

A.theextinguishingoftheOlympictorch

B.thecollapseofbroadcastingsystems

C.thetransportationbreakdowninLondon

D.thedestructionofweathersatellites

（）2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesolaractivitydescribedinthepassage？

A.ThemostfatalmatterfromthecoronafallsontoEarth.

B.Thesolarstormpeakoccursinthemiddleofeachcycle.

C.IttakesseveralsecondsforthechargedmattertoreachEarth.

D.Thenumberofsunspotsdeclinesaftercoronalmassejections.

（）3.Accordingtothepassage,NASAwilllaunchasatelliteto_____.

A.takeimagesofthesolarsystem

B.provideearlywarningofthunderstorms

C.keeptrackofsolaractivities

D.improvethecommunicationsonEarth

（）4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SolarStorm:

AnInvisibleKiller

B.SolarStorm:

EarthEnvironmentinDanger

C.SolarStorm:

ThreateningtheHumanRace

D.SolarStorm:

HumanActivitiestoBeTroubled

C

Inthekitchenofmymother’shousestherehasalwaysbeenawoodenstand（木架）withasmallnotepad（记事本）andaholeforapencil.

I’mlookingforpaperonwhichtonotedownthenameofabookIamrecommendingtomymother.Overfortyyearssincemyearliestmemoriesofthekitchenpadandpencil,fivehouseslater,thecurrentpaperandpencillookthesameastheyalwaysdid.Surelyitcan’tbethesamepencil?

Thepadismoremodern,butthewoodenstandisdefinitelytheoriginalone.

“I’mjustamazedyoustillhavethesamestandforholdingthepadandpencilafteralltheseyears.”Isaytoher,workingbackintotheliving–roomwithasheetofpaperandthepencil.“Youstilluseapencil.Can’tyouaffordapen?

”

Mymotherrepliesalittlesharply.”Itworksperfectlywell.I’vealwayskeptthestandinthekitchen.IneverknewwhenImightwanttonotedownanidea,andIwasalwaysinthekitchenintheseday.”

ImmediatelyIcanpictureher,hairwild,bluehousecoatcoveredinflour,awoodenspooninonehand,thepencilintheother,hermouthmovingsilently.Mymothersmilesandsays,”OnedayIwascookingandwatchingbabyPauline,andIhadabrilliantthought,butthestandwasempty.Oneofthechildrenmusthavetakenthepaper.SoIjustpickedupthebreadboardandwroteitalldownontheback.ItturnedouttobearealbreakthroughforsolvingthemathematicalproblemIwasworkingon.”

Thisstory–whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn-remindsmehowextraordinarymymotherwas,andisalsoagiftedmathematician.IfeelembarrassedthatIcomplainaboutnothavingenoughchild-freetimetowork.Later,whenmymotherisinthebathroom,Igointoherkitchenandturnoverthebreadboards.Sureenough,onthebackofthesmallestone,aresomepenciledmarksIrecognizeasmathematics.Thosesymbolshavetraveledunaffectedthroughfiftyyears,rootedinthesoilofacheapwoodenbreadboard,invisible（看不到的）exhibitsateverymeal.

（）1.Whyhastheauthor’smotheralwayskeptthenotepadandpencilinthekitchen?

A.Toleavemessages.

B.Tolisthereverydaytasks.

C.Tonotedownmathsproblems

D.Towritedownaflashofinspiration

（）2.Whatistheauthor’soriginalopinionaboutthewoodenstand?

A.Ithasgreatvalueforthefamily.

B.Itneedstobereplacedbyabetterone.

C.Itbringsherbacktoherlonelychildhood.

D.Itshouldbepassedontothenextgeneration.

（）3.Theauthorfeelsembarrassedfor____.

A.blaminghermotherwrongly

B.givinghermotheralotoftrouble

C.notmakinggooduseoftimeashermotherdid

D.notmakinganybreakthroughinherfield

（）4.Whatcanbeinferredfromhelastparagraph?

A.Themotherissuccessfulinhercareer

B.Thefamilymemberslikestraveling.

C.Theauthorhadlittletimetoplaywhenyoung

D.Themarksonthebreadboardhavedisappeared

（）5.Intheauthor’smind,hermotheris____.

A.strangeinbehavior.

B.keenonherresearch.

C.fondofcollectingoldthings.

D.carelessaboutherappearance

D

Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover-consumptioninthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.

Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.

Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.

Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butisalsoappliestoawiderangeof