哈佛大学公开课幸福学(积极心理学)PPT01.ppt

哈佛大学公开课幸福学(积极心理学)PPT01.ppt

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Psychology1504PositivePsychologyHousekeepingFeedbackorquestionsIncaseofanemergencywelltakeaPP-breakPowerpointsandvideotapeonwebsiteActivenote-takingOverlapwith1508?

TheRoadtoPositivePsychologyHumanisticPsychology（50s）TheThirdForceReactiontobehaviorismReactiontopsychoanalysisLackedrigorousmethodologyAbrahamMaslow（1908-1970）KarenHorney（1885-1952）MeettheGrandparentsMeettheParentsMartinSeligmanEllenLangerPhilipStoneMeet1504ItisnotmerelyaboutinformationItisalsoabouttransformationCoveringless;uncoveringmore“Inpursuitofknowledge,everydaysomethingisacquired;inpursuitofwisdom,everydaysomethingisdropped.”LaoTzu“Thesoulgrowsbysubtraction,notaddition.”ThoreauInformationisnotenough“Whatiswrongisnotthegreatdiscoveriesofscienceinformationisalwaysbetterthanignorance,nomatterwhatinformationorwhatignorance.Whatiswrongisthebeliefbehindtheinformation,thebeliefthatinformationwillchangetheworld.Itwont.”ArchibaldMaCleishInformationisnotenough“Humanisticphilosophyoffersanewconceptionoflearning,ofteaching,andofeducation.Statedsimply,suchaconceptholdsthatthefunctionofeducation,thegoalofeducationthehumangoal,thehumanisticgoal,thegoalsofarashumanbeingsareconcernedisultimatelytheself-actualizationofaperson,thebecomingfullyhuman,thedevelopmentofthefullestheightthatthehumanspeciescanstanduptoorthattheparticularindividualcancometo.Inalesstechnicalway,itishelpingthepersontobecomethebestthatheisabletobecome.”AbrahamMaslowItisnotaboutprovidingdefinitiveanswersconcerningthegoodlifeItisaboutidentifyingtherightquestions“Childrenenterschoolasquestionmarksandleaveasperiods.”NeilPostmanEducationisthequestforinformationandtransformation,andthereforemustbeginwithaquestion.“Theonerealobjectofeducationistoleaveamanintheconditionofcontinuallyaskingquestions.”BishopCreightonTheQuestionofQuestionsHowcanwehelpourselvesandothersindividuals,communities,andsocietybecomehappier?

ItisnotasurveyofpositivepsychologyItisaselectiveexplorationofthequestionofquestions.CrossculturalpsychologyEclecticStudyingothersandourselvesItisnotEnglish10aorMath55Itisaboutrigorousfun“Iwouldnotgiveafigforthesimplicityonthissideofcomplexity,butIwouldgivemylifeforthesimplicityontheothersideofcomplexity.”OliverWendellHolmesAdifferentkindofeffortChangeishardRigorousfun?

FinalProject20-30minutePresentationAnytopicwithinpositivepsychologyWrittentext（10-15pagesdoublespaced）Slides（wordorpowerpoints）Include:

ReferencetoresearchOptional:

stories,filmclips,exercises,etcWhyapresentation?

TeachingaslearningSpreadgoodnessWhyPositivePsychology?

Anger:

5,584Anxiety:

41,416Depression:

54,040PsychologicalAbstracts（1967-2000）Joy:

415Happiness:

1,710Lifesatisfaction:

2,582Ratio:

21/1FocusingontheNegative“Thescienceofpsychologyhasbeenfarmoresuccessfulonthenegativethanonthepositiveside;ithasrevealedtousmuchaboutmansshortcomings,hisillnesses,hissins,butlittleabouthispotentialities,hisvirtues,hisachievableaspirations,orhispsychologicalheight.Itisasifpsychologyhadvoluntarilyrestricteditselftoonlyhalfitsrightfuljurisdiction,andthatthedarker,meanerhalf.”AbrahamMaslowAccentuatingthePositive“TheaimofPositivePsychologyistocatalyzeachangeinpsychologyfromapreoccupationonlywithrepairingtheworstthingsinlifetoalsobuildingthebestqualitiesinlife.”MartinSeligmanPsychologyNeedsHelp21/1ratioisunhealthybutitreflectsrealitydepression10timeshighertodaythan1960meanagefordepressiontodayis14.5（comparedto29.5in1960）DoesPsychologyNeedHelp?

21/1ratioofstudiesisunhealthybutitreflectsrealitydepression10timeshighertodaythan1960meanagefordepressiontodayis14.5（comparedto29.5in1960）80%ofHarvardstudentsdepressedatleastoncelastyear45%ofcollegestudentsnationwidedepressed;94%overwhelmed（Kadison,2005）WhyMore“Positive”Research?

PsychologyascreativeratherthanmerelyreactiveHappinessisnotthenegationofunhappinessPreventionthroughcultivatingthepositive“Negative”ResearchNegativeExperiencesUnhappinessSpiral“Positive”ResearchPositiveExperiencesHappinessSpiralHeisenbergUncertaintyPrinciple“Humansystemsgrowinthedirectionofwhattheypersistentlyaskquestionsabout.”CooperriderandWhitneyHappinessisnttheNegationofUnhappinessDiseaseModelHealthModelFocusonweaknessesFocusonstrengthsOvercomingdeficienciesBuildingcompetenciesAvoidingpainSeekingpleasureRunningfromunhappinessPursuinghappinessNeutralstate（0）asceilingNoceilingTensionlessasidealCreativetensionasideal-_0_+neurosis,anger,anxiety,wellbeing,satisfaction,joydepression,psychosisexcitement,happinessPreventionthroughculti