大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四.docx

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四.docx

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）

十六

　　Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofobergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

　　First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseaedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

　　Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthedeseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducewhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

　　1.Pruningshouldbedoneto______.

　　a.makethetreegrowtaller

　　b.improvetheshapeofthetree

　　c.getridofthesmallbranches

　　d.makethesmallbranchesthicker

　　2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener______.

　　a.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle

　　b.doesnotprotectthemfromwind

　　c.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly

　　d.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches

　　3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?

　　a.Tomakeawoundsmooth

　　b.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound

　　c.Tocoveraroughsurface

　　d.Tohelpawoundtodry

　　4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree______.

　　a.atintervalsthroughouttheyear

　　b.asquicklyaspossible

　　c.occasionallywhennecessary

　　d.regulareverywinter

　　5.Whatwastheauthor'spurposewhenwritingthispassage?

　　a.Togivepraticalinstructionforpruningatree.

　　b.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning

　　c.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases

　　d.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

　　答案：

babca

十七

　　OnThursdayafternoonMrs.Carke,dressedforgoingout,tookherhandbagwithhermoneyandherkeyinit,pulledthedoorbehindhertolockitandwenttotheover60sClub.ShealwayswentthereonThursdays.Itwasaniceoutingforanoldwomanwholivedalone.

　　Atsixo'clockshecanehome,letherselfinandatoncesmeltcigarettesmoke.Cigarettesmokeinherhouse?

How?

How?

Hadsomeonegotin?

Shecheckedthebackdoorandthewindows.Allwerelockedorfastened,asusual.Therewasnosignofforcedentry.

　　Overacupofteashewonderedwhethersomeonemighthaveakeythatfittedherfrontdoor-"amasterkey"perhaps.SoshestayedathomethefollowingThursday.Nothinghappened.Wasanyonewatchinghermovements?

OntheThursdayafterthatshewentoutatherusualtime,dressedasusual,butshedidn'tgototheclub.Insteadshetookashortcuthomeagain,lettingherselfinthroughhergardenandthebackdoor.Shesettleddowntowait.

　　Itwasjustafterfouro'clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.Mrs.Clarkewasmakingacupofteaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,andthensheheardherletter-boxbeingpushedopen.Withthekettleofboilingwaterinherhand,shemovedquietlytowardsthefrontdoor.Alongpieceofwireappearedthroughtheletter-box,andthenahand.Thewireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknobonthedoor-lock.Mrs.Clarkeraisedthekettleandpouredthewateroverthehand.Therewasashoutoutside,andtheskinseemedtodropoffthefingerslikeaglove.Thewirefelltothefloor,thehandwaspulledback,andMrs.Clarkeheardthesoundofrunningfeet.

　　1.Mrs.ClarkeloodedforwardtoThursdaybecause_______.

　　a.sheworkedataclubontheday

　　b.shesaidvisitorsonThursdays

　　c.shevisitedaclubonThursday

　　d.aspecialvisitorcameonThursday

　　2.Ifsomeonehadmadeaforcedentery,_______.

　　a.Mrs.Clarkewouldhavefoundabrokendoororwindow

　　b.heorshewasstillinthehouse

　　c.thingswouldhavebeenthownabout

　　d.heorshewouldhaveneededamasterkey

　　3.OnthethirdThursdayMrs.Clarkewentout_______.

　　a.becauseshedidn'twanttomisstheclubagain

　　b.toseeifthethiefwashngingaboutoutside

　　c.totheclubbutthenchangedhermind

　　d.inanattempttotrickthethief

　　4.Thelockonthefrontdoorwasonewhich_______.

　　a.neededapieceofwiretoopenit

　　b.couldheopenedfrominsidewithoutakey

　　c.could'tbeopenedwithoutakey

　　d.usedaknobinsteadofakey

　　5.Thewirefeeltothefloor_______.

　　a.becauseMrs.Clarkerefusedtoopenthedoor

　　b.whentheman'sglovedroppedoff

　　c.becauseitwastoohottohold

　　d.becausethemanjustwantedtogetaway

　　答案：

cadbd

十八

　　Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindnenss.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".

　　TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Rather,aman'seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofoucsoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchoftsomethingtolookat.Findingnothing,hourafterhour,theeyesneversotpsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobsured,andtheresultistotal,eventhoughtemporary,snowblindness.

　　ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape,Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthesnow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,themencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome.

　　1.Topreventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,darkglassesare_____.

　　a.indispensible

　　b.useful

　　c.ineffective

　　d.available

　　2.Whentheeyesaresoretearsareproducedto________.

　　a.clearthevision

　　b.remedysnowblindness

　　c.easetheirritation

　　d.loosenthemuscles

　　3.Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby_______.

　　a.concentratingtothesolidwhiteterrain

　　b.searchingforsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrain

　　c.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofoucson

　　d.coveringtheeyeballswithfluid

　　4.Thescoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto_______.

　　a.bivethemenbehindsomethingtosee

　　b.beautifythelandscape

　　c.warmthemselvesinthecold

　　d.preventthemenbehindfromlosingtheirway

　　5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.

　　a.snowblindnessandhowtoovercomeit

　　b.natrue'scureforsnowblindness

　　c.soldiersinthesnow

　　d.snowvision

　　答案：

CCCAA

十九

　　Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomenoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantialytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals,Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

　　Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,orefflunets,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

　　Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Efflunetsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeonomicusesforwasteproducts.

　　1.Thepurposeofthispassageis______.

　　a.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

　　b.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

　　c.toacquaintthereaderwithw