完形填空1.docx
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完形填空1
历年高考完形填空解题技巧1(4课时)
博思特教育英语教师:
柯贤和
预热练习1:
IbecameagardenerwhenIwastwelve.Myearly__36___ofgardeningmaynothaveoriginatefrommylovefornature.Itwasto_37__myparents.
Atthattime,wehadabigyardinwhichabeautifulmapletreestood.Butmymotheroftenlookedwith__38___atthisworkofnaturalart.Thosegoldenleavesseemedliketonsofrubbishher,“somethingelseto__39__!
”Seeingtheneighborsbusywithgardening,myfathereverthoughtitawasteoftime.
Atthatage,Ialwaysdidsomething__40___towhatevermyparentsdid!
Ifgardeningweresomethingtheyfound__41__,Iwouldplantagarden!
Iplantedsomelily(百合花)seedsintheyard.Buttheyfailedto_42___.Icontinuedtoplantsunflowerseedsandroses,Wild__43__joy,Ifoundthefirstrosebloom(开花)。
Onebyone,theflowersbloomedtheirheadsoff.__44___,Iwastouchedbythislandofwonder.
___45__,myparentsshowednointerestinmygarden.Myfathereven__46___atmebecausefounditwas__47__tomovearoundmygardentothedriveway.Tomymother’s__48__,Iputhervasemyrealroseswhich,inhereyes,weresimplyweeds__49__flowers.
Regardlessoftheir__50__,Ikeptonplantingmygardenand_51__toenjoythepleasuregardening.Plantsmakesuchgoodcompanions:
theybreathe,theybloom,they___52__tocareandlove.
IthasbeenmanyyearssinceImademyfirstgardenoutofmydesireto__53___myparent.TodayIbecomeknownasMrs.Greenthumbs,teachinggardeningandhostingagardeningshowwhichmakesmyparentsfeelvery__54_.AndnowIcouldsayitismyaffectionfor___55__theymakesmearealgardener.
36.A.memoryB.dreamC.intentionD.design
37.A.pleaseB.changeC.helpD.annoy
38.A.doubtB.appreciationC.surpriseD.excitement
39.A.collectupB.careaboutC.cleanupD.comein
40.A.equalB.similarC.superiorD.opposite
41.A.painfulB.valuableC.upsettingD.interesting
42.A.comeupB.breakoutC.holdonD.getthrough
43.A.toB.withC.inD.by
44.A.LuckilyB.CheerfullyC.RegularlyD.Eventually
45.A.insteadB.HoweverC.ThereforeDBesides
46.A.shoutedB.laughedC.glancedD.jumped
47.A.convenientB.troublesomeC.enjoyableD.Dangerous
48.A.sadnessB.displeasureC.delightD.Relief
49.A.otherthanB.morethanC.ratherthanD.lessthan
50.A.dislikeB.encouragementC.threatD.Suggestion
51.A.DecidedB.stoppedC.continuedD.struggled
52.A.devoteB.turnC.respondD.lead
53.A.defeatB.satisfyC.respectD.Challenge
54.A.proudB.comfortableC.strangeD.disappointed
55.A.freedomB.lifeC.growthD.nature
解高考英语完形填空题的14种技巧
1.跳读首尾句进行预测
一般来讲,高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。
先跳读这两句,便可判断体裁,猜想它要讲什么。
若首句交代了when,where,who,what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很可能就是一个故事,为了测试语篇的理解能力,出题者特别注意选材的趣味性,其结尾往往出人意料,耐人寻味;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点,那么就是议论文。
首句往往开宗明义,是文章的主题。
细读首句可启示全文。
而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。
所以,它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口,对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
因此,要充分利用段首句提供的信息,去挖掘文章的思路,寻找文章的脉络与线索。
EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist(打击乐器独奏演员)inspiteofherdisability.
本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EvelynGlennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。
根据首句给出的信息,下面我们可以猜想EvelynGlennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难,而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器,EvelynGlennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。
Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas 36 andwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”
A.bright B.useless C.simple D.hopeful
Ourfatherwasastrugglinglawyer,butIalwaysknewhewas 37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.
37. A.strict B.honest C.special D.learned
38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praise
Practice:
HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.
43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked
44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker
2.利用语法分析解题
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。
对于这类题,考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。
如:
__51__doyousupposeheaskedforthem?
51.A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Which
【解析】本题中,doyousuppose为插入成分。
heaskedforthem是一个相对独立和完整的句子,因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What,Who或Which。
__8__Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury,Iwouldhavehadnojob.
8.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Since
【解析】根据后面的Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury可知这只是个假设,是一个虚拟语气的条件句。
故前面要用if引导。
3.利用固定搭配解题
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查,主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。
习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态,即所谓的“习语”,不能随意改动。
所以,考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。
对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。
要做好这类题,需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。
如:
Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever__12__baths.
12.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered
【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配takeabath,意为“洗澡”。
Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwasuselessandwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe__2__butafailure.”
2.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing
【解析】本题考查习语anythingbut,意为“决不”“根本不”,即校长认为我肯定是一个失败的人。
4.利用固定句型解题
如:
Ihaven’thadaphoneinthehouseforthreeweeksnow,andit’sseveraldays__19__Iusedaphonebox.
19.A.asB.whenC.ifD.since
【解析】本题考查的是it’s…since…句型,意为“自从……已(多长时间了)”。
这句话的意思是“自从我上次打投币电话已经有好几天了”。
Itwasn’tlong__18__thepolicecaughtthethief.
18.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.until
【解析】Itwasn’tlongbefore…是常用句型,意为“不久就……”。
这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。
“Why__14__youtakeabigmanwithyou?
Youhavetofightthesailorwhoisdrunk.”
14.A.don’tB.couldn’tC.can’tD.do
【解析】Whydon’tyoudosth?
是表示建议的固定句型,意为“为何不……?
”。
5.利用复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。
语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象,如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现,结构同现,同义同现,修饰同现,因果同现等。
因此,利用上下文寻找解题信息,确定正确答案。
如:
Firstofall,Irespectedhis__3__toteaching.Becausehislectureswerealwayswell-preparedandclearlydelivered,studentscrowdedintohisclassroom.
3.A.attentionB.introductionC.relationD.devotion
【解析】空格后面的句子说到教授的讲座准备充分、讲解清楚(well-preparedandclearlydelivered),由此可知教授为教育做出了很大的贡献,devotiontosth意为“对……贡献……”,与下文相通。
Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew__44__,dressedneatly.
A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion
【分析】名词同现,空格前出现了room,furniture,curtains,aTV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。
Liumeiisamongthe__22__ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(答应给)Liuafullscholarship---HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.
22.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silent
Friendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike__2__friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…
2.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar
真题练习2:
(2011·陕西卷)完形填空
Inalandfaraway,onceuponatimetherewasgreatpoverty(贫困),andonlytherichcouldmanagewithoutgreat_26_.Threeofthoserichmenandtheirservantswere_27_togetheronaroadwhentheycametoavery_28_village.
Thefirstcouldnotstandseeingthepoverty,_29hetookallthegoldandjewelsfromhiswagons(四轮载重马车)andshared_30outamongthevillagers.Hewishedthemallthebestofluck,andheleft.
Thesecondrichman,seeingthe_31situation,stoppedforashorttimeandgave_32allhisfoodanddrink,sincehe_33seethatmoneywouldbeoflittle_34tothem.Hemadesurethattheyeach_35theirfairshareandwouldhaveenoughfoodto_36forsometime.Then,heleft.
Thethirdrichman,onseeingsuchpoverty,_37andwentstraightthroughthe_38withoutstopping.Thetwootherrichmensawthisfromadistanceandcommentedwitheachother_39thethirdrichmanlackedsympathy.Itwas_40thattheythemselveshadbeentheretoofferhelp.
However,threedayslater,they41thethirdrichman,whowascomingintheoppositedirection.Hewas42travellingquickly,buthiswagons,43thegoldandvaluablestheyhadbeen44,werenowfulloffarmingtoolsandbagsof45.Hewasrushingbacktohelpthemoutofpoverty.
26.A.lossB.expectationsC.successD.problems
27.A.standingB.travellingC.gatheringD.running
28.A.farawayB.poorC.differentD.ancient
29.A.unlessB.becauseC.soD.if
30.A.themB.anythingC.nothingD.those
31.A.curiousB.worryingC.dangerousD.puzzling
32.A.thevillagersB.hisservantsC.theothersD.therest
33.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must
34.A.interestB.concernC.useD.attraction
35.A.returnedB.gainedC.offeredD.received
36.A.remainB.lastC.supplyD.share
37.A.turnedbackB.setoutC.showedoffD.speeded
38.A.villageB.landC.fieldD.road
39.A.whetherB.howC.whereD.when
40.A.goodB.certainC.trueD.strange
41.A.welcomedB.metC.acceptedD.persuaded
42.A.stillB.alreadyC.alwaysD.indeed
43.A.exceptB.insteadofC.apartfromD.alongwith
44.A.loadingB.treasuringC.carryingD.earning
45.A.foodB.jewelsC.moneyD.seeds
6.利用跳读法解题
做题时,切忌不要一个顺着一个地去完成,一定要先易后难。
学会跳着做题。
如:
“Visitors!
”repeatedJosh,wide-awakeatonce.He__1__upandlookedaround.Ashortdistanceaway,agroupof__2__stoodquietlywatchingus.Oneofthem__3__walkingtowardus.Webothjumpedtoour__4__notknowingwhattoexpect.
1.A.satB.stayedC.thoughtD.put
2.A.pilotsB.nativesC.editorsD.assistants
3.A.avoidedB.delayedC.beganD.desired
4.A.boatB.carC.horsesD.feet
【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中,我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来,这是固定搭配jumptoone’sfeet(跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案,因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来,所以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知,此处指的应该是“我和Josh完全清醒,坐起来,环顾四周”,所以第一空的答案为A;最后,根据句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案为B。
7.