职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx

职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx

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职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案

2008年职称英语考试理工类（B级）试题及答案

2008年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷

理工类B级

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Shefoundmeverydull.

AdirtyBsleepyClazyDboring

2.ThePresidentmadeabriefvisittoBeijing.

AshortBworkingCformaDsecret

3.Hewaspersuadedtogiveuptheidea.

AmentionBacceptCconsiderDdrop

4.Jackconsumesapoundofcheeseaday.

AeatsBdrinksCbuysDproduces

5.Maryjusttoldusaveryfascinatingstory.

AstrangeBfrighteningCdifficultDinteresting

6.It'sagorgeousdayanyway.

AlovelyBcoldCnormalDrainy

7.Herlifeisbecomingmorediverse.

AgenerousBhumorousCvariedDromantic

8.Foreignmilitaryaidwasprolongingthewar.

AbroadeningBworseningCextendingDaccelerating

9.Shewasunwillingtogobutshehadnochoice.

AunableBindecisiveCreadyDreluctant

10.Sheisslender,withdelicatewristsandankles.

AsickBweakCslimDpale

11.Withimmenserelief,stoppedrunning.

AsomeBenormousClittleDextensive

12.Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

AcollectBhandleCanalyzeDinvestigate

13.Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

AhitBpassedCreachedDled

14.Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise

15.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题,每题1分,共7分）　[暂无]

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题,每题1分,共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

TheSupercomputerNetwork

1Recently,tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan“talk”toeachother.Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews,butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.

2TheInternetisaninterconnected（互联）systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheIntermitisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下载）files,howmuchdatayoucanstore,etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow,accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.

3Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled“thegrid”（网格技术）,anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.The“grid”willworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternetenablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.

4Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.The“grid”willdecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerInJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.

5The“grid”canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangaveyourassistantataskand“he”willdoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata,comparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentersinthe“grid”thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Ailyouhavetodoisassignthetask,sitbackandwait.

6Atpresent,possibleapplicationsofthe“grid”inscientificresearcharebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe“grid”couldbeusandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworking“grid”projectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.

AHowdoesthe“grid”work?

BPowershared

CJustmakearequest

DLimitationsofpresentInternetuse

EDistanceisnotaproblem

FAnewerafortheInternet

23Paragraph2____________

24Paragraph3____________

25Paragraph4____________

26Paragraph5____________

27Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess____________

28The“grid”willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerof___________

29The“grid”wouldbelike____________whocanperformyourtasksefficiently。

30Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe“grid”willbecomepossibleinthenext__________

Athebiggercomputerstations

Btheadvantage

Ctenyears

Dinformation

Eyourpersonalassistant

Ffifteenyears

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31—45题,每题3分,共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Sunspots

It'snotsurprisingthatsunspots（太阳黑子）wereobservedbyancientastronomers（天文学家）.Thelargestsoupspoonthesuncanbeseenwithoutatelescope.Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofthetelescope（望远镜）intheearly17thcentury,however,thatsystematicstudiesofsunspotscouldbeundertaken.ThegreatastronomerGalileowasamongthefirsttomaketelescopicobservationsofsunspots.

Sunspotsareregionsofextremelystrongmagneticfields（磁场）foundonthesun’ssurface.Asunspothasadarkcentralcoreknownastheumbra.Theumbraissurroundedbyadarkringcalledthepenumbra,wherethemagneticfieldspreadsoutward.Sunspotsappeardarkbecausetheyaregivingofflessradiation.Theyarecoolerthantherestofthesun’ssurface.Sunspotsarefrequentlyobservedinpairsofinpairedgroups.Themembersofaspotpairareidentifiedastheleadingspotandthefollowingspot.TheyareidentifiedbytheirpositioninthepairintermsofthedirectioninWhichthesunrotates（旋转）.Thenumberofsunspotsatanyonetimevaries.Alargespotgroupmayconsistofasmanyas10groupsand300spotsacrossthesun.Thenumberofspotschangesinafairlyregularpatterncalledthesunspotcycle.Thelargestnumberoccursaboutevery11years.AtsunspotminimL{m,thereareatmostjustafewsmallspots.Theaveragelifetimeofanindividualspotgroupisroughlyonesolarrotation,whichisabout25days.Themostpersistentlargeslops,howevercansurvivefortwotothreemonths.

31.Carefulobservationsandsystematicstudiesofsunspots

　　A.weremadebyancientastronomers.B.startedintheearly17thcentury.

　　C.weremadebyGalileoonly.D.couldbemadewithoutatelescope.

32.Sunspotsarecoolerthantherestofthesun'ssurfacebecause

　　A.theyproducelessenergy.B.theyareburiedinthesun.

　　C.theyarefarawayfrommagneticfields.D.theyareclosetomagneticfields.

33Theleadingspotandthefollowingspotarethenamesof

　　A.twolargesunspots.B.alargespotandasmallspot。

　　C.thetwospotsinaspotpair.D.thecentralcoreandtheringaroundit.

34.Infinitenesssunspotactivityhadoccurredin1857,thenextonewouldhavebeenin

　　A.1858.B.1862.C.1865D.1868

35Inthelastparagraphtheword"persistentmeans

　　A.important.B.effective.C.enduring.D.visible.

第二篇

WhereHaveAlltheBeesGone?

Scientistswhostudyinsectshavearealmysteryontheirhands.Allacrossthecountry,honeybeesareleavingtheirhives（蜂巢）andneverreturning.Researcherscallthisphenomenoncolony-collapse（群体瘫痪）disorder.Itisreposedthat25to40percentofthehoneybeesintheUShavevanishedfromtheirhivessincelastfall.Sofar,noonecanexplainwhy.

Colonycollapseisaseriousconcernbecausebeesplayanimportantroleintheproductionofaboutone-thirdofthefoodsweeat.Astheyfeed,honeybeesspreadpollen（花粉）fromflowertoflower.Withoutthisprocess,aplantcan’tproduceseedsorfruits.

Now,agroupofscientistsandbeekeepershaveteameduptotrytofigureoutwhat’scausingthealarmingcollapseofsomanycolonies.Theyhopetofindoutwhat’scontributingtothedeclineandtopreventbeedisappearanceinthefuture.

Itcouldbethatdiseaseiscausingthedisappearanceofthebees.Toexplorethatpossibility,JayEvans,aresearcherattheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture（SDA）BeeResearchLaboratory,examinesbeestakenfromcoloniesthatarecollapsing.“Weknowwhatahealthybeeshouldlooklikeontheinsideandwecanlookforphysicalsignsofdisease.”hesays.Andbeesfromcollapsingcoloniesdon’tlookveryhealthy.“Theirstomachsareworndowncomparedtothestomachsofhealthybees,”Evanssays.Itmaybethataparasite（寄生虫）makingthebees’digestiveorgans.Theirimmune（免疫的）systemsmaynotbeworkingastheyshould.Moreover,theyhavehighlevelsofbacteriainsidetheirbodies.

Anothercauseofcolony-collapsedisordermaybecertainchemicalsthatfarmersapplytokillunwantedinsectsoncrops,saysJerryHayes,chiefbeeinspectorfortheFloridaDepartmentofAgriculture.Somestudies,hesays,suggestthatacertaintypeofinsecticide（杀虫剂）affectsthehoneybee’snewelssystemandmemory.“Itseemslikehoneybeesaregoingoutandgettingconfusedaboutwheretogoandwhattodo,”hesays.

Ifitturnsoutthatadiseaseiscontributingtocolonycollapse,bees’genescouldexplainwhysomecolonieshavecollapsedandothershavenot.Inanygroupofbeestherearemanydifferentkindsofgenes.Themoredifferentgenesagrouphas,thehigherthegroup’sgeneticdiversity.Sofarscientistshaven’tdeterminedtheroleofgeneticdiversityincolonycollapse,butit'sapromisingtheory,saysEvans.

36.Whatisthemysterythatresearchersfindhardtoexplain?

　A.Honeybeesareflyingallacrossthecountry.

　B.HalfofthehoneybeesintheUShavedied.

　C.Honeybeesareleavingtheirhivesanddonotreturn.

　D.Honeybeehivesareindisorder.

37.Researchersareseriouslyconcernedwiththephenomenonofco