汽车专业英语习题集.docx
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汽车专业英语习题集
练习题一
一、单词互译(每空1分,共20分)
A英译汉共10题每题一分
1、Automobile
2、Classification
3、Combustion
4、Chamber
5、Circulate
6、Crankshaft
7、Antifreeze
8、Carburetor
9、Mechanics
10、Air–fuelmixture
B汉译英共10题每题一分
1、连杆n.
2、点燃n.
3、简洁地adv.
4、(使)旋转v.
5、发动机n.
6、要求v.
7、输送v.
8、活塞n.
9、系统n.
10、气缸n.
二、词汇和语法(每小题1分,共20分)
1、The______ofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).
A、upperlimitB、lowerlimitC、limit
2、The______ofpistonmovementiscalledBDC(bottomdeadcenter).
A、lowerlimitB、upperlimitC、limit
3、A_____ispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.
A、strokeB、stageC、state
4、The_____isrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.
A、crankshaftB、crankpinC、break
5、Theactions______canbedividedintofourstages,orstrokes.
A、takenplaceintheenginecylinder
B、takingplaceintheenginecylinder
C、takeplaceintheenginecylinder
6、Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastroke_____itchargesitsdirectionofmotion.
A、everytimeB、eachtimeC、eachtimes
7、”Stroke”______pistonmovement.
A、refertoB、referstoC、preferto
8、Astrokeoccurs_______thepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.
A、whileB、whenC、which
9、BythetimethepistonreachesTDC,themixture________toaslittleasone-tenthofitsoriginalvolume,oroverless.
A、hadbeencompressedB、hasbeencompressedC、compressed
10、Whentheair-fuelmixtureiscompressed,________doesthepressureinthecylindergoup,______thetemperatureofthemixture_______increases.
A、notonly…butalsoB、notonly…butandC、not…but
11、Thecylinderpressure________asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.
A、goupB、increasesC、add
12.Butasthehigherpressuresiscalledupontowithstandverymuchgreaterstresses
higherpressuresincylinders.
A.becauseB.becauseofC.dueto
13.Thedieselengineismoreefficient,becauseithighercompressionratio.
A.haveB.hasC.had
14.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselenginereplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.
A.toB.forC.from
15.Inanyinternalcombustionengineburningfuelheatsairconsequently.
A.whichB.thatC.when
16.Weallknowthatdieselengines()workinthesamewayasgasolineenginedo.
A.inprincipleB.inotherwordsC.inturn
17.Upto40percentofthechemicalenergyoftheburningfuelchangedintomechanicalenergy.
A.willbeB.wouldbeC.maybe
18.Asitwere,intowaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.
A.aB.anC.the
19.Ithasmoresubstantialconstructionandisthusheavier.
A.tobeofB.tobeC.tobethat
20.Thesameseriesofeventstakeplaceagainandcontinuetheengineruns.
A.whenB.asC.aslongas
三、阅读与理解(20题,每题2分,共40分)
Part1
Theactionstakingplaceintheenginecylindercanbedividedintofourstages,orstroke.“Stroke”referstopistonmovement;astrokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.TheupperlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledBDC(bottomdeadcenter).AstrokeispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.
Wheretheentirecycleofeventsinthecylinderrequiresfourstrokes(ortwocrankshaftrevolutions),theenginesiscalledafour-stroke-cycleengine,orafour-cycleengine.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.
1.Whatdoweseefromtheparagraphs?
()
A.Whatisstroke?
B.Whatisengine?
C.Whatiscylinder?
2.WhichoneStatementistrueaccordingtheabovefirstparagraph?
()
A.Afour-stroke-cycleenginemeansthatfourstrokesisrequiredwhenitfinishthewholecycle.
B.AstrokeisnotpistonmovementfromTDCtoBDC,butfromBDCtoTDC.
C.ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).
3.WhatisBDCinthetermofautomobileindustry?
()
A.Bottomdeadcenter.
B.Topdeadcenter.
C.NeitherofAandB.
4.WhichoneStatementisTRUEaccordingthelastparagraph?
()
A.Thefourstrokesoccurintwocrankshaftrevolutions.
B.Thefourstrokesoccurinfourcrankshaftrevolutions.
C.Thefourstrokesoccurinonecrankshaftrevolutions.
5.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?
()
A.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.
B.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andinhauls.
C.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,combining,power,andexhaust.
Part2
Powerstroke:
AsthepistonreachesTDConthecompressionstroke,anelectricsparkisproducedatthesparkplug.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.Thesparkignites,orsetsfireto,theair-fuelmixture.Itnowbeingstoburnveryrapidly,andthecylinderpressureincreasestoasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Thisterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward,andapowerimpulseistransmittedthroughtheconnectingrodtothecrankpinonthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.
6.Whichtopicisfitwiththeparagraph?
()
A.Powerstroke
B.Compressionstroke.
C.Exhauststroke.
7.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?
()
A.Theterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.
B.Theslightpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.
C.Thislittlepushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.
8.Whichwordorphrasecanchangetheword“ignites”?
()
A.setsfireto
B.shootsat
C.charges
9.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?
()
A.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtobeginthespark.
B.Theignitionsystemdeliversalow-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtodefendthespark.
C.Theignitionsystemdeliversaconstant-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.
10.Whentheair-fuelmixturebeingstoburnveryrapidly,howmuchdoesthecylinderpressureincreaseto?
()
A.Asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.
B.Asmuchas3-5barorevenmore.
C.About3-5Kpa.
Part3
Weallknowthatdieselengines,inprinciple,workinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.Bothkindsofenginesareinternalcombustionengines,buteachofthemhasitscharacteristicfeatures.
Nowletuscomparethedieselenginewiththegasolineengine.Firstly,theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor,butinthecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pumpwhichforcesa“shot”offuelintoeachcylinderinturnaccordingtothecorrectfiringsequence.Secondly,thefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselenginesisthatinthegasolineenginethesourceoftheheatforignitingthecharge,namely,anelectricspark,isgeneratedoutsidetheengine,andistaken,asitwere,intothewaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.Inthedieselenginethesourceofheatforignitingthechargeiscreatedwithintheenginebycompressingpureairtoadegreethatwillinitiatecombustionandtheninjectingthefuelattherighttimeinrelationtothemovementofthecrankshaft.
11.Whatdoweseefromthefirstparagraph?
()
A.Dieselenginesworkinthesamemeanasgasolineenginesdo.
B.Dieselenginesdon’tworkinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.
C.EitherofAandB.
12.WhichoneStatementistrueinthearticle?
()
A.theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor.
B.thefuelsupplyofthedieselengineisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pump.
C.bothofAandB
13.Whatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselengines?
()
A.Inthegasolineengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.
B.Inthedieselengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.
C.BothofAandB.
14.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofdieselenginesinthearticle?
()
A.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjection.
B.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyora“jerk”pump
C.BothAandB.
15.Whichtopicisfitwiththearticle?
()
A.Dieselengineoperatingfeatures.
B.Gasolineengineoperatingfeatures.
C.Jerkpumpoperatingfeatures.
Part4
Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Butasthehigherpressureiscalleduponincylinders,ithastobeofmoresubstantialconstruction,andisthusheavier.Ingeneral,thedieselenginemayweighabout9.25kilogramsperkilowatt.Themostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengineisitslowerweightperkilowatt.Thegasolineengineforautomobilesmayweighabout6.17kilogramsperkilowatt,andgasolineenginesforairplanesmayweighas0.77kilogramsperkilowatt.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselengineformreplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.
Inaddition,theenginerunscoolerthanthegasolineengine.Thisadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeeds.Dieseloilisnotonlycheaperthangasoline,butalsosafertostore.
16.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?
()
A.Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.
B.Bothclassesofenginesareofalittlesimilarconstruction.
C.BothclassesofenginesareNOTofsimilarconstruction.
17.Howmanykilogramsperkilowattmaythedieselengineweighgenerally?
()
A.about9.25
B.about0.77
C.about6.17
18.Whatisthemostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengine?
()
A.itslowerweightperkilowatt.
B.itshigherweightperkilowatt.
C.neitherofAandB
19.Whatadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeedsfordiese