组织行为学英文版(第13版)ch14.pptx

组织行为学英文版(第13版)ch14.pptx

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Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.14-1Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.Chapter14:

ConflictandNegotiation14-2Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.LearningObjectivesAfterstudyingthischapter,youshouldbeableto:

Differentiatebetweenthetraditionalandinteractionistviewsofconflict.Describethethreetypesofconflictandthetwolociofconflict.Outlinetheconflictprocess.Contrastdistributiveandintegrativebargaining.Applythefivestepsofthenegotiationprocess.Showhowindividualdifferencesinfluencenegotiations.Assesstherolesandfunctionsofthird-partynegotiations.14-3Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.DifferentiateBetweentheTraditionalandInteractionistViewsofConflictConflictaprocessthatbeginswhenonepartyperceivesthatanotherpartyhasnegativelyaffected,orisabouttonegativelyaffect,somethingthatthefirstpartycaresabout.Ifnooneisawareofaconflict,thenitisgenerallyagreednoconflictexists.Alsoneededtobegintheconflictprocessareoppositionorincompatibilityandinteraction.1LO114-4Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.DifferentiateBetweentheTraditionalandInteractionistViewsofConflictTheTraditionalViewofConflictThetraditionalviewofconflictconflictwasadysfunctionaloutcomeresultingfrompoorcommunication,alackofopennessandtrustbetweenpeople,andthefailureofmanagerstoberesponsivetotheneedsandaspirationsoftheiremployees.Assumedallconflictwasbadandtobeavoided.Viewednegativelyanddiscussedwithsuchtermsviolence,destruction,andirrationality.1LO114-5Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.DifferentiateBetweentheTraditionalandInteractionistViewsofConflictTheInteractionistViewofConflictAccordingtotheinteractionistviewofconflictaharmonious,peaceful,tranquil,andcooperativegroupispronetobecomingstatic,apathetic,andunresponsivetoneedsforchangeandinnovation.Butnotallconflictsaregood.Functionalconflictsupportsgoals.Conflictsthathindergroupperformancearedysfunctionalordestructiveformsofconflict.1LO114-6Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.DescribetheThreeTypesofConflictandtheThreeLociofConflictTypesofConflictResearchershaveclassifiedconflictsintothreecategories:

1.Taskconflictrelatestothecontentandgoalsofthework.2.Relationshipconflictfocusesoninterpersonalrelationships.3.Processconflictisabouthowtheworkgetsdone.1LO214-7Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.DescribetheThreeTypesofConflictandtheThreeLociofConflictLociofConflictAnotherwaytounderstandconflictistoconsideritslocus,orwheretheconflictoccurs.Therearethreebasictypes:

Dyadicconflictisconflictbetweentwopeople.Intragroupconflictoccurswithinagrouporteam.Intergroupconflictisconflictbetweengroupsorteams.1LO214-8Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.OutlinetheConflictProcess1LO314-9Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.OutlinetheConflictProcess1LO314-10Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.OutlinetheConflictProcess1LO314-11Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.OutlinetheConflictProcess1LO314-12Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.OutlinetheConflictProcess1LO3StageV:

OutcomesConflictcanbefunctionalordysfunctional.ConflictisconstructivewhenitImprovesthequalityofdecisions,stimulatescreativityandinnovation,encouragesinterestandcuriosity,providesthemediumthroughwhichproblemscanbeairedandtensionsreleased,andfostersanenvironmentofself-evaluationandchange.ConflictisdestructivewhenitBreedsdiscontent,reducesgroupeffectiveness,andthreatensthegroupssurvival.14-13Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.ManagingFunctionalConflictOneofthekeystominimizingcounterproductiveconflictsisrecognizingwhentherereallyisadisagreement.Manyapparentconflictsareduetopeopleusingdifferentlanguagetodiscussthesamegeneralcourseofaction.Successfulconflictmanagementrecognizesthesedifferentapproaches.Attemptstoresolvethembyencouragingopen,frankdiscussionfocusedoninterestsratherthanissues.1LO314-14OutlinetheConflictProcessCopyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.Groupsthatresolveconflictssuccessfullydiscussdifferencesofopinionopenly.Themostdisruptiveconflictsarethosethatareneveraddresseddirectly.Managersneedtoemphasizesharedinterestsinresolvingconflicts.Groupswithcooperativeconflictstylesandanunderlyingidentificationtogroupgoalsaremoreeffectivethangroupswithamorecompetitivestyle.1LO314-15OutlinetheConflictProcessCopyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.Differencesacrosscountriesinconflictresolutionstrategiesmaybebasedoncollectivistictendenciesandmotives.Collectivistculturesseepeopleasdeeplyembeddedinsocialsituations.Theywillavoiddirectexpressionofconflicts,preferringindirectmethodsforresolvingdifferencesofopinion.1LO314-16OutlinetheConflictProcessCopyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.ContrastDistributiveandIntegrativeBargainingNegotiationisaprocessinwhichtwoormorepartiesexchangegoodsorservicesandattempttoagreeupontheexchangerateforthem.Weusethetermsnegotiationandbargaininginterchangeably.1LO414-17Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.ContrastDistributiveandIntegrativeBargaining1LO414-18Copyright2015PearsonEducation,Inc.ContrastDistributiveandIntegrativeBargainingResearchshowsthatwhenyoureengagedindistributivebargaining,oneofthebestthingsyoucandoismakethefirstoffer,andmakeitanaggressiveone.Showspower.Establishesananch