届安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟英语试题.docx

届安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟英语试题.docx

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届安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟英语试题

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2020届安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟英语试题

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一、阅读理解

Thefollowing4famouspaintings—fromJanvanEyck'sportraittoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece—havestoodthetestoftime.

TheAmolfiniPortrait

JanvanEyck’sAmolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434,inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher,isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery,London.Thispaintingisasvisuallyinterestingasitisfamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety,throughvanEyck'sheavyuseofsymbolism—whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness,wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.

TheStarryNight

VincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight,oiloncanvas（帆布）,amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage,duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint–Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModemArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.

TheHarvesters

TheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.ItdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofAugustandSeptember.NicolaesJonghelinck,amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,commissionedthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.

Guernica

Guernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.Thetitle'Guernica'referstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziplanesduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today,thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofiainMadrid.

1．Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest?

A．Guernica.B．TheHarvesters.

C．TheStarryNight.D．TheAmolfiniPortrait.

2．Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseasons?

A．PieterBruegeltheElder.B．VincentvanGogh.

C．JanvanEyck.D．PabloPicasso.

3．WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?

A．Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.

B．Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.

C．Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.

D．Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.

Adventure-seekerEmmabrokeheranklewhenshefellawkwardlywhileclimbingarockandspentaweekinhospitalwaitingforanoperationonherfoot.Whenshewassenthometorecoverunderstrictinstructionsnottobearanyweight,shebecamesofearfulofcrutches（拐杖）thatshedidn'tmoveforthreeweeks.“ItriedcrutchesbutIkeptfallingoverandinjuringmyself.SoIliterallyjuststayedonthesofaallday,”saysEmma.

ShewasguttedatthethoughtofmissingtheWolfRun—aquarterlyeventthatshehasn'tmissedsince2014.“IfyoucompletefourWolfRunsinayear,oneineachseason,yougetAlphaWolfstatus,”explainsEmma.“ThisyearwasgoingtobemyfifthinarowasanAlphaWolfandIwasreallyupsetthatI'dlosemystatus.”Soshewaswillingtotryanythingtogetthroughthecourse—evenwithherinjuredankle.

“IwastellingmyfriendthatIwasgoingtocancel,andhepersuadedmetogiveitago.Havingsomethingtoaimforreallykeptmegoing."EmmacompletedtherunwearinganiWALK2.0,whichisamedically-approveddeviceanditbasicallyfunctionslikeahi-techartificialleg,allowinguserstowalkfreely.Idecidedtogetoneanditcompletelychangedmyrecovery.Icouldmovearoundthehouseandstartgettingoutandaboutagain,whichhadarealimpactonmymentalwell-being.”

Onthedayoftherace,Emmawasnervousbutthesoundofpeoplecheeringheronkepthermotivated.Emmamadeitoverthefinishlineinjustundersixhoursandclockedupher23rdWolfRuninfiveyears.“ItwasanincredibledayandmydeterminationtofinishcombinedwiththesupportIreceivedalongthewaykeptmegoing,”saysEmma.

4．WhywasEmmafrightenedtouseacrutch?

A．Shewasafraidofrecoveringslowly.

B．Shewaswarnednottomovearound.

C．Shejusthadanoperationonherfoot.

D．Sheoftengotinjuredwhenusingone.

5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gutted”meaninParagraph2?

A．Extremelysad.B．Abitrelieved.

C．Verysurprised.D．Prettycheerful.

6．WhatactuallymadeEmmatakepartintherace?

A．Hernewhi-techartificialleg.

B．Herfearoflettingherfrienddown.

C．Herstrongdesiretoachieveherambition.

D．Hercompleterecoveryfromtheoperation.

7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEmma?

A．Strong-willed.B．Supportive.

C．Creative.D．Humorous.

ErikKobayashi-SolomonspentadaywithDr.PaulGauthier,aplantphysiologistspecializinginverticalfarmingresearchandcameawaywithseveralimportantideasaboutverticalfarming.

Humanshave12,000yearsofexperiencegrowingfood,butonlyagenerationorsoworthofexperiencegrowingcropsindoors.Wearestillprogressingupthetechnologylearningcurve（学习曲线）.What'smore,traditionalfarmingtechniquesarebasedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,withouttakingtimetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimpliedpromises.

ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsaverticalfarmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas"pie-in-the-sky"businesses.Hefamouslycalculates,forinstance,thatthecostofaloafofbreadwouldbe$24iffarmedindoors—thecostistoohigh.Gauthieracknowledgesthatenergypricesarehighbutpointsoutthatscientificworkhasshownthatonlyabout6%ofavailablesunlightisusedincropphotosynthesis（光合作用）,sotheremaybewaysofgrowingthesameplantswithlesslight.

Gauthieralsopointsoutthatwhileenergycostsareabithigh,verticalfarmingdoescreatehighefficienciesinotherareas.Waterusagemaybesignificantlyreducedbecausethesamewatercanberecycledtimeandagain.Fertilizerusecanbegreatlyreducedandpesticidesforpestcontrolareunnecessary.It'sclearthatverticalfarmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.

Thefutureisprobablymixed.Insomeenvironments—theMiddleEast,forinstance—amovetoverticalfarmingisano-brainer.AnindoorfarminSaudiArabia,forinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshadingoutotherfarmland.Inothergeographies,though,theexpenseofestablishingafacilityplacesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.Alargeverticalfanningandequipmentoperationonlystartedgeneratingasmallprofiteightyearsintoitsnine-yearlife.

8．WhatcanweinferaboutverticalfarminginParagraph2?

A．Itwillreplacetraditionalfarmingoneday.

B．Itreliesonresearchofmorebasicscience.

C．Itcanbeapplicableondifferentconditions.

D．Itactuallycameintobeing12,000yearsago.

9．WhatdoesDr.Albrightthinkofverticalfarms?

A．Theyuselesslightthantraditionalones.

B．Theymayseemveryunlikelytosucceed.

C．Theycanovercomemanyproblemsinfarming.

D．Theydonotneedanynaturalsunlightanylonger.

10．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Thewaysofreducingcostsofverticalfanning.

B．Thesecretsofdevelopingverticalfarming.

C．Therecenttrendofverticalfarming.

D．Thebenefitsofverticalfarming.

11．Whyistheexampleof“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia”mentioned?

A．Toshowverticalfanningcanworkwellinsomeplaces.

B．ToprovesolarenergyisvitalforfarminginSaudiArabia.

C．Toconfirmtheexpenseofsettingupaverticalfarmishigh.

D．Toarguevegetablesdonotneedtobeimportedanylonger.

ResearchersdiscoveredahiddencontinentonEarth,butit'snotAtlantis.TheyfounditwhilereconstructingtheevolutionofMediterraneanregion'scomplexgeology,whichriseswithmountainrangesanddipswithseasfromSpaintoIran.

ThecontinentiscalledGreaterAdria.It'sthesizeofGreenlandanditbrokeofffromNorthAfrica,onlytobeburiedunderSouthernEuropeabout140millionyearsago.Andchancesareyou'vebeentherewithoutevenknowingit.“ForgetAtlantis,”saidDouwe,studyauthorandprofessoratUtrechtUniversity.“Withoutrealizingit,vastnumbersoftouristsspendtheirholidayeachyearonthelostcontinentofGreaterAdria.”ThisareaiscalledAdriabygeologists,sotheresearchersforthisstudyrefertothepreviouslyundiscoveredcontinentasGreaterAdria.

MostofGreaterAdriawasunderwater,coveredbyshallowseas,coralreefsandsediments（沉淀物）.Thesedimentsformedrocksandthoserocksbecamemountainrangesintheseareas：

theAlps,theApennines,theBalkans,GreeceandTurkey.TheresearchersfoundthatGreaterAdriastartedtobecomeitsowncontinentabout240millionyearsago.

Thisisn'tthefirsttimealostcontinenthasbeenfound.InJanuary2017,researchersannouncedthediscoveryofalostcontinentleftoverfromthesupercontinentGondwana,whichbeganbreakingapart200millionyearsago.Theleftoverpiece,whichwascoveredinlava（岩浆）,isnowunderMauritius,anislandintheIndianOcean.AndinSeptember2017,adifferentresearchteamfoundthelostcontinentofZealandiathroughoceandrillingintheSouthPacific.It’stwo-thirdsofamilebeneaththesea.

GreaterAdriaisn’tthefirstlostcontinenttobefound.Butifresearchinpastyearsshowsanything,itlikelywon’tbethelastdiscovery.

12．Howdi