新闻传播学导论 introduction to journalism.docx
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新闻传播学导论introductiontojournalism
新闻传播学导论5(5introductiontojournalism)
TocallLiangQichaomagazine:
"currentaffairs",ZhangBinglin"bytheworldnewspaper"021-
Toaddress:
1904ShanghaiUniversityPressJournal-"OrientalMagazine"networksupervision
AcleardistinctionbetweennewspaperandJournal:
earlytwentiethCenturyhelp
Twohundredthousandandninety-two
Distinguish:
200092
Thenewspaperpublishingperiodofshortperiod,longperiodofeducationjournals
Thenewspaperpublishedthespeedquickly,needtoreportthenewsjusthappenedcounteveryminuteandsecond,designedsimplebinding
Thejournalisslow,canelaboratenewsandmakeathoroughanalysisandcomment,beautifullyprintedFrontGate
Thevolumeofnewspapernewsprovidesmorejournals,fromthedisseminationofnewsofthisfunction,thenewspaperisgreaterthanJournalofTongji
Thecontentispublished
Thenewspapertopublishnewsandcomment,canbecomethemouthpieceofsportsexerciseintervention,andreflectthesituation,contactwiththemasses33626038
Thejournaltopublishfactsandcommentary,extensiveresearchcanonlytalkaboutevents,themainproblem33623037
Leninnewspaperforagitation,propagandaforNo.48journals
GeGongzhen-fromthedifferentcontenttodistinguishbetweenthetwonewspaperstoreportnewsandjournalstopublishcommentaryofZhangwu
common
(a)broadcastbywireorradiowavestransmitvoicemediatest
Thespreadofthemeansofradio-byradioZhangwu
Wiredbroadcasting-bywireguidance
Test
History:
1920.11.2-Pittsburgh-thefirstlicensedradiostationforKDKA
1923Chinesefirstradio-Foreigners
1940.12Chinesepeople'sBroadcasting-createtheCentralPeople'sBroadcastingStation'spredecessor-YananXinhuaradio
Soundsignal
Workingprinciple:
Broadcast-Microphone-listeningtools-listener
Soundbywireorradiowavestransmitsoundwaves
Inordertocompletebroadcastprograms,thisisacombinationofallindividualprograms,adayhasbeganthesong,callsign,promo
Advantage:
Wide-UNESCOInternationalExchangeResearchCommitteeinthemostcommonmasscommunicationtools
Therapidspreadofwavesand-orwireseverywhere,cansimultaneouslyreceiveinformation
SynchronousbroadcastingonEmergencyBroadcastingMajor,betterthanTV
Functionaldiversity-newsprograms,educationalprogramsandserviceprogramsandartprograms,comprehensivethannewspapers
Strongappeal:
Inferiorcontentisfleeting,selectivityandretentionthannewspapers,readersthanpassiveaudience
Onlytheauditoryimage,afterlisteningtotheinferioreffect
(three)theuseofaTVnewsmediaelectronictransmissionofvoice,image,appearedlaterthannewspapersandradio
Thehistoryof1936BroadcastingBritishCorporation-AlexanderHouse-atelevision,11.2officiallybroadcasttelevision
1950s-blackandwhiteTVwidedevelopment
1954Americancolortelevisionbroadcasting
China-televisionindustrywasbornin19581973.5.1colorTVPremiere
Workingprinciple:
Thescene,imageandsound-signal(videoandaudio)-scene,imageandsoundactivities
WithaTVcamera(withmicrophone)camerawithmicrowaveandtransmitselectricalsignalswithloadreductiontelevisionreceiver
Televisionpicture-scenescene,movingimagesandphotos,pictures,textetc.
Voice:
vocallanguage,musicandsound.
Features:
audio-visual
Therapidspreadof
Fullfunction-shape,sound,colorandbeauty
Thewideaudience-thelargestnumberofTVviewers
Selectiveretentionofdifference
TheleaderofcableTVEuropepublished1930s
1940s-theUnitedStates.
1964-ChinabeganthedevelopmentofcableTV
Two.Thenewsmediainthenewcentury
(a)-fourthmedianetworkmedia
Alargeamountofinformation,disseminationofcontentrich,convenientaccesstoinformationtransmission,lowcost,strongcompatibility,interactivity,niche
(two)thenewradioandtelevision
DigitalaudiobroadcastingDABthirdgenerationbroadcastmedia
HighdefinitiontelevisionHDTV
(three)integratedmedia-media
Throughtheinternationalhigh-speedInternettoprovideinformationservicesandnewmediabythepersonalcomputerreceivinglighttransmission
Thethirdsectionnewsmediafunction
Thefunctionofmassmedia.
Function:
fromtheviewofsystemtheory,repeatedthephenomenonofthesystemandtheexternalenvironmentandtheinteractionsbetweenthe
Fromthedailysociallife,functionefficiency,toplayabeneficialroleofthingsormethods
Thefunctionofmassmedia:
generallyreferstothesocialfunctionofmassmedia,isproducedinthehumansocietylifefunction
TheUSpoliticalscientist,scholar-"1948Lasswell'scommunicationstructureandfunctioninthesociety."
Themacroscopicangle-threefunctionsofmonitoringenvironment,coordinatedresponse,transferofheritage
TheUSsociologistWright1957":
thefunctionsofmasscommunication"
Addafunction:
Entertainment
TheUSscholarSchram
Microangle:
fivefunctions-featuresextendthewatchman
Thedecisionfunctionandwakeupthepublicattention,topersuade
Thesocialfunctionofaudiovisualeducationfunction
Theentertainmentfunction
Thefunctionofbusiness
Isgenerallybelievedthattheradarfunctioninformationfunction-Watchormonitortheenvironment
Coordinationandmanagementfunctionstopromotethepolicyimplementation,reflectingpublicopinion,promotesocialoperationmechanism
Theeducationalfunctionofeducationsociety,thedisseminationofculturalknowledge,socialethicsandvalues
Theentertainmentfunctionwitheducationandsocialfunction
Payattentiontotheproblem
Setupissuesthatdeterminetheagenda.Referstothemediatoselectatopicinacertainperiodoftime,strengtheningtheimplementationofreports,makeitbecomeacentralissueofpublicopinion,tomakeithaveastrongeffectontheissue,changeorfirmattitudeofthepublicconsensus,whichcausedwidespreadconcernandattention,improvethevisibilityofmediapeople,themediaeventsproducedasensation.Toimprovethebeneficialeffectofnewsdissemination.
Thenegativefunctionofmedia
Two.Thefunctionofnewsmedia
Thetransmissionofnewsinformation,newsmediaisthemostimportantinformationcarrier
Firstthetheoryofjournalismworksof"NewLiterature"-XuBaohuang-therealsupplyofsocialnews
TheNiemannfoundation-LuisLyons-Pressnewscarrierpostexercise
TheUSNewspaperEditorsAssociation-News-"statute"newspaperthebasicfunctionistoexpressthepeoplemade,feel,think
Reflectpublicopinion
TheUSNewsscholarsJostnewspaperwithnewsandviews,opinionsandfacts,sothatreadersunderstand,haveadvocated
Socialpsychologists-taldyNews-poweristhepowerofthepublic,thereportercontrolcommandofcitizens,publicopinion
Bernd-Ralphhallcollectednewspapertocreatethespiritofslaverymoredangerousthanchains,creatingpublicopinionnewspaper
WestEVERRED-sociologistnewsisthefirstkindofpower,peoplecreatethepublicopinionthroughthenews
JournalistOnoHideonewsalsoreflecttheformationofpublicopinion,publicopinion
ChineseWangTaonewspaperisfrompublicopiniontool
LiangQichao:
themedia-newspapersistheopinionofthemotherofpride
SunZhongshanisthemotherofthefactofpublicopinion,publicopinionisthemotherofthearmy
ThebirthofMaoZedong-thenewsocialsystem,alwaysraiseahueandcry
XuBaohuangsupplynews,onbehalfofpublicopinion,tocreatepublicopinion,knowledge,moralityandadvocatingthebusiness
TheBishopreportthenews,comment,supplyentertainment,advertising
"NewstheorySyllabus"newsreports,thedisseminationofinformation;
Theexpressionofopinion,andguidepublicopinion;
Thesocialservice,theguidanceoflife;
Thedisseminationofknowledge,thepopularizationofeducation;
Provideawholesomeentertainment.
Thehistoryofthedevelopmentofthenewspaper:
Thetransmissionofcommercialinformationnewspaperpartynewspapernewsandopinionfromcommercialnewspapersinmodernpopularnewspapers
Thenewspapercalledthenewspaperandpaperviews
Thefourthsectionofmediacultureandmediaculture
Amediaculturereferstotheculture.Inthesystem,tothemediaasthemainwayofhumansocietyandconstituteasubculturesystem
Culture:
materialculture,systemculture,culturalawareness
Mediaculture:
oralculture,culture,cultureofelectronicprinting
Influenceofdisseminationofnewknowledgeandnewideas,newthings,improvetheaudienceculture,improvethelevelofknowledgeandstructure
Topromotethesocializationofyoungpeople,tomakesocialheritagefromgenerationtogeneration
Shapingthemediafigure,awardedtoindividualsandgroupsonsocialstatusandprestige
Todeterminetheagenda,theformationofpublichotspots,participateinandguidesocialactivities
Thespreadofcommercialculture,topromotethesaleofgoods,topromotethedevelopmentofsocialeconomicactivities
Responsetosocialchange,toacceleratethemodernizationof
Two.Culturenews
Istheconnotationofmediaculturefocusesontheculturemediumofnewsmedia,isoneofthemodernmedia
Itistheextensionofthecultureandcharacteristicsofthemediafocusonculturemedia,cultureisthemainsymbolofnewsnewsworks
ThebeautyofMartinWalker"newspaper"thepowerofanewspaperisanationalcultureinadiary
ThenewssystemtheoryanditscharacteristicsofstrongpoliticalcolorMerrillineachcountry,isitspoliticalandsocialsystemandideologyisconsistent
ThedistinctvaluejudgmentfactorsJostallnewsistrue
Deepphilosophyofjournalisticculturerequiresastrongsenseofmacroandspeculativespirit
Thet