初中定语从句公开课导学案.docx

初中定语从句公开课导学案.docx

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初中定语从句公开课导学案

定语概念：

_____________________________________________________________________

划出下列定语

atallbuildingthebookonthedeskanythingimportantthegirlinred

如果定语_______________，便称为定语从句。

Iknowthegirl.Thegirlisinred.（两个简单句）→Iknowthegirlwhoisinred.

（定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。

这个词就称为先行词。

其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。

关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。

附：

关系词与先行词的关系：

关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。

定语从句中常用的关系词有：

关系代词________________________________________________________________

关系代词在从句中可充当___________，_____________或_____________；

关系副词_________（表示时间）_________（表示地点）_________（表示原因）

关系副词在从句中充当状语。

结论：

关系词常有三个作用：

1、_________2、_________3、_________

一、将下列句子译成汉语。

.

1.Whothatknowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?

2.Whatelsewasthereinmybrotherthatyoudidn'tlike?

3.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacestothesouth.

4.Helivesintheroom,thewindowofwhichfacestothesouth.

5.ThisisMr.JohnforwhosesonIbroughtabookyesterday.

6.ThisisMr.JohnforwhomIboughtabookyesterday.

7.Thisisthehourwhentheplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.

8.AndthereisonepointthatI'dlikeyouradvice.

9.Winteristhetimeofyearthatthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.

10.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalley，abeautifulplacewhereyoumayspendyourweekend.

11.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.

12.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.

13.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.

14.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.

二．按关系词种类学习

（一）关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词一览表

关系词

所做成分

例句

练习一

1.Thisistheman________helpedme.

2.Thedoctor________youarelookingforisintheroom..

5.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.

6.Thisisthebook___________youwant.

7.Theroomin__________thereisamachineisaworkshop.

8.Thisistheboy_________brokethewindow.

9.Theletter_________Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.

练习二

Whose的用法

3.Doyouknowtheman________nameisWangYu?

4.Doyouseethehouse________windowsareallbroken?

1.I’vegotacat_______hairisyellow

2..HeismyEnglishteacher.Hissonisourclassmate

___________________________________________________________

练习三

1.Theboyswhofootballarefromthecountry.

A.areplayingBisplayingCplaysDtoplay

2.Atlast,themanhandedeverythinghehadstolentothepolice.

AwhichBwhatCthatDwho

3.ThisisthemostinterestingjourneyIhaveeverheardof.

A.whichBwhoCthatDwhom

4.Heisasingerwhohisownlyrics.

AwriteBwritesC.writingDtowrite

5.Thisistheboybrokemywindow.

A.whichBwhatCwhoDwhom

注：

that的用法

（1）只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

（a）在不定代词，如：

anything,nothing,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？

Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.

Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.

（b）先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。

ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我想买的字典。

c）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。

.

Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.这是我读过的最好的书。

（d）先行词既有人，又有物时。

IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.

（e）主句的主语是疑问词who/which时

Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？

正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚．

（2）不用that的情况

（a）在引导非限定性定语从句时。

Thenecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.

Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.

（错）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.

（b）介词后不能用。

Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.

Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.

当堂检测

一阅读下列句子，用who/that/which/whom填空。

1.Ihaveabrother_______likessoccer.

2.Tomdoesn’tlikemovies_______aretoolongandtooscary.

3.Weprefergroups________playloudandenergeticsongs.

4. Helikesfriends_________oftenhelpeachother.

5.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.

6.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.

7.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.

8.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.

9.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.

10.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.

11.All______wecandoistostudyhard.

12.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.

二选择填空

1. —Who is the man ______ was talking to our English teacher?

—Oh!

 It’s Mr. Baker, our math teacher.      

A. he     B. that     C. whom     D. which     

2. I hate the people ______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.    

 A. who     B. which     C. they     D. where  

 3. The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada. 

    A. which   B. when     C. who     D. whom 

  4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. 

A. who    B. whom     C. he      D. which   

5. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. 

 A. who    B. where     C. what     D. that

6. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?

 —He has gone back to Qinghua University. 

 A. whom   B. who     C. whose     D. which 

7. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. 

 A. whose   B. whom     C. which    D. who 

8. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?

  A. who    B. that     C. whom     D. whose 

 there anything ____ I can do for you?

 A. what     B. which      C. that        D. it 

10. You are the only one ____ advice he might listen to. A. who      B. that       C. whose       D. whatever 

11. The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.      

A. who’s       B. whose            C. that          D. of which

12.Theforeigner_______visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom

13.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.

A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

14. —What do you think of the school uniforms?

—Very good. I like clothes _____ make me feel comfortable. 

A. that      B. what        C. who

 15. Is there anything __________ to you?

A. that is belonged   B. that belongs   C. that belong   D. which belongs  

16 . —Now many people smoke and get ill.  

—So we should do something ______ can help stop smoking.  

A. what     B. who      C. /        D. that 

5. This is the place _______I have ever visited. 

A. there    B. when     C. where     D. which  

6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.    

  A. that     B. which     C. why     D. when 

7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life. 

 A. that     B. which     C. where     D. why

 8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived. 

 A. when   B. where     C. that     D. which 

9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.     

A. when    B. where     C. that     D. on which   

10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.   

A. who    B. that     C. whose     D. which

 11. This is the house _______ I want to buy.    

 A. in which  B. that     C. whose     D. where 

12. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.    

 A. which   B. that     C. when     D. where   

13. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. 

    A. that    B. which     C. when     D. where 

14. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.    

 A. that     B. which     C. where     D. when 

 16. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?

 —He has gone back to Qinghua University. 

 A. whom   B. who     C. whose     D. which 

17. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. 

 A. whose   B. whom     C. which    D. who 

18. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?

 A. who    B. that     C. whom     D. whose 

19. Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?

 A. which   B. when     C. who     D. where  

20. The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice. A. where     B. which     C. that       D. when

  there anything ____ I can do for you?

A. what     B. which      C. that        D. it 

22. That is the reason ____ he came to see you

. A. when     B. that     C. which       D. for which 

23. Some of the roads were flooded, ____ made our journey more difficult. 

A. which     B. it       C. what         D. that

 24. You are the only one ____ advice he might listen to.

 A. who      B. that       C. whose       D. whatever 

25. The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.      

A. who’s       B. whose            C. that          D. of which

3.Theforeigner_______visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom

4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.

A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

（二）关系副词引导的定语从句

关系词

所做成分

例句

基本用法

关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when,where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。

1.when

在从句中作时间状语。

常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。

.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.

=Aprilthefirstistheday_____________peoplemakefunofothers.

2.where

在从句中作地点状语。

常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,onwhich等取代。

.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.

=Thisisthehouse____________helivedtwoyearsago.

3.why

why在定语从句中作原因状语。

可用forwhich代替。

why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。

.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.

=Thisisthereason____________hewentaway.

（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写

这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如

1IwillneverforgetthenightwhenImetyouforthefirsttime.

=Iwillneverforgetthenight____________Imetyouforthefirsttime.

2ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsag