初中定语从句公开课导学案.docx
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初中定语从句公开课导学案
定语概念:
_____________________________________________________________________
划出下列定语
atallbuildingthebookonthedeskanythingimportantthegirlinred
如果定语_______________,便称为定语从句。
Iknowthegirl.Thegirlisinred.(两个简单句)→Iknowthegirlwhoisinred.
(定语从句)被修饰的词是_______________。
这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________,称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的成分,观察上句,关系词在从句中充当________________。
附:
关系词与先行词的关系:
关系词和先行词密切相关,因为关系词用来指代先行词,并且在从句中充当一定的成分。
定语从句中常用的关系词有:
关系代词________________________________________________________________
关系代词在从句中可充当___________,_____________或_____________;
关系副词_________(表示时间)_________(表示地点)_________(表示原因)
关系副词在从句中充当状语。
结论:
关系词常有三个作用:
1、_________2、_________3、_________
一、将下列句子译成汉语。
.
1.Whothatknowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?
2.Whatelsewasthereinmybrotherthatyoudidn'tlike?
3.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacestothesouth.
4.Helivesintheroom,thewindowofwhichfacestothesouth.
5.ThisisMr.JohnforwhosesonIbroughtabookyesterday.
6.ThisisMr.JohnforwhomIboughtabookyesterday.
7.Thisisthehourwhentheplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.
8.AndthereisonepointthatI'dlikeyouradvice.
9.Winteristhetimeofyearthatthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.
10.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalley,abeautifulplacewhereyoumayspendyourweekend.
11.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.
12.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.
13.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.
14.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.
二.按关系词种类学习
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词一览表
关系词
所做成分
例句
练习一
1.Thisistheman________helpedme.
2.Thedoctor________youarelookingforisintheroom..
5.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.
6.Thisisthebook___________youwant.
7.Theroomin__________thereisamachineisaworkshop.
8.Thisistheboy_________brokethewindow.
9.Theletter_________Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.
练习二
Whose的用法
3.Doyouknowtheman________nameisWangYu?
4.Doyouseethehouse________windowsareallbroken?
1.I’vegotacat_______hairisyellow
2..HeismyEnglishteacher.Hissonisourclassmate
___________________________________________________________
练习三
1.Theboyswhofootballarefromthecountry.
A.areplayingBisplayingCplaysDtoplay
2.Atlast,themanhandedeverythinghehadstolentothepolice.
AwhichBwhatCthatDwho
3.ThisisthemostinterestingjourneyIhaveeverheardof.
A.whichBwhoCthatDwhom
4.Heisasingerwhohisownlyrics.
AwriteBwritesC.writingDtowrite
5.Thisistheboybrokemywindow.
A.whichBwhatCwhoDwhom
注:
that的用法
(1)只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
(a)在不定代词,如:
anything,nothing,all等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?
Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.
Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.
(b)先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,just修饰时,只用that。
ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我想买的字典。
c)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that,不能用which。
.
Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.这是我读过的最好的书。
(d)先行词既有人,又有物时。
IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.
(e)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时
Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.
(2)不用that的情况
(a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。
Thenecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.
Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.
(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
(b)介词后不能用。
Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.
当堂检测
一阅读下列句子,用who/that/which/whom填空。
1.Ihaveabrother_______likessoccer.
2.Tomdoesn’tlikemovies_______aretoolongandtooscary.
3.Weprefergroups________playloudandenergeticsongs.
4. Helikesfriends_________oftenhelpeachother.
5.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.
6.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.
7.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.
8.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.
9.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.
10.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.
11.All______wecandoistostudyhard.
12.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.
二选择填空
1. —Who is the man ______ was talking to our English teacher?
—Oh!
It’s Mr. Baker, our math teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which
2. I hate the people ______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. they D. where
3. The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada.
A. which B. when C. who D. whom
4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who B. whom C. he D. which
5. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A. who B. where C. what D. that
6. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
7. I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
8. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
there anything ____ I can do for you?
A. what B. which C. that D. it
10. You are the only one ____ advice he might listen to. A. who B. that C. whose D. whatever
11. The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which
12.Theforeigner_______visitedourschoolisfromCanada.
A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom
13.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
A.whoB.whomC.heD.which
14. —What do you think of the school uniforms?
—Very good. I like clothes _____ make me feel comfortable.
A. that B. what C. who
15. Is there anything __________ to you?
A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs
16 . —Now many people smoke and get ill.
—So we should do something ______ can help stop smoking.
A. what B. who C. / D. that
5. This is the place _______I have ever visited.
A. there B. when C. where D. which
6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.
A. that B. which C. why D. when
7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.
A. that B. which C. where D. why
8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
11. This is the house _______ I want to buy.
A. in which B. that C. whose D. where
12. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
13. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
14. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
16. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
17. I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
18. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
19. Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?
A. which B. when C. who D. where
20. The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice. A. where B. which C. that D. when
there anything ____ I can do for you?
A. what B. which C. that D. it
22. That is the reason ____ he came to see you
. A. when B. that C. which D. for which
23. Some of the roads were flooded, ____ made our journey more difficult.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
24. You are the only one ____ advice he might listen to.
A. who B. that C. whose D. whatever
25. The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which
3.Theforeigner_______visitedourschoolisfromCanada.
A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom
4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
A.whoB.whomC.heD.which
(二)关系副词引导的定语从句
关系词
所做成分
例句
基本用法
关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用,又在从句中作状语,when,where和why分别表示时间,地点和原因。
1.when
在从句中作时间状语。
常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。
.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.
=Aprilthefirstistheday_____________peoplemakefunofothers.
2.where
在从句中作地点状语。
常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,onwhich等取代。
.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.
=Thisisthehouse____________helivedtwoyearsago.
3.why
why在定语从句中作原因状语。
可用forwhich代替。
why不可引导非限定性定语从句,此时可用forwhich代替。
.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.
=Thisisthereason____________hewentaway.
(二)关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写
这里的关系代词只限于which和whom,例如
1IwillneverforgetthenightwhenImetyouforthefirsttime.
=Iwillneverforgetthenight____________Imetyouforthefirsttime.
2ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsag