Unit 1 Festivals around the WorldGrammar and Useful Structures.docx
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Unit1FestivalsaroundtheWorldGrammarandUsefulStructures
Unit1FestivalsaroundtheWorld（GrammarandUsefulStructures）
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Teachingaims
．
Todiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.
2．
Getthestudentstostudytheuseofmodalverbs.
Difficultpoints
Howtousepropermodalverbsaccordingtotheconcreteandauthenticsituations.
Importantpoints
Themeaningandcorrectuseofeachpairofmodalverbs:
canandcould,mayandmight,willandwould,shallandshould,mustandcan’t
Step1warmingup
Asweknow,theXXolympicsiscoming.
Showtwopictures:
Liuxiangandyaoming
Saysomethingaboutthemusingmodalverbs.
____________________________________________________________________
Step2Lead-in
T:
Lookatthepicture,themaniscarryingapileofbooks.Sohecancarryheavybooks.Hewantstoentertheroom,buthecouldn’topenthedoorbyhimself.Soheismakingarequesttoaskforhelpfromthewomanbysaying“couldyouopenthedoor,please?
”
T:
Lookatthethreemodalverbsineachsentenceandtrytogettheirmeanings.
____________________________________________________________________
Step3Explanation
.canandcould
）表示能力（ability），指有能力做某事，意为“能够”。
例如：
注意：
表示现在，将来“能够”可用beableto替换。
表示过去“能够”并成功了只能用was/wereableto,不能用could。
例如
mygrandmaisovereighty,butshecan/isabletoreadwithoutglasses.
wecan/willbeabletotalkaboutthematterlater.
Italkedwithherforalongtime,andatlastIwasabletomakeherbelieveme.
2）表示请求（request）或允许（permission）。
意为“可否”、“可以”。
could比can更有礼貌，在此不是can的过去式。
canyouwaitamomentplease?
Liz,canyoudomeafavor?
Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?
Iwonderifyoucouldhelpme.
----couldIuseyourphone?
----yes,ofcourse.youcan.
DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourbike.
3）表示可能性（possibility）
a.can表示泛指的“可能”，并非说话者主观认为的可能性，即并非说话者的主观猜测。
Accidentcanhappentoanydrunkendriver
b.表示说话者主观猜测，只能用与否定句或疑问句中。
例如：
Itcan’tbemyfather.HeisnowinEngland.
----canitraintomorrow?
----No,itcan’t.
2.mayandmight
）表示可能性（possibility）,用于对现在，过去或将来的推测，暗示不确定。
might不是may的过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小，含较多的怀疑。
Hemaybeverybusynow.
Hemightbeverybusynow.
2）表示许可（permission），表示允许别人做某事，也可征求对方的许可。
Hemaygonow.
wemaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.
3）
用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
mayyousucceed!
mayyouhaveanicetrip!
3.willandwould
）表示意愿
表示愿意做或主动提出做，如意志，愿望或决心等，例如：
Thatbaglooksheavy,I’llhelpyouwithit.
----youknowthatbookIlentyou.canIhaveitbackifyou’vefinishedwithit?
----ofcourse..I’llgiveittoyouthisafternoon.
Thanksforlendingmethemoney,I’llpayyoubackonFriday.
2）
表示习惯
Thisoldmanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.
wewouldsitaroundGrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.
3）表示请求（request），用于第二人称，would比will更委婉。
例如：
willyoucomethisway,please?
wouldyouopenthewindow?
4.shallandshould
）shall的用法
a.
shall在疑问句中用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方的意见。
Shallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextmonth?
ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?
b.
shall用于第二，第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。
youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.（警告）
HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreadingit.
Heshallbepunished.
2）should的用法
a.should表示劝告、建议、命令。
youshouldgotoclassrightaway.
b.should表示期待，用于表达合理推断（prediction，意为“应该”），或明显的结果（意为“可能”）且所期待的事几乎是事实。
Itisthreeo’clock,thefootballgameshouldbeginnow.
marytookdancinglessonsforyears,sheshouldbeanexcellentdancer.
5.must与can’t
must用来表示“命令”、“推测”等含义。
）表示规定、指令
表示规定、指令时主要指客观上的法律、条文规定，常常翻译为“应该、必须”之类意思。
mustn’t表示禁止
youmusthaveapassportifyouwanttogoabroad.
Driversmustn’tdriveafterdrinking.
2）表示主观的命令、禁止
表示主观的命令、禁止时，主要指说话者主观的命令或强烈的劝告。
youcangooutwithyourfriendbutyoumustcomebackbefore11atnight.
----mustIhandintheexercisetoday?
----No,youneedn’t.
3）表示猜测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用于肯定句，意为肯定……。
其否定为can’t，意为不可能…...
youmustbeill.Icanseeitfromyourface.
Hecan’tbeathome.Isawhimintheclassroomjustnow.
Step4Summingup
Fromthedemonstrationofthemodalverbsabove,wecanfindmostofthemcanbeusedtoexpresscertainty,butthedegreeofthemisdifferent.
Hemightbeintheclassroom.
Hemaybeintheclassroom.
Hecouldbeintheclassroom.
Heshouldbeintheclassroom.
Hemustbeintheclassroom.
Step5practice
）
Findallthesentenceswithmodalverbsandexplainthemeaning.
.othercelebrationswereheldwhenhunterscouldcatchanimals.
2.Theylitfiresandmademusicbecausetheythoughtthesefestivalswouldbringayearofplenty.
3.…orsatisfyandpleasetheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.
4.Injapanthefestivaliscalledobon,whenpeopleshouldgotocleanthegravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancestors.
5.onthisimportantfeastday,peoplemighteatfoodintheshapeofskulls,andcakeswith“bones”onthem.
6.Itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycangototheirneighbours’homesandaskfor
sweets.
7.Iftheyarenotgivenanything,thechildrenmightplayatrick.
8.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheiranimals,flowers,fruitandvegetables,…
9.AttheSpringFestivalinchina,people…andmaygivechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper.
0.Theymightincludeparades,dancinginthestreetsdayandnight.
2）
completethefollowingsentenceswithpropermodalverbs.
a）
you’vebeenworkingallday.you______beverytired.
b）
Iwonderwhothatis,it________beLisa.She’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.
c）
Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.you________comeandseeusmoreoften.
d）
Ihaven’t;decidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I______gotoAustralia.
e）
myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.what________Igethim
f）
whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?
It__________lookniceonyou.
g）
“whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?
”“I’mnotsure.It___________beherbrother.
h）
Idon’tknowwhentheguests___________behere.They__________arriveatanytime.
3）
FinishthedialogueusingmodalverbsonP6
.A:
wouldyouliketogotoaspecialeventwithusonSaturday?
B:
yes,I’dliketogowithyouonSaturday2.A:
couldXiaoFengfindtheoriginofEasterfromthatbook?
B:
No,hecouldn’tfindit.3.A:
mayIgowithmyfriendtotheharvestfestival?
B:
yes,youmaygo4.A:
IfIwanttobeadoctorshouldIstudyscience?
B:
yes,youshouldstudyscience.A:
Heisveryhandsome.canheplaytheroleoftheprince
B:
No,hecan’tplaytheroleoftheprince.6.A:
Theneighbor’schildrenareolderthisyear.mightorShouldtheystopplayingtricksatHalloween?
B:
Perhaps,theymightstopplayingtricksatHalloweenorshouldstopplaying
4）makeadialogueusingmodalverbsaccordingtothegivensituation.
youhavetogotobuyfoodandgiftsforSpringFestival.Inpairs,oneastheshopkeeperandtheotherasthecustomer,offerandrequesttheitemsyouneed.Usetheseexpressionstohelpyou.
wouldyoulike…?
couldIhave…?
mightIsuggest…?
mayIsee…?
youshouldtry…?
couldwelookat…?
canyousee…?
wemighttake…?
Homework
chooseoneofthefollowingsituationstocreateashortdialogueusingmodalverbs.
SituationA:
Inalibrary.Askthelibrarianifhecanhelptofindabookrelatingtosomespecifictopics,whethertheycanberenewedornot,andhowtodoifthebooksarelost.
SituationB:
Adoctorgivesapatientsomeadvice.
Situationc:
Inaparkbyalake.Discussthatoneshouldnotdestroytheenvironment.
SituationD:
Requestinganappointment.
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