分析《双城记》中西得里卡登的人物性格特点毕业论.docx

分析《双城记》中西得里卡登的人物性格特点毕业论.docx

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分析《双城记》中西得里卡登的人物性格特点毕业论

【标题】分析《双城记》中西得里?

卡登的人物性格特点

【作者】曹利

【关键词】自我牺牲精神；无私的爱；细心；责任

【指导老师】张海霞曾琳玲

【专业】英语

【正文】

Ⅰ.Introduction

CharlesDickenswasoneofthegreatestcriticalrealisticwritersofEngland.HeisnowconsideredtoberankedsecondonlytoShakespeareinthecanonofEnglishauthors.

CharlesDickenswasbornin1812inPortsmouth,England.Hewasthesecondsonofalowermiddle-classfamily.Hisfather,John,wasamanofeasy-goingbutfrequentlyindebt.HewasaminorclerkintheNavyPayOffice.Dickenswasgreatlyinterestedinthebooksofliterature.HewassenttoschoolatChatham,butstayedthereonlyfortwoyears.Becauseofhisfather’strouble,thefamilymovedtoLondon.Hisfatherwassentintodebtor’sprisonsoonafter.Dickenshimselfwenttoworkattheageof12topayoffthefamily’sdebt.ThebitterexperienceinflicteduponCharlesDickens’characteraswellashislaterworksgreatly.Thecontrastbetweenhishappyschooldaysandthemiseryofhislifeinthefactorygnawedathim,andhelaterwrote:

 “Nowordscanexpressthesecretagonyofmysoul. . . .evennow,famousandhappy,I . . .wanderdesolatelybacktothattimeofmylife.”1Dickens’schildhoodexperiencesmadehimallthemoredeterminedtosucceedandtheyalsocreatedinhimastrongsympathyforthepoor,whichheneverlost.Afterhisfather'sreleasedfromprison,hisre-enteredschoolbrieflybutleftatage15.In1827,hefoundworkasalawclerk,ajobhehated.Inhissparetimehestudiedonhisownandtaughthimselftowriteshorthand.AfteractingontheLondonstageandseriouslyconsideringacareerinthetheater,DickensbecameaparliamentaryreporterfortheMirrorofParliamentandtheTrueSun.Hisexperiencesasareporterlefthimwithalife-longaffectionforjournalismandasuspicionoflawandparliament.Fromthenon,hebegantopublishhisnovels.  

ATaleofTwoCitieshadtheFrenchRevolutionof1789-1794asitsbackground.Theactionofthenovelwasthetwocities,LondonandParis,wheretherevolutiontookplace.DoctorManette,aFrenchphysician,wasimprisonedfor18yearsintheBastillebytwoaristocrats,theMarquisofEvremondandhisbrother.ItwasbecauseDr.Manette,inhisindignation,hadwrittenalettertotheministerofthestateofFrancetoexposethefactthatthetwocruelaristocratshadwoundedandkilledtheirserfsonanextremelyway.Duringthe18years’imprisonment,thedoctorgraduallylosthisreasonandmemory.Hedidnothingexceptmakingshoesalldayandallyearround.After18years,Dr.ManettewasreleasedfromtheBastille.HiswifewasdeadandhisdaughterLuciehasgrownupintoabeautifulyounglady.ManettecamebacktolifegraduallyinthecareofLucie.ButithappenedthatLucie’shusband,CharlesDarnay,wasthesonoftheveryaristocrat,theMarquisofEvremond.Thoughitwashardforhimacceptthefact,heboreitwhenherealizedthatDarnaywasaniceyoungmanofnoblecharacter.DuringtheFrenchRevolution,theBastillewasstormedandalotofaristocratsweretried,imprisonedorkilled.CharlesDarnaywasaccusedandsentencedtodeathbytherevolutionariesforwhathisevilfatherhaddone.Dr.Manette’soldservant,DefargeandhiswifeMadameDefargewereradicalrevolutionariesandtookanactivepartintheaction.Atthecriticalmoment,itwasSidneyCarton,andtheadmirerofLucie,thatcametotherescue.HelookedquitelikeDarnayinappearance.InordertosaveDarnay,hewaswillingtosacrificehimself.Attheendothenovel,Darnay,Dr.ManetteandLucieescapedfromParistoLondonwhileCardonwenttotheguillotineinsteadofDarnay.

SydneyCartonisnottheleadingcharacterofATaleofTwoCities.However,DickenschoosesSydneyCartonastheheroinsteadofanyotherinthetwosidesoftheconflict.HechoosesSydneyCartonastheembodimentofidealpersonality,andthedevelopmentofCarton’scharactersymbolizesthewriter’sview,especiallyshowsushisdeepconsiderationofhumanpower.TheAuthorappreciatesCarton’ssacrificialspiritandfraternity.Tohaveafullanalysisofhim,weshallknowthatSydneyCartonisnotthemanheinitiallyappearstobe.Hispersonalitytotallychangesthroughoutthenoveltobecomeaveryselfless,caringperson.SydneyCartonisthemostsuccessfulcharacterinATaleofTwoCitieswhichiscreatedbyCharlesDickens.

Ⅱ.TheCharacterofSydneyCarton

A.HisSelf-sacrifice

Carton’sappearanceisidlestandunpromising.Buthisheartismanfulandnoble.

HealwayshelpedMrStryvertohandlecases.MrStryverneverhadacaseinhand,anywhere,butCartonwasthere,withhishandinhispockets,staringattheceilingofthecount.WhenMrStryverwasinthemiddleofcross-examinganotherwitnesswithnoresult,CartonpassedhimanoteandfinallyMrStrynerwonthiscase.EverydayCartonwenttoStryver’shousetohelphimtocollecttheinformationaboutthecase.Anditwouldnotbefinisheduntilthreeo’clockinthemorning.HealwaysservicedStryver.DickensdescribedthatMrStryverwasalion,andCartonwasajackal.Hewasaccompliceinthecommissionofmenialordisreputableacts.Thisissatirical.IfCartondoesnothelpStryver,Stryvercouldnothavethestatusasitisnow.JustlikeatschoolCartondoesexercisesfortheotherboysinsteadofdoinghisown.

DuringtheFrenchRevolutionwhenDarnaywenttoFranceandwasputintoprisoninsecret,Lucie’swholefamilycametoParistosaveDarnay.Buttheyjustlikesheepinapackofwolves.CartonappearedintheParis’street;heknewBarsad（anEnglishmanandnowservicedtoFrance）andforcedhimtoofferconveniences.CartonalsorealizedthattheonlysolutiontosaveDarnaywastosacrificehim.Hethoughtthatamanwhohadnotsearedtheloveofanotherwaswastinghislife.Hedeterminedtotryhisbesttosavehisfriendsevenifhewouldlosehisownlife.HecomfortedtheoldMr.LorryandarrangedeverystepsofthewaytoescapefromParis.CartontalkedwithMr.LorryaboutDarnay’sfatewasjusttheendingofhim.Thatnight,ashewandersatthestreetofParis,CartonthoughtofLucieandthewordspokenbythepriestathisfather’sfuneralechothroughhismind:

 “Iamtheresurrectionandthelife,saiththelord;hethatbelievethinme,thoughheweredead,yetshallhelive;andwhosoeverlivethandbelievethinmeshallneverdie.”1HiswordsconfirmthathehasmadeaconsciousdecisiontosacrificehimselfforLucie’ssakeandforhisfriendsDarnay.Attheendofthenovel,Cartongoestotheguillotine.DickensrecountedthatthosewhosawCartondiewitnessedapeacefulandevenpropheticlookonhisface.DickensextendedCarton’slifebeyondthemomentofhisdeath.Untilhisdeath,insteadofshowingregretforhischoice,Cartonaffirmativelybelievedthatwhathehaddonewasthebestandtheplacewherehewouldgowasthemostwonderful.Inhismind,there’snohorriblefeelingtothegallows;there’snoimaginationtothecomingdeathandnoreluctancetoleave.HelefthislastblessanddreamtoLucie,herhusbandandherchild.Hewishedthatthecouplerespectedeachotherintheirspirit,andthechildusedhisname.Inhisvision,heforeseeslongandhappylivesforMr.Lorry,DoctorManette,andtheDarnayfamily,allofwhomrememberhimlovingly.HealsopicturedLucieandDarnayhaveason,whomtheynameafterhimandwhowillbecomethemanCartonalwayswantedtobe.Withthisvisioninmind,Cartongoestohisdeathandthink, "Itisafar,farbetterthingthatIdo,thanIhaveeverdone;itisafar,farbetterrestthatIgotothanIhaveeverknown."2AllthesewhichCartonhaddoneshowhisselflessloveandhighconfidenceandnoblesignificancetohischoice.Hetakesonamythicalaspectinsacrificinghimselftosavehisfriends.Herepresentsthesacrificialherowhoisrituallyslaughteredofhisownfreewill,sothatsocietymightrenewitself,aprospectheenvisionsbeforehedies. 

B.HisCarefulnessandHisSenseofResponsibilityforCareer 

CartonprovesthemostdynamiccharacterinaTaleofTwoCities.Hefirstappearsasalazy,alcoholicattorneyman.Hecannotmusteventhesmallestamountofinterestinhisownlife.Hedescribeshisexistenceassupremewasteoflifeandtakeseveryopportunitytodeclarethathecaresfornothingandnoone.ButwecansensesthatCartoninfactfeelssomethingthathecannotarticulate.HehashisintelligenceandresponsibilityforcareerthroughhisabilitytoanalyzecasesforMrStryver-hiscompanion.

DickenscreatesacontrastbetweenCartonandMr.Stryver.Mr.Stryveris “afavoriteattheoldBuily,andaleeatthesessions”.3Heisaglibmanandanunscrupulous,andareadyandaboldman,whileCartonwasoppositetoMr.Stryver.ThoughCarton’sappearancewasalazyalcoholicattorney,Heisanamazinglygoodjackalthatwouldneverbealion,andheisadisagreeablefellowinDoctorManette’shouse.Whenhewasastudent,healwaysdoesexercisesforotherboysandseldomdoeshisown.Hedoesnotapplyhisintelligenceproperly.Sopeoplesaroundhimarenotawareofhisoutstandingabilities,evenCartonhimselfisthinkingthatheisafutileman.Hetookinmoreofthedetailofscenethanheappearstotakein.Darnay,aFrencharistocratbybirth,firstwasaccusedoftreasonagainsttheEnglishCrown.Mr.Stryverpleadedthiscase.WhenStryverwasinthemiddleofcross-examininganotherwitnesswithnoresult,Carton,whohadallthetimelookingattheceilingincourt,passedhimanote.Stryverbeganarguingthecontentofthenote,whichdrewthecourt’sattentiontoCarton’sownuncannyresemblancetotheprisoner.Theundeniablelikenessfoiledthecourt’sabilitytoidentifyDarn