对外经贸大学跨文化交际导论期末考试题.docx

对外经贸大学跨文化交际导论期末考试题.docx

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对外经贸大学跨文化交际导论期末考试题

对外经济贸易大学

《跨文化交际（英）》期末考试

I.True-False:

Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.WriteTfor“true”andFfor“false”.（每题1分，共20分）

1.Theterm“interculturalcommunication”wasfirstusedbyGeertHofstedein

1959.

2.Halldefinescultureasthe"softwareofthemind"thatguidesusinourdailyinteractions.

3.InmostofAfrica,ArgentinaandPeru,puttingone’sindexfingertohistemplemeans‘Youarecrazy.’

4.Stereotypingisacomplexformofcategorizationthatmentallyorganizesyourexperiencesandguidesyourbehaviortowardaparticulargroupofpeople.

5.Valuesaresocialprinciples,goals,orstandardsacceptedbypersonsinaculture.

Theyaretheinnermost“skinoftheonion.”

6.Peoplefromsomeculturesmaylowertheirgazetoconveyrespect,whereasthismaybeunderstoodasevadingoreveninsultinginothercultures.

7.Unbuttoningone’scoatisasignofopenness,friendlinessorwillingnesstoreachanagreement.

8.Inorderforinterculturalnegotiationtobesuccessful,thepartiesmustprovideforawin-losesituation.

9.EdwardHall’stheorystatesthatthefourlevelsembodythetotalconceptofculturelikeanonion–symbols,heroes,rituals,andvalues.

10.Successfulinterculturalbusinesscommunicationinvolvesknowingtheethnocentrismsofpersonsinothercultures.Understandingthemindsetsofbothoneselfandthepersonofanotherculturewillresultinmoreefficientcommunication.

11.Ethnocentrismisthebeliefthatsomebodyelse’sculturalbackground,includingwaysofanalyzingproblems,values,beliefs,language,andverbalandnonverbalcommunication,isbetterthanourown.

12.PeopleintheUnitedStatesplaceagreateremphasisonhistoryanddonotlikechangeascomparedwithpeopleofAsianandLatincultures.

13.WhendealingwithGermanbusinesspeople,youshouldavoidjokesandotherformsofhumorduringtheactualbusinesssessions.

14.Inthebusinesscircle,Americanbusinesspeopleusefirstnamesimmediately.

15.CompaniesshouldavoidsendingfemaleemployeestotheMiddleEast,asin

Arabcountriesmenmayrefusetoworkwithwomen.

16.InSoutheastAsia,youshouldavoidpresentingyourbusinesscardwithyourrighthand.

17.Whenacceptingabusinesscard,Germanbusinesspeoplecarefullylookatthecard,observethetitleandorganization,acknowledgewithanodthattheyhavedigestedtheinformation,andperhapsmakearelevantcommentoraskapolitequestion.

18.TheOKsignmaybeinterpretedasaskingformoneybyJapanesebusinesspeople.

19.Nonverbalcommunicationisimportanttothestudyofinterculturalcommunicationbecauseagreatdealofnonverbalbehaviorspeaksauniversallanguage.

20.Inshort,interculturalcommunicationcompetencerequiressufficientawarenessknowledge,motivations,andskills.Eachofthesecomponentsaloneissufficienttoachieveinterculturalcommunicationcompetence.

II.Translation:

TranslatethefollowingChinesetermsintoEnglishand

EnglishtermsintoChinese.（每题1分，共20分）

1.stereotypes2.paralanguage

3.ethnocentrism4.masculinity

5.high-contextculture6.monochronictime

7.speechact8.conversationtaboos

9.vocalqualifiers10.powerdistance

11.译码

12.

偏见

13.文化震惊

14.

不确定性回避

15.概念意义

16.

语用错误

17.礼貌原则

18.

归纳法

19.空间语言

20.

礼仪与礼节

III.MultipleChoice:

ChoosetheONEappropriateanswer.（每题1分，共

20分）

1.Understandinganotherculture.

a.enablesbusinesspeopletoknowwhyforeignassociatesbelieveandactastheydo

b.isbestachievedthrough“do’sanddon’ts”lists

c.isimportantforbusinesspeoplebecausetheycanappeartobebetterinformed

d.isn’tnecessaryforbusinesspeople

2.Non-linearlanguages.a.areobjectoriented

b.seetimeasacontinuumofpresent,pastandfuturec.arecircular,traditionorientedandsubjective

d.leadtoshort-rangeplanninginbusinesspractices

3.Whichstatementaboutvaluesisincorrect

a.Valuesaresocialprinciples,goals,orstandardsacceptedbypersonsinaculture.

b.Valuesarelearnedbycontactswithfamilymembers,teachers,andreligiousleaders.

c.Valueswillbeinfluencedbywhatisseenontelevisionorreadinnewspapers.

d.Peopleinvariouscultureshavebasicallysimilarvalues.

4.Peoplefromculturesthatfollowthemonochronictimesystemtendtoa.doonethingatatime.

b.becommittedtopeople.

c.borrowandlendthingsoften.d.buildlifetimerelationships.

5.Whichstatementregardinghapticsisincorrect

a.InThailand,itisoffensivetotouchthehead.b.Japanisconsidereda"don'ttouch"culture.

c.Greeceisconsidereda"touch"culture.

d.InLatinAmericancountries,touchingbetweenmenisunacceptable.

6.Theopinionthateveryonehasapositionandclearlydefinedprivilegesis.a.aviewofhierarchicalstructureofsocialrelationship

b.aviewofgrouporientationstructureofsocialrelationship

c.aviewofindividualorientationstructureofsocialrelationshipd.noneoftheabove

7.Generalguidelinestofollowwhenconversingwithsomeonefromanothercultureincludeallofthefollowingexcept:

a.politicsisasafetopicinmostcultures.b.avoidtellingjokes.

c.avoidpersonalquestions.

d.keeptheconversationpositive.

8.Whichstatementbestdescribesanincorrecthandshake

a.Inthe.,ahandshakeshouldbefirm.b.AnAsianhandshakeisusuallygentle.

c.Germansrepeatabrusquehandshakeuponarrivalanddeparture.d.ABritishhandshakeisfirmandrepeatedfrequently.

9.Whichstatementreferringtothoughtpatternsisincorrect

a.Asianstypicallyusetheinductivemethodofreasoning.b.Thoughtpatternsimpactoralcommunication.

c.Whenusingthedeductivemethodofreasoning,onestartswiththefactsandgoestogeneralizations.

d.Recognizingdifferentthoughtpatternsisimportantinnegotiationwith

differentcultures.

10.Whichstatementisincorrect

a.Costlybusinessblundersareoftentheresultofalackofknowledgeofanotherculture'snonverbalcommunicationpatterns.

b.Processesofreasoningandproblemsolvingarethesameinallcultures.

c.Attitudestowardtimeanduseofspaceconveynonverbalmessagesininterculturalencounters.

d.Wheninanotherculture,anappropriatecautionwouldbetowatchthebehaviorofthepersonsyouaretalkingwithandmatchtheirstyle.

11.Languageisimportantbecauseit

a.helpsusshapeconcepts,controlshowwethink,andcontrolshowweperceiveothers.

b.allowsustobeunderstoodbyforeigners.c.isdeterminedbycolonialism.

d.isstable,easilyunderstood,andfreeofdiversity.

12.Whichofthefollowingcountriesuseshigh-contextlanguage

a.Canada

b.Germanyc.Japan

d.UnitedStates

13.Slangisgenerally

a.understoodbyeveryone.b.spokenbythemasses.

c.easilytranslated.

d.usedbysubgroups.

14.Nonverbalcommunicationdoesnotinclude

a.chromatics.b.chronemics.c.haptics.

d.semantics.

15.Dominance,harmony,andsubjugationareallvalueorientationsthatcorrespondtowhichofthefollowingculturalproblems

a.Whatisthenatureofhumanbeings

b.Whatistherelationshipofhumanstonature

c.Whatistheorientationofhumanstotime

d.Whatisthehumanorientationtoactivity

16.Proverbsaresignificanttothestudyofinterculturalcommunicationbecause.

a.theyprovideacompactdescriptionofaculture’svalues

b.theytellagreatdealaboutwhataculturepraisesandwhatitrejectsc.theyuniteapeoplewiththewisdomoftheirancestors

d.alloftheabove

17.Whichstatementhighlightsweakuncertaintyavoidancea.Onegroup'struthshouldnotbeimposedonothers.b.Scientificopponentscannotbepersonalfriends.

c.Citizenprotestshouldberepressed.

d.Negativeattitudesareexpressedtowardyoungpeople.

18.ThemainideaoftheSapir-WhorfHypothesisisthat

a.languageisjustadeviceforreportingaperson'sexperience.b.twolanguagescanrepresentthesamesocialreality.

c.thesocialrealitycanbeconveyedtoapersonwhodoesnotspeakthelanguage.

d.languagefunctionsasawayofshapingaperson'sexperience.

19.Manymultinationalfirmsfindthatculturalshockcanbealleviatedbya.sendingonlytopexecutivesabroad.

b.sendingonlyyoung,singleassociatesonoverseasassignments.c.testingassociatestoseewhoismostqualified.

d.selectingemployeesforoverseasassignmentswhopossesscertainpersonalandprofessionalqualifications.

20.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrect

a.Knowingculturalvariationsintheuseofsilenceishelpfulwhenconversingwithpersonsinanotherculture.

b.Weneedtokeepthingsinperspectiveandnotgetoffendedeachtimewedealwithsomeonewhohasadifferentattitudetowardtouching

c.Goodadvicewhencommunicatingwithpersonsinotherculturesistokeepgesturestoaminimum

d.Althoughoralcommunicationvariesfromculturetoculture,non-verbalcommunicationisalmostalwaysinterpretedthesameineachculture.

IV.Answerthefollowingessayquestion.（共20分）

Compareandcontrastthefollowingproverbsfromtwodifferentcultures:

“Itistheduckthatsquawksthatgetsshot”and“Thesqueakywheelgetsthegrease.”HowdopeoplefromtheseculturesperceivesilenceandtalkInlightoftheirdifferentperceptions,howmighttheyvieweachotherWhatproblemsmightariseintheirinteractions

V.CaseAnalysis:

Analyzethefollowingconversationfromaninterculturalperspective.（共20分）

ThefollowingconversationtookplacebetweentwoChinesefriends.

A:

We’regoingtoNewOrleansthisweekend.

B:

Whatfun!

Iwishweweregoingwithyou.Howlongareyougoingtobethere

A:

Thr